Search results for "Bulk"
showing 10 items of 286 documents
Long-term monitoring of soil bulk density and erosion rates in two Prunus Persica (L) plantations under flood irrigation and glyphosate herbicide tre…
2021
Abstract Early season fruit production for the northern European market is highly intensive in fertilization, machinery, irrigation and the use of herbicides. Those conditions increase the soil losses and soil compaction and threaten the Sustainable Goals for Development of the United Nations by 2030. Long-term soil erosion measurements are necessary to determine the sustainability of agriculture managements. Moreover, soil erosion on flood irrigation land is a topic that request more surveys and research as rainfed sloping terrains attracted all the attention of scientists and research investment. Improved Stock Unearthing Method (ISUM) was applied to two 15 years-old herbicide treated fie…
Impact of Innovative Agricultural Practices of Carbon Sequestration on Soil Microbial Community.
2011
This chapter deals with the impact on soil microbiology of innovative management techniques for enhancing carbon sequestration. With in the MESCOSAGR project, the effect of different field treatments was investigated at three experimental sites differing in pedo-climatic characteristics. Several microbiological parameters were evaluated to describe the composition of soil microbial communities involved in the carbon cycle, as well as to assess microbial biomass and activity. Results indicated that both compost and catalyst amendments to field soils under maize or wheat affected microbial dynamics and activities, though with out being harmful to microbial communities.
Laboratory testing of Beerkan infiltration experiments for assessing the role of soil sealing on water infiltration
2018
Abstract Soil surface sealing is a major cause of decreased infiltration rates and increased surface runoff and erosion during a rainstorm. The objective of this paper is to quantify the effect of surface sealing on infiltration for 3 layered soils with different textures for the upper layer and investigate the capability of BEST procedure to catch the formation of the seal and related consequences on water infiltration. Rainfall experiments were carried out to induce the formation of the seal. Meanwhile, Beerkan infiltration runs were carried out pouring water at different distances from the soil surface (BEST-H versus BEST-L runs, with a High and Low water pouring heights, respectively) f…
Accelerated mineralisation of atrazine in maize rhizosphere soil
2002
International audience; The mineralisation rate of atrazine measured in soil pre-treated with this herbicide, was significantly higher in the maize rhizosphere than in bulk soil. Maize rhizosphere was also shown to significantly increase microbial biomass C as compared with bulk soil. Ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis conducted on nucleic acids extracted directly from soil samples revealed that the structure of microbial communities observed in the rhizosphere was slightly different from that of bulk soil. The quantification of the relative amount of the gene atzC, which encodes an enzyme involved in atrazine mineralisation, was carried out on soil nucleic acids by using quantitative-com…
Effects of solarisation on soil thermal-physical properties under different soil treatments: A review
2020
Solarisation technology allows for improving soil quality as well as crop productivity. The influence of the properties and method of use of plastic materials used to cover soils, such as the number and thickness of layers, and colour of the material, significantly alters soil thermal-physical properties. These effects can be managed and modified to increase solarisation efficiency by achieving a decrease in vapour movement between the soil surface and the atmosphere. Also, soil solarisation establishes microclimates that increase the effectiveness of fertilisers, thus modifying the soil thermal-physical properties. However, there is a lack of complete and general overview of this widely us…
Increasing the elastic modulus of polyamides
1977
Self-organization and nanostructural control in thin film heterojunctions.
2013
In spite of more than two-decades of studies of molecular self-assembly, the achievement of low cost, easy-to-implement and multi-parameter bottom-up approaches to address the supramolecular morphology in three-dimensional (3D) systems is still missing. In the particular case of molecular thin films, the 3D nanoscale morphology and function are crucial for both fundamental and applied research. Here we show how it is possible to tune the 3D film structure (domain size, branching, etc.) of thin film heterojunctions with nanoscale accuracy together with the modulation of their optoelectronic properties by employing an easy two-step approach. At first we prepared multi-planar heterojunctions w…
Synthesis of new half sandwich tetrachloro derivatives of molybdenum(V) and tungsten(V). X-ray structures of (C5HPri4)W(CO)3(CH3) and (C5Et5)WCl4
2002
International audience; The new synthetic intermediates (Ring)MCl4 [Ring=C5HPri4 or 4Cp, M=Mo, 2; Ring=C5Et5 or VCp, M=W, 4, Ring=4Cp, M=W, 6] containing sterically protecting cyclopentadienyl ligands have been synthesized. Along the synthetic pathway to 2, it was found that the treatment of [4CpMo(CO)3]− with an aqueous ferric solution according to the well established Manning procedure affords the hydride compound 4CpMo(CO)3H (1) by hydrolysis rather than the expected neutral dimer by oxidation. Compound 1 could be converted, however, to 2 upon oxidation with PhICl2 in good yields. Compound 4 is shown by a single crystal X-ray analysis to adopt a monomeric four-legged piano stool structur…
Soil REE patterns as tracers of the emplacement of metal-rich anthropogenic materials. A case study in Moa (Cuba)
2019
Purpose: Are rare earth element (REE) patterns employable as tracers in human interventions of bulk soil disturbances, when high concentrations of metals are involved in the in situ soil disturbance? In terms of bulk soil disturbance, it is difficult to distinguish between bulk soil disturbances and emplacement of new earthen material. Chemical fingerprinting, in particular REE plus yttrium, is applied across many fields, but predominantlyin tracking the sources of potential environmental contaminants. Materials and methods: The REE normalised patterns (HNO 3 :HF:HCl 3:1:1 digestion, ICP-MS) of two Calcaric Cambisols were compared with those of a Geric Ferralsol (Novic, Technic) originated …
Anomalous magnetic hysteresis in the microwave surface resistance of MgB2 superconductor
2007
We report experimental results of the field-induced variations of the microwave surface resistance in samples of MgB2, produced by different methods. By sweeping the DC magnetic field at increasing and decreasing values, we have detected a magnetic hysteresis that can be ascribed to the different magnetic induction, due to the critical state of the fluxon lattice. The hysteresis observed in the bulk samples has an unusual shape, which cannot be justified in the framework of the critical-state models.