Search results for "CAG"

Identification of bacterial groups preferentially associated with mycorrhizal roots of Medicago truncatula

2007

ABSTRACT The genetic structures of bacterial communities associated with Medicago truncatula Gaertn. cv. Jemalong line J5 (Myc + Nod + ) and its symbiosis-defective mutants TRV48 (Myc + Nod − ) and TRV25 (Myc − Nod − ) were compared. Plants were cultivated in a fertile soil (Châteaurenard, France) and in soil from the Mediterranean basin showing a low fertility (Mas d'Imbert, France). Plant growth, root architecture, and the efficiency of root symbiosis of the three plant genotypes were characterized in the two soils. Structures of the bacterial communities were assessed by automated-ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (A-RISA) fingerprinting from DNA extracted from the rhizosphere soil an…

Comparative genomics and proteomics of Helicobacter mustelae, an ulcerogenic and carcinogenic gastric pathogen

2010

Abstract Background Helicobacter mustelae causes gastritis, ulcers and gastric cancer in ferrets and other mustelids. H. mustelae remains the only helicobacter other than H. pylori that causes gastric ulceration and cancer in its natural host. To improve understanding of H. mustelae pathogenesis, and the ulcerogenic and carcinogenic potential of helicobacters in general, we sequenced the H. mustelae genome, and identified 425 expressed proteins in the envelope and cytosolic proteome. Results The H. mustelae genome lacks orthologs of major H. pylori virulence factors including CagA, VacA, BabA, SabA and OipA. However, it encodes ten autotransporter surface proteins, seven of which were detec…

Polish Yellow Sweet Clover (Melilotus officinalis L.) Honey, Chromatographic Fingerprints, and Chemical Markers

2017

A case study of Polish Melilotus officinalis honey was presented for the first time. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (after steam distillation, Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic solvent extraction, and solid phase extraction (SPE)) and targeted high performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (HPLC-PAD) were applied to determine the characteristic components of honey. While ubiquitous in most honeys, carbohydrates, terpene derivatives, and phenylacetic acid dominated in the Soxhlet extracts (25.54%) and in the application of SPE (13.04%). In addition, lumichrome (1.85%) was found, and may be considered as a marker of this honey. Due to the presence of these …

X-X through-cage bonding in Cu, Ni, and Cr complexes with M3X2 cores (X=S, As).

2008

Density functional calculations on trinuclear complexes bridged by two sulfur atoms, [(tmeda)(3)Cu(3)(mu-S)(2)](3+), [(tmeda)(3)Ni(3)(mu-S)(2)](2+), and [(tmeda)(3)Ni(3)(mu-S(2))](4+), as well as on the formation of [(tmeda)(3)Cu(3)(mu-S)(2)](3+) from a dinuclear [(tmeda)(2)Cu(2)(mu-S(2))](2+) complex and a mononuclear [(tmeda)Cu(eta(2)-S(2))](+) fragment, are reported. A qualitative orbital analysis of the M(3)X(2) framework bonding is presented for the case in which each metal atom M has a square planar coordination sphere completed by one bidentate or two monodentate ligands (that is, [(L(2)M)(3)X(2)] compounds). It is concluded that a framework electron count (FEC) of 12 corresponds to …

Translating results from the cardiovascular outcomes trials with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists into clinical practice: Recommendations fr…

2022

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists mimic the action of the endogenous GLP-1 incretin hormone, improving glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by increasing insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. However, as cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality is common in patients with T2DM, several trials with the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists (RAs) have been performed focusing on endpoints related to cardiovascular disease rather than metabolic control of T2DM. Following the positive cardiovascular effects of liraglutide, dulaglutide and semaglutide observed in these trials, major changes in T2DM management guidelines have …

Biosimilar and generic formulations of novel antidiabetic drugs: the role of liraglutide in clinical pharmacology of type 2 diabetes.

2022

Efficacy of GLP-1 RA Approved for Weight Management in Patients With or Without Diabetes: A Narrative Review

2022

The approval of once daily liraglutide, 3.0 mg, and once weekly semaglutide, 2.4 mg, for chronic weight management provides a novel effective strategy against obesity. The reliable models that might predict weight reducing potential at the individual level have not been identified yet. However, the coexistence of diabetes has been consistently related with less effective response than in people without this comorbidity. We aimed to review the efficacy of GLP-1 RAs approved for weight management in individuals with and without diabetes and discuss some potential mechanisms for consistently observed differences in efficacy between these two populations. The mean weight loss difference between…

Demonstration and partial characterization of an intermediate HBcAG (Dane particle) population.

1981

Abstract Hepatitis-B core antigen (HBcAg) was released from Dane particles previously separated from anti-HBc by repeated pelleting through sucrose gradients separated into three HBcAg populations when analysed by cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation. Heavy HBcAg particles banded at a density of 1.355 gm/ml, intermediate HBcAg particles at a density of 1.33 gm/ml, and light mediate HBcAg particles at a density of 1.30 gm/ml. Like heavy HBcAg particles, intermediate HBcAg particles contained DNA polymerase activity, but the ratio of HBcAg to DNA polymerase activity was significantly different in both populations. Intermediate HBcAg particles could not be separated from heavy HBcAg…

Aerosolized GLP-1 for Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2014

Diabetes is a global burden and the prevalence of the disease, in particular diabetes mellitus type 2 is rapidly increasing worldwide. After introduction of insulin into clinical therapy about 90 years ago a major number of pharmaceuticals has been developed for treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. One of these, the incretin glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), like insulin, needs subcutaneous administration causing inconvenience to patients. However, administration of GLP-1 plays also a role for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). To improve patient convenience inhaled insulin (Exubera®) was developed and approved but failed market acceptance some years ago. Recently, another inhala…

Fungal genes related to calcium homeostasis and signalling are upregulated in symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhiza interactions

2012

Fluctuations in intracellular calcium levels generate signalling events and regulate different cellular processes. Whilst the implication of Ca2+ in plant responses during arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) interactions is well documented, nothing is known about the regulation or role of this secondary messenger in the fungal symbiont. The spatio-temporal expression pattern of putatively Ca2+-related genes of Glomus intraradices BEG141 encoding five proteins involved in membrane transport and one nuclear protein kinase, was investigated during the AM symbiosis. Expression profiles related to successful colonization of host roots were observed in interactions of G. intraradices with roots of wild-ty…