Search results for "CARDIOTOXICITY"
showing 10 items of 104 documents
Higher Incidence of Cancer Therapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction in the COVID-19 Era: A Single Cardio-Oncology Center Experience
2023
Aim: COVID-19 pandemic had a big impact on our life, it has revolutionized the practice of cardiology and the organization of hospital and outpatient activities. Thus the aim of our study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Methods and results: A single center retrospective study was carried out evaluating 96 cancer patients treated with anthracyclines and admitted to our Cardio-Oncology unit from June to August 2019 and 60 patients from June to August 2021. The incidence of CTRCD was assessed performing an echocardiogram at the time of the enrollment. We found a significantly higher incidence of CTRCD i…
Non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide as first-line therapy in elderly women with HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer.
2022
Background. The use of anthracyclines in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is limited by cumulative dose-dependent cardiotoxicity mostly in elderly women with comorbidities. The aim of this observational retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Myocet®) and cyclophosphamide in elderly women as HER2 negative first-line MBC treatment. Methods. 84 elderly women >70 years of age (median age 78 years) with MBC HER2 negative were enrolled. Performance Status in 58 patients was ECOG-0 and in 26 patients was ECOG-1. Results. The drug was well tolerated, with overall response rates were >40%, median overall survival was 16.2 months (95%CI:14.6- 18.8…
Impact of Undernutrition on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Anticancer Drugs: A Literature Review
2017
The etiology of undernourishment in cancer patients is multifactorial: tumor-related mechanisms (such as obstruction, metabolic abnormalities, and functionality changes) in addition to the influence of anticancer therapies, which can induce or worsen undernutrition. The evident role of undernutrition in cancer treatment outcomes suggests the need of considering nutritional status when evaluating anticancer drugs. In order to merge the available data and offer researchers and clinicians a global view of this phenomenon, the present manuscript reviews on a drug-by-drug basis the undernutrition-related pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of anticancer treatments. This review notes inte…
Lysosomal alterations in heart and liver of mice treated with doxorubicin.
1985
This study was carried out to evaluate the influence of long-term treatment with doxorubicin (DXR) (4mg/kg IV for 5 weeks) on heart and liver lysosomes of mice. We evaluated the variations in both total and "sedimentable" enzyme activity of cathepsin D, which is the major endopeptidase of myocites and probably involved in physiologic and pathologic degradation of actomyosin and mitochondria, and that of acid phosphatase, which is more prominent in interstitial cells. Our results show that marked changes occur in both total and sedimentable enzyme activity of cathepsin D in the heart of treated animals and to a lesser extent in the liver. In contrast, no modification of either total or sedim…
Immune checkpoint inhibitors-associated pericardial disease: a systematic review of case reports
2021
Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can be complicated by cardiovascular toxicity, including pericardial disease. To date, no prospective studies specifically investigated the optimal treatment of ICI-associated pericardial disease, and the available evidence is based on case reports and series only. We performed a systematic review of case reports and series including 20 publications for a total of 28 cases of ICI-associated pericardial disease. In this review, pericardial disease was reversible in the majority of cases (75%), although 2 deaths were reported. The majority of cases were life-threatening (G4, 53.6%) or severe (G3, 21.4%), requiring pericardiocentesis. Higher r…
Improving the preclinical models for the study of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: a Position Paper of the Italian Working Group on Drug Cardioto…
2015
Although treatment for heart failure induced by cancer therapy has improved in recent years, the prevalence of cardiomyopathy due to antineoplastic therapy remains significant worldwide. In addition to traditional mediators of myocardial damage, such as reactive oxygen species, new pathways and target cells should be considered responsible for the impairment of cardiac function during anticancer treatment. Accordingly, there is a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies to protect the heart from pharmacologic injury, and improve clinical outcomes in cancer patients. The development of novel protective therapies requires testing putative therapeutic strategies in appropriate animal model…
Chemotherapy cardiotoxicity: cardioprotective drugs and early identification of cardiac dysfunction.
2016
Background: Chemotherapy cardiotoxicity is an emerging problem and it is very important to prevent cardiac dysfunction caused by anticancer drugs. The aim of this study was to assess the alterations of the cardiac function induced by chemotherapy in a follow-up of 2 years and to evaluate the cardioprotective role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) in the prevention of cardiac dysfunction. Methods: A prospective study was carried out using patients with breast cancer (85 women; median age 57W12years) and other inclusion and exclusion criteria. On the basis of treatment, patients were divided into six groups: fluorouracil-epirubicincyclophosphamide, FEC (group A); FEC and tra…
0131 : Impact of overweight on anthracycline and trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity: experimental study in mice
2015
Trastuzumab (TRZ), a humanized monoclonal antibody against Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) oncogene, is believed to potentiate doxorubicin (DOX) cardiotoxicity, resulting in left ventricular dysfunction. Few data indicate that overweight could influence DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, and no study has already evaluated the impact of moderate overweight on the cardiotoxic effect of DOX alone or in combination with TRZ. Immediately after birth, litters of C57BL/6 mice were either maintained at 10 (normal litter, NL), or reduced to 3 (small litter, SL) in order to induce programming of ~15% overweight through postnatal overfeeding. At 4 months, in order to evaluate the potentiation…
Dystrophin-deficiency increases the susceptibility to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity
2007
Background and aim: The clinical use of doxorubicin (DOX) and other anthracyclines is limited by a dosage-dependent cardiotoxicity, which can lead to cardiomyopathy. The role of the individual genetic makeup in this disorder is poorly understood. Alterations in genes encoding cardiac cytoskeleton or sarcolemma proteins may increase the susceptibility to doxorubicin-related cardiotoxicity. Methods: Female dystrophin-deficient mice (MDX) and age-matched wild-type mice underwent chronic treatment with doxorubicin. Cardiac function and tissue damage were assessed by echocardiography and histopathology, respectively. Gene expression changes were investigated using microarrays. Results: DOX treat…
Doxorubicin induces wide-spread transcriptional changes in the myocardium of hearts distinguishing between mice with preserved and impaired cardiac f…
2021
Abstract Aims Doxorubicin (DOX) is an important drug for the treatment of various tumor entities. However, the occurrence of heart failure limits its application. This study investigated differential gene expression profiles in the left and right ventricles of DOX treated mice with either preserved or impaired myocardial function. We provide new mechanistic insights into the pathophysiology of DOX-induced heart failure and have discovered pathways that counteract DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Main methods We used in total 48 male mice and applied a chronic low dose DOX administration (5 mg/kg per injection, in total 20 mg/kg over 4 weeks) to induce heart failure. Echocardiographic parameters …