Search results for "CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE."

Mediterranean diet and antihypertensive drug use: a randomized controlled trial

2021

Objective To examine in older individuals at high cardiovascular risk whether following a Mediterranean diet decreased the necessity of antihypertensive drugs and modulated their associated cardiovascular risk. Methods In the PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea study, we assessed whether volunteers randomly allocated to an intervention with a Mediterranean diet enriched with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts (relative to a low-fat control diet) disclosed differences in the risk of: initiating antihypertensive medication in nonusers at baseline (n = 2188); and escalating therapy in participants using one, two, or three drugs at baseline (n = 2361, n = 1579, and n = 554, respectively). We also ass…

The Mediterranean diet improves the systemic lipid and DNA oxidative damage in metabolic syndrome individuals. A randomized, controlled, trial.

2013

Summary Background & aims Metabolic syndrome (MetS), in which a non-classic feature is an increase in systemic oxidative biomarkers, presents a high risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is associated with a reduced risk of MetS. However, the effect of the MedDiet on biomarkers for oxidative damage has not been assessed in MetS individuals. We have investigated the effect of the MedDiet on systemic oxidative biomarkers in MetS individuals. Methods Randomized, controlled, parallel clinical trial in which 110 female with MetS, aged 55–80, were recruited into a large trial (PREDIMED Study) to test the efficacy of the traditional MedDie…

Postprandial metabolism: from research to clinical practice.

2013

Over the last decade, the importance of postprandial metabolism has increased, given that it is the physiological state of humans in modern society. Moreover, postprandial lipemia is considered as a key player in the development of the most important cardiometabolic diseases. In this regard, postprandial lipemia has become more important, since it has been demonstrated that nonfasting triglycerides (TGs) are independent predictors of the risk of cardio vascular disease (CVD) [1,2]. Interestingly, the postprandial phase has been associated with increased inflammation and oxidation, which influences vascular function through a permanent endothelial aggression by atherogenic lipoprotein. TGs a…

The Mediterranean diet, plasma metabolome, and cardiovascular disease risk.

2020

Abstract Aims To investigate whether metabolic signature composed of multiple plasma metabolites can be used to characterize adherence and metabolic response to the Mediterranean diet and whether such a metabolic signature is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Methods and results Our primary study cohort included 1859 participants from the Spanish PREDIMED trial, and validation cohorts included 6868 participants from the US Nurses’ Health Studies I and II, and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (NHS/HPFS). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed using a validated Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), and plasma metabolome was profiled by liquid chromatogr…

Nutrition in the genomics era: cardiovascular disease risk and the Mediterranean diet.

2007

The effect of dietary changes on phenotypes (i.e., plasma lipid measures, body weight and blood pressure) differs significantly between individuals. This phenomenon has been more extensively researched in relation to changes in dietary fat and plasma lipid concentrations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to other pathological conditions. Although common knowledge associates low fat diets with reductions in total and plasma LDL cholesterol, the clinical evidence shows dramatic inter-individual differences in response that are partially due to genetic factors. The discovery of the cardioprotective and other healthy properties of the Mediterranean diet has popularized…

The impact of occult renal failure on the cardiovascular risk stratification in an elderly population: the PREV-ICTUS study.

2008

To analyze the impact of occult renal failure (ORF) in the individual risk stratification and on the blood pressures (BP) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) goals in an aged population, according to the ESH/ESC Hypertension Guidelines.A cross-sectional, population-based study on individuals aged 60 years or more carried out in Primary Care Centers of Spain. Kidney function was estimated from calculated creatinine clearance (eGFR), Cockroft and Gault formula. Ten-year cardiovascular risk was estimated through the ESH/ESC table including or not including the eGFR. Estimates of the modification in BP and LDL-cholesterol (cLDL) goals were calculated.In 6419 subjects, 4242 subjects (66%) had norm…

Endoscope-assisted microsurgery for cerebral aneurysms.

1999

A total of 66 patients with intracranial aneurysms were endoscopically assisted treated during a 3 years period. Among those were five individuals with giant aneurysms and 27 patients with aneurysms of the posterior circulation. The endoscope was used only for checking the anatomical structures surround the aneurysms in 16 cases. In 43 patients the aneurysm sac was also dissected under endoscopical con-trol. Even the clipping procedure was performed in seven cases exclusively under endoscopical obser-vation. Only one prematural rupture occurred intraoperatively during preparation of a basilar tip aneurysm. Postoperatively three individuals with aneurysms located in the posterior circulation…

Diagnostic value of transesophageal echocardiography in patients with coronary artery disease and mitral insufficiency

1991

Any diagnosis of mitral regurgitation must always include the etiology. The clinical history is only rarely informative, as are chest x-ray examinations. The ECG is of value to diagnose coronary artery disease with or without previous myocardial infarction — but further differentiation is not possible. During heart catheterization mitral insufficiency can be diagnosed and quantified according to Seller’s classification [1]. A differentiation of etiology is only rarely possible. Rheumatic heart disease and mitral valve prolapse can be differentiated.

2019

Background The cardiac diagnostic workup of stroke patients, especially the value of echocardiography and enhanced and prolonged Holter-ECG monitoring, is still a matter of debate. We aimed to analyse the impact of pathologies detected by echocardiography and ECG monitoring on therapeutic decisions and prognosis. Methods Find-AFRANDOMISED was a prospective multicenter study which randomised 398 acute ischemic stroke patients ≥ 60 years to enhanced and prolonged Holter-ECG monitoring or usual stroke unit care. This substudy compared therapeutic consequences of echocardiography and routine Holter-ECG or enhanced and prolonged Holter-ECG monitoring, respectively, and prognosis of patients with…

2012

Background and Purpose Diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) can be challenging, but it is highly relevant in patients presenting with sinus rhythm and acute cerebral ischemia. We aimed to evaluate prospectively whether natriuretic peptide levels and kinetics identify patients with paroxysmal AF. Methods Patients with acute cerebral ischemia were included into the prospective observational Find-AF study. N-terminal pro brain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal pro atrial-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proANP) plasma levels were measured on admission, after 6 and 24 hours. Patients free from AF at presentation received 7 day Holt…