Search results for "CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE."
showing 10 items of 2331 documents
Poincaré surface profile. Novel non-invasive method to detect preferential ventricular response during atrial fibrillation
2007
The strategy of rate control during atrial fibrillation (AF) essentially deals with efforts to utilize and adjust the filtering properties of the atrioventricular (AV) node, allowing AF to continue and ensure that ventricular rate is controlled. In this work, a new tool based on the 3D Poincare plots is developed for the characterization of the ventricular response (VR) and the clinical evaluation of rate control therapies. Mechanisms underlying atrioventricular conduction during AF remain unclear. The role of the dual pathway AV nodal electrophysiology and the effects of the AV node modifications are still being an incognita. RR interval clusters exhibiting harmonic behaviour have been qua…
Basics of Image Interpretation in Interventional Neuroradiology
2011
The majority of patients with cerebral vascular diseases, demanding neuroradiological interventions are those, who present with potential life-threatening spontaneous intracranial/intracerebral haemorrhages due to cerebral aneurysms or/and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) or with cerebral infarction due to intra-arterial thrombi in cerebral arteries. Neuroradiological procedures (interventional neuroradiology) (IN), always, performed in general anaesthesia can be divided into occluding and opening interventions.
CT-Angiographie an einem 16-Schicht-CT zur perioperativen Evaluation der Leberarterien im Vergleich zur MR-Angiographie
2004
Purpose: To evaluate the efficiency of CT angiography (CTA) with 16-row MSCT compared with MR angiography (MRA) in analyzing the arterial anatomy in patients undergoing liver surgery. Materials and Methods: In 30 patients, MRA and CTA studies of the abdominal vessels were reviewed. CT parameters: slice thickness 3 mm; collimation 1.5; reconstruction interval 2 mm (Philips MX 8000 IDT); 120 ml contrast media (400 mg/ml) at a rate of 4 ml/ sec; acquisition of arterial-phase scans. The anatomy of the hepatic artery was evaluated from axial and reconstructed maximum-intensity-projection (MIP) images ("Slab-Viewer", Philips). MR parameters: contrast-enhanced coronal FLASH-3D sequences; slice thi…
Quantitative assessment of regularity and synchronization of intracardiac recordings during human atrial fibrillation
2003
This study proposes the morphology-based evaluation of the regularity (R) and the synchronization (S) of intra-atrial electrograms acquired during atrial fibrillation (AF). R is defined as the degree of repetitiveness over time of the shapes of the activation waves detected in single atrial recordings. S accounts for the simultaneous presence of morphologically similar activation waves in two atrial electrograms, and for the dispersion of the propagation delays between the two sites. Both R and S resulted unitary for normal sinus rhythm and decreased significantly moving from atrial flutter (R=0.93, S=0.88) to AF of increasing complexity class (type I AF: R=0.75, S=0.66; type II AF: R=0.32,…
P729PD-1/PD-L1 axis contributes to infarct size in ST elevation myocardial infarction
2014
Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and Programmed death-1 ligand (PD-L1) regulate immune response. Previous studies associate an immune deregulation in ST-elevation myocardial infarction STEMI. We recruited 100 patients with a first STEMI treated with reperfusion. In all patients PD-1 and PD-L1 expression was studied 24 h post-reperfusion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), by means of flow cytometry and molecular biology. PD-1 and PD-L1 expression was serially analyzed in the first 20 patients before reperfusion and 24h, 96h and 30 days afterwards. Results were compared with 30 age- and sex-matched controls. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance was used to quantify infarct size 1-week after infarc…
Neuropathology of Cerebellar Infarction: Its Morphology in Comparison to Selective Postmortem Angiography of Cerebellar Arteries
1994
A typology of infarctions [11, 20] is established for the cerebral hemispheres and has recently also been used, chiefly in neuroradiological diagnosis, for cerebellar infarctions [2–5, 8, 10, 16]. Detailed clinical [12] and microangiographic [7, 9, 13, 15, 17] investigations of the vascularization of the posterior cranial fossa can be referred to in this context. With the aid of selective postmortem angiograms we examined the territories of the superior cerebellar artery (SCA), anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA), and posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) on serial sections in the three planes of projection. The sagittal plane offers decisive advantages for assigning cerebellar…
Transkranielle Dopplersonographie bei Kopf-Hals-Tumoren*
1991
Transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) recording is a non-invasive diagnostic procedure for the evaluation of the cerebral collateral flow in patients, in whom therapeutic ligation or resection of the common and/or internal carotid artery is planned. Patients are first examined under resting conditions, and then under manual compression of the ipsilateral carotid artery. Since January 1989, 31 ENT and neurosurgical patients have been examined. In all patients an immediate decrease in flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (mca) of about 25% to 90% was recorded. In 42.8% of the patients the mca flow velocity reached 90% or more of its value under normal conditions within a short period. …
Ectasia and Aneurysm of the Right Coronary Artery Resulting From a Shunt to the Coronary Sinus
1998
A 65-year-old woman presented with a systolic-diastolic murmur. Further MRI investigations as well as angiography revealed an arteriovenous shunt to the coronary sinus via an enlarged right coronary artery (Figure 1A⇓ and 1B⇓). The distal part of this coronary artery was transformed to a large coronary aneurysm of such extent that the left atrium was compressed …
Intravascular Ultrasound-based Imaging Modalities for Tissue Characterisation
2014
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in the developed world. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a widely used imaging modality providing complementary diagnostic information to angiography regarding the vessel wall of the coronary arteries. IVUS has been used for assessment of ambiguous angiographic lesions, evaluation of new interventional devices and in atherosclerosis progression-regression trials. However, the standard gray-scale IVUS has limited value for the accurate identification of specific plaque components. This limitation has been partially over- come by introduction of new IVUS-based imaging methods such as: virtual histology IVUS, iMAP…
[CT-angiography in carotid stenosis].
1997
Purpose: Prospective evaluation of the accuracy of CT angiography (CTA) with different postprocessing for extracranial carotid artery in comparison with DSA. Method: one hundred patients were studied with standarized CTA. For postprocessing, MPR, MIP, and 3D reconstruction based on segmentation with upper and lower threshold were used. Intravascular density profiles were considered. All CTA studies were correlated with intra-arterial angiography. The degree and classification of stenoses was determined using the guidelines established by the NASCET collaborators. Results: Measurement of stenosis was possible by MPR in 82.5 %, by MIP in 85 %, and 3D in 100 %. Correct classification was found…