Search results for "CASP"
showing 10 items of 470 documents
Cytotoxicity of compounds from Xylopia aethiopica towards multi-factorial drug-resistant cancer cells.
2015
Abstract Introduction Multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer represent a major hurdle in chemotherapy. Previously, the methanol extract of the medicinal spice Xylopia aethiopica displayed considerable cytotoxicity against multidrug resistant (MDR) cancer cell lines. Methods The present study was designed to assess the cytotoxicity of compounds, 16 α -hydroxy- ent -kauran-19-oic acid ( 2 ), 3,4′,5-trihydroxy-6″,6″-dimethylpyrano[2,3-g]flavone ( 3 ), isotetrandrine ( 5 ) and trans -tiliroside ( 6 ) derived from the methanol crude extract of Xylopia aethiopica against 9 drug-sensitive and -resistant cancer cell lines. The resazurin reduction assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of these c…
Microsporidian disease of the invasive amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus and the potential for its transfer to local invertebrate fauna.
2012
12 pages; International audience; Invasive species may introduce novel pathogens to a colonised area. Most of the time emerging pathogens are detected a posteriori, but recognition of a priori emergence of an invasive disease by host shift may be useful for predictive purposes. Here, we studied if the microsporidian parasite Cucumispora dikerogammari infecting the invasive Ponto-Caspian amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus, has the potential to become an emergent disease in invaded rivers in Western and Central Europe. We first showed that this parasite decreases the survival of D. villosus in the later stages of infection development. However, the host reproduces earlier in response to the inf…
Urban drinking and driving:comparison of electric scooter and bicycle related accidents in facial fracture patients
2022
In recent years, electric scooters (e-scooter) have emerged as an alternative mode of urban transport due to their availability and effortless use. However, e-scooter-related trauma and injuries, especially to the head, have received wide media coverage and raised public concern about their safety. We aim to determine and compare clinically relevant variables, incidence, and severity between bicycle and e-scooter-related facial fractures and potential protective measures for injury prevention. This retrospective study comprised all patients admitted to a tertiary trauma center with bicycle or e-scooter-related facial fractures between January 2019 and October 2020. Patient- and injury-relat…
Modulació de l'artritis gotosa per dues molècules inhibidores de la caspasa-1
2020
L’artritis gotosa es una de les malalties articulars més freqüents d’artritis inflamatòria. Es produeix per la deposició d’urat monosòdic (MSU) en les articulacions, donant lloc a episodis aguts d’inflamació, que poden ser persistents i arribar a cronificar-se. La fagocitosi dels cristalls d’MSU pels neutròfils i macròfags genera la producció de ROS i l’activació de l’NFkappaB, alliberant citocines i activant l’NLRP3. Aquest inflamasoma indueix l’activació de la caspasa1 i la consegüent producció de les formes actives IL1beta i IL18. Les calcones són un grup de la família dels flavonoides, que han demostrat propietats antiinflamatòries i antiartrítiques, actuant sobre diverses dianes terapè…
First record of Icerya seychellarum and confirmed occurrence of Aulacaspis tubercularis (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in Italy
2020
The Seychelles scale, Icerya seychellarum (Westwood, 1855) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Monophlebidae), is reported for the first time in Italy. Moreover, the occurrence of the white mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis (Newstead, 1906) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Diaspididae), firstly reported in 1990 on mango trees growing outdoors in a nursery near Milazzo (Messina province, Sicily), and then intercepted in 2013 on mango plants imported from Florida (USA) to the Botanical Garden in Padova (Italy), is confirmed. Both species were found in two Sicilian mango orchards located in the province of Messina. Their introduction is most likely due to the orchards planting using infested mango nursery pla…
Changes of ICE protease activities caused by toxic supernatants of dinoflagellates (Prorocentrum species) from marine algal blooms
1999
Summary Marine phytotoxins may become a major health problem for humans because of their ability to contaminate seafood and to cause shellfish poisoning. In this report, the cytotoxic effects and the effects on intracellular caspase activities of culture supernatants from different dinoflagellate Prorocentrum clones were determined. Among the clones tested, P. tepsium BAH ME-140 and P. lima BAH ME-130 K1 and K2 clones but not P. minimum and P. micans were found to be toxic on rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells and rat primary neurons. A significant increase in the specific activities of caspase 1 (ICE), caspase 3 (CPP32) and caspase 6 (Mch2) to 149–167% was observe…
Role of GATA-1 and HSP70 in the Dyserythropoiesis of Early Myelodysplastic Syndromes.
2009
Abstract Abstract 3823 Poster Board III-759 Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by a hypercellular dysplastic bone marrow (BM) with peripheral blood cytopenias, mainly anemia. Early MDS with less than 10% BM blasts which belong in most cases to low and intermediate-1 (int-1) risk groups according to the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS), usually demonstrate dyserythropoiesis. The growth of erythroid progenitors is altered, with increased caspase activation leading to excessive cell death, and cellular dysplasia characterized, in liquid culture of CD34+-derived erythroid progenitors, by a delayed expression of the gly…
Hypoxia-Induced Extracellular Acidosis Increases p-Glycoprotein Activity and Chemoresistance in Tumors in Vivo via p38 Signaling Pathway
2011
Due to inadequate perfusion, tumors develop hypoxia and extracellular acidosis. In vitro, this acidic environment (pH=6.6) has a strong impact on the acitvity of the p-glycoprotein (pGP) drug transporter responsible for multidrug resistance. This effect is most probably mediated via p38 and/or ERK1/2 signalling pathways. The aimof the studywas to analyzewhether these findings also play a role for chemosensitivity in solid growing tumors in vivo. Therefore, experimental R3327-AT1 tumors of the rat were exposed to an acidifying treatment leading to forced glycolysis. The intratumoral pO21 was determined polarographically and the extracellular pH was measured with needle electrodes. In additio…
The Origin of Metazoan Complexity: Porifera as Integrated Animals
2011
SYNOPSIS. Sponges [Porifera] are the phylogenetically oldest metazoan phylum still extant today; they share the closest relationship with the hypothetical common metazoan ancestor, the Urmetazoa. During the past 8 years cDNAs coding for proteins involved in cell-cell- and cell-tissue interaction have been cloned from sponges, primarily from Suberites domuncula and Geodia cydonium and their functions have been studied in vivo as well as in vitro. Also, characteristic elements of the extracellular matrix have been identified and cloned. Those data confirmed that all metazoan phyla originate from one ancestor, the Urmetazoa. The existence of cell adhesion molecules allowed the emergence of a c…
P030 SUCNR1 mediates inflammasome activation: Relevance in Ulcerative Colitis
2021
Abstract Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by a diffuse, continuous, and chronic inflammation of mucosa and submucosa layers in the colon1. Inflammasome complex is involved in the intestinal homeostasis regulation, but its role in UC has not been established yet. We have recently reported that SUCNR1 mediates intestinal inflammation and fibrosis2. We aim to analyze the role of SUCNR1 in inflammasome activation and UC. Methods Intestinal resections from UC and non-IBD patients were obtained. HT29 cells were treated with succinate 1mM and an inflammasome activator cocktail (TNF-α 25ng/ml, IFN-γ 20 ng/ml and LPS 1µg/ml) for 24 hours and transfected with SUCNR1 siRNA. Chronic …