Search results for "CD1"
showing 10 items of 333 documents
Cigarette smoke alters primary human bronchial epithelial cell (PBEC) differentiation at air-liquid interface (ALI) and induces expression of CD105 a…
2016
Dys-regulation of airway epithelial cell function related to cigarette smoke exposure plays an important role in the pathophysiology of COPD. CD105, a component of TGF-β complex, and CD146, an epithelial-mesenchymal transition inducer, are adhesion molecules involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, transmigration and tissue remodelling. After validation of an ex vivo ALI culture of PBEC, we assessed the effect of long-term cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure on epithelium regeneration and differentiation. Endobronchial biopsy specimens (EBBs) were obtained from 8 controls (C) and 9 COPD. ALI cultures from EBBs of C were exposed to CSE for 7, 14, 21 days. Transepithelial Elect…
Host defence mechanisms against bacterial aggression in periodontal disease : basic mechanisms
2009
Periodontal diseases are complex bacteria-induced infections characterised by an inflammatory host response to plaque microbiota and their by-products. Most of these microorganisms have virulence factors capable of causing massive tissue destruction both directly, through tissue invasion and the production of harmful substances, or indirectly, by activation of host defense mechanisms, creating an inflammatory infiltrate of potent catabolic activity that can interfere with normal host defense mechanisms. In response to the aggression, host defense mechanisms activate innate and adaptive immune responses. Our aim is to offer a general overview of the main mechanisms involved in the host respo…
Expression of membrane C1q in human monocyte-derived macrophages is developmentally regulated and enhanced by interferon-γ
2001
The present study investigated when during "in vitro" maturation macrophages (MPhi) express membrane C1q (mC1q), and whether cell activation affects expression and function of mC1q. Although C1q mRNA was repeatedly detected in freshly isolated monocytes using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, C1q protein was observed only in developing MPhi from day 1 to 4 on using immunodetection and flow cytometry. However, the quantity of mC1q and other MPhi membrane proteins differed strikingly in cells from different donors. We report here for the first time that CD14(+) and CD14(-) mC1q-bearing MPhi can develop, and that interferon-gamma increases mC1q display at the cell surface, and m…
Identification of pH-regulated antigen 1 released from Candida albicans as the major ligand for leukocyte integrin alphaMbeta2.
2007
Candida albicans is a common opportunistic fungal pathogen and is the leading cause of invasive fungal disease in immunocompromised individuals. The induction of cell-mediated immunity to C. albicans is of critical importance in host defense and the prime task of cells of the innate immune system. We previously demonstrated that the integrin alpha(M)beta(2) (CD11b/CD18) is the major leukocyte receptor involved in C. albicans recognition, mediating both adhesive and migratory responses to the fungus. In the present study, we demonstrate that various C. albicans strains release a protease-sensitive activity into their conditioned medium that supports alpha(M)beta(2)-mediated cell adhesion and…
A structural insight into the P1 S1 binding mode of diaminoethylphosphonic and phosphinic acids, selective inhibitors of alanine aminopeptidases
2016
Abstract N′-substituted 1,2-diaminoethylphosphonic acids and 1,2-diaminoethylphosphinic dipeptides were explored to unveil the structural context of the unexpected selectivity of these inhibitors of M1 alanine aminopeptidases (APNs) versus M17 leucine aminopeptidase (LAP). The diaminophosphonic acids were obtained via aziridines in an improved synthetic procedure that was further expanded for the phosphinic pseudodipeptide system. The inhibitory activity, measured for three M1 and one M17 metalloaminopeptidases of different sources (bacterial, human and porcine), revealed several potent compounds (e.g., K i = 65 nM of 1u for Hs APN). Two structures of an M1 representative (APN from Neisser…
Immunohistochemical Characterization of Human Synovial Bursa Cells by Light and Transmission Electron Microscopy: Where do These Cells Come From?
2007
En el presente estudio se examinaron bolsas sinoviales humanas a traves de microscopia de luz y electronica de transmision. Para la microscopia de luz, el tejido de las bolsas se tino con Azan, H-E y anticuerpos monoclonales (CD14, CD33, CD36, CD68, laminina). Para la microscopia electronica las bolsas fueron fijadas con solucion de Karnovsky y tetroxido de osmio al 1,5% (Os04) en agua destilada y contrastada con acetato de uranilo al 5% y embebido en Epon®. En primera instada, el fenotipo antigenico fue caracterizado, concluyendose acerca del origen de las celulas que componen la bolsa sinovial. Histologicamente la bolsa fue dividida en dos capas distintas - la intima - la cual es formada …
Pore-forming toxins trigger shedding of receptors for interleukin 6 and lipopolysaccharide.
1996
Cleavage of membrane-associated proteins with the release of biologically active macromolecules is an emerging theme in biology. However, little is known about the nature and regulation of the involved proteases or about the physiological inducers of the shedding process. We here report that rapid and massive shedding of the interleukin 6 receptor (IL-6R) and the lipopolysaccharide receptor (CD14) occurs from primary and transfected cells attacked by two prototypes of pore-forming bacterial toxins, streptolysin O and Escherichia coli hemolysin. Shedding is not induced by an streptolysin O toxin mutant which retains cell binding capacity but lacks pore-forming activity. The toxin-dependent c…
Analysis of the MHC Class I Antigen Presentation Machinery in Human Embryonal Carcinomas: Evidence for Deficiencies in TAP, LMP and MHC Class I Expre…
1998
The expression of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigens is suppressed in early post-implantation embryonic cells as well as in embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, but could be upregulated by treatment with interferon (IFN)-gamma or retinoic acid. In a number of human and murine tumours, defects in the expression of the different components of the MHC class I antigen processing machinery, such as the proteasomal subunits LMP-2 and LMP-7 and the peptide transporters TAP-1 and TAP-2, account for impaired MHC class I surface expression. Here, we analysed the constitutive and IFN-gamma regulated mRNA and protein expression of the LMP, TAP and MHC class I molecules in the human …
The Transporter Associated With Antigen Processing (TAP): Structural Integrity, Expression, Function, and Its Clinical Relevance
2001
BACKGROUND: The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP), a member of the family of ABC transporters, plays a crucial role in the processing and presentation of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I restricted antigens. TAP transports peptides from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum, thereby selecting peptides matching in length and sequence to respective MHC class I molecules. Upon loading on MHC class I molecules, the trimeric MHC class I/beta2-microglobulin/ peptide complex is then transported to the cell surface and presented to CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. Abnormalities in MHC class I surface expression have been found in a number of different malignancies, …
Mononuclear Cells in Exudative Malignant Pleural Effusions
1994
The aims of this study were to develop a methodology for the isolation of highly enriched mononuclear phagocyte populations from exudative malignant pleural effusions (EMPE) and to characterize the phenotype and functional properties of these cells. Pleural effusion mononuclear cells (PEMC) were isolated by Ficoll centrifugation of EMPE and transudative pleural effusions and allowed to adhere to plastic for 1 h to obtain a pleural effusion mononuclear adherent cell (PEMAC) fraction. Only 66.0±4.2 percent of PEMAC ingested latex particles, indicating that a significant proportion of PEMAC were not phagocytic cells. Latex-positive PEMAC had the morphologic appearance of macrophages and staine…