Search results for "CD4+"
showing 10 items of 566 documents
Surveillance of spontaneous breast cancer metastasis by TRAIL-expressing CD34⁺ cells in a xenograft model
2012
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), delivered as a membrane-bound molecule expressed on the surface of adenovirus-transduced CD34+ cells (CD34-TRAIL+), was analyzed for its apoptotic activity in vitro on 12 breast cancer cell lines representing estrogen receptor-positive, HER2+ and triple-negative (TN) subtypes and for its effect on tumor growth, vascularization, necrosis, and lung metastasis incidence in NOD/SCID mice xenografted with the TN breast cancer line MDA-MB-231. Mesenchymal TN cell lines, which are the richest in putative tumor stem cells among the different breast cancer cell subtypes, were the most susceptible to apoptosis induced by CD34-TRAIL+ cel…
Ultramicro-trauma in the endometrial-myometrial junctional zone and pale cell migration in adenomyosis
2015
Objective To determine if ultrastructural tissue trauma occurs in the junctional zone in uteri in adenomyosis. Design A case-control experimental study. Setting Endometriosis research center. Patient(s) Twelve uteri with adenomyosis, and 9 uteri without adenomyosis, were gained during laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. Intervention(s) Transmission electron microscopic study of the junctional zone, as well as immunohistochemical staining for epithelial cadherin, and van Gieson staining and immunofluorescence for CD45 and CD68. Main Outcome Measure(s) Analysis of the electron microscopy photos and the immunoreactive scores of the staining. Result(s) The inner myometrial muscle fibers …
Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease-report of two further cases with an immunohistochemical analysis
1994
Summary Transfusion-associated graft-vs.-host disease (tGVHD) is a severe disease usually affecting immunocompromised hosts with haematological neoplasia. Two patients with acute leukaemia are reported, who developed fatal tGVHD after blood transfusions. Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and endothelial leucocyte adhesion molecule 1 (ELAM-1) expression and the CD4/CD8 ratio were assessed in lesional skin. ICAM-1 was strongly expressed on epidermal keratinocytes and endothelial cells (EC) and correlated with HLA-DR staining. VCAM-1 was strongly expressed on EC in the superficial dermal vessels. ELAM-1 stained weakly on EC in some of the su…
Factors Associated with Nonsuppression of HIV Infection in the Spanish VACH Cohort.
2020
We aim to determine the prevalence of HIV nonsuppression and factors associated with it. This is a cross-sectional multicenter study carried out in January 2016 with data of the VACH Cohort, a registry participated by 23 hospitals from most regions of Spain. The prevalence of HIV nonsuppression, defined as HIV RNA ≥200 copies/mL, is documented. The possible association of HIV nonsuppression with sociodemographic and clinical variables is assessed with a logistic regression analysis. A total of 30,843 adult patients are included; 7,358 of them (23.86%) have nonsuppressed HIV. An association is found between nonsuppression of HIV and the following variables: lower body mass index, lower age o…
Structural and functional analysis of integrin alpha2I domain interaction with echovirus 1.
2004
Integrins are cell surface receptors for several microbial pathogens including echovirus 1 (EV1), a picornavirus. Cryo-electron microscopy revealed that the functional domain (alpha(2)I) of human alpha(2)beta(1) integrin binds to a surface depression on the EV1 capsid. This three-dimensional structure of EV1 bound to alpha(2)I domain provides the first structural details of an integrin interacting with a picornavirus. The model indicates that alpha(2)beta(1) integrin cannot simultaneously bind both EV1 and the physiological ligand collagen. Compared with collagen binding to the alpha(2)I domain, the virus binds with a 10-fold higher affinity but in vitro uncoating of EV1 was not observed as…
Enhanced in vivo targeting of murine nonparenchymal liver cells with monophosphoryl lipid A functionalized microcapsules.
2014
A broad spectrum of infectious liver diseases emphasizes the need of microparticles for targeted delivery of immunomodulatory substances to the liver. Microcapsules (MCs) are particularly attractive for innovative drug and vaccine formulations, enabling the combination of antigen, drugs, and adjuvants. The present study aimed to develop microcapsules characterized by an enhanced liver deposition and accelerated uptake by nonparenchymal liver cells (NPCs). Initially, two formulations of biodegradable microcapsules were synthesized from either hydroxyethyl starch (HES) or mannose. Notably, HES-MCs accumulated primarily in the liver, while mannose particles displayed a lung preference. Functio…
Clustering induces a lateral redistribution of α2β1 integrin from membrane rafts to caveolae and subsequent protein kinase C-dependent internalization
2004
Integrin alpha 2 beta 1 mediates the binding of several epithelial and mesenchymal cell types to collagen. The composition of the surrounding plasma membrane, especially caveolin-1- and cholesterol-containing membrane structures called caveolae, may be important to integrin signaling. On cell surface alpha 2 beta 1 integrin was located in the raft like membrane domain, rich in GPI-anchored proteins, rather than in caveolae. However, when antibodies were used to generate clusters of alpha 2 beta 1 integrin, they started to move laterally on cell surface along actin filaments. During the lateral movement small clusters fused together. Finally alpha 2 beta 1 integrin was found inside caveolae …
Characterization of the interstitial lung and peripheral blood T cell receptor repertoire in cigarette smokers.
2005
T lymphocytes modulate the pulmonary inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clonality within the interstitial lung and peripheral blood T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in smokers. Interstitial T lymphocytes were isolated from surplus tissue of 16 patients (63 +/- 9 [+/- SD] yr old, 11 male) undergoing surgery due to lung cancer (n = 15) or emphysema. TCR clonality was assessed by PCR amplification followed by spectratyping. Nearly all TCR of interstitial lung lymphocytes showed oligoclonal bands (CD4(+) subset 13/16 patients, 81%; CD8(+) 100%) indicating a specific differentiation. Peripheral blood T lymphocytes (PBL) TCR (especially CD4(+)) had less oligoclonal b…
CD40 ligation protects bronchial epithelium against oxidant-induced caspase-independent cell death.
2006
KEYWORDS CLASSIFICATION: 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide;Antigens,CD40;Apoptosis;Bronchi;cytology;Caspases;Cell Cycle;Cell Death;Cell Line,Transformed;Cell Survival;Cell Transformation,Viral;Cytoprotection;drug effects;Epithelial Cells;Humans;Italy;mechanisms of carcinogenesis;metabolism;Oxidants;pharmacology;physiology;Research;Simian virus 40;toxicity;Transcription Factor AP-1. CD40 and its ligand regulate pleiotropic biological responses, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In many inflammatory lung diseases, tissue damage by environmental or endogenous oxidants plays a major role in disease pathogenesis. As the epithelial barrier is a major t…
Contribution of bronchial biopsies in the evaluation of pathogenesis and progression of COPD.
2016
This review summarizes and discusses the lung pathology of COPD patients emphasising on inflammatory cell phenotypes and mechanisms which prevail in different clinical conditions. In bronchial biopsies a series of events takes place during the progression of the disease from mild to severe. T-lymphocytes, particularly CD8+ cells and macrophages are the prevalent inflammatory cells in the lungs of healthy smokers and patients with mild/moderate COPD. This T-cell activation seems to be sustained by CD4+, CD8+ cells and macrophages expressing transcription factors and Tc1 cytokines such as NF-kB, STAT4 and IFNγ. In contrast, severe disease is characterized by lymphocytes producing greater amo…