Search results for "CHANGEMENT"

Le projet d'établissement au défi du sens et de la complexité

2014

National audience

Physiological advantages of dwarfing in surviving extinctions in high-CO2 oceans

2015

Excessive CO 2 in the present-day ocean-atmosphere system is causing ocean acidification, and is likely to cause a severe biodiversity decline in the future, mirroring effects in many past mass extinctions. Fossil records demonstrate that organisms surviving such events were often smaller than those before, a phenomenon called the Lilliput effect. Here, we show that two gastropod species adapted to acidified seawater at shallow-water CO 2 seeps were smaller than those found in normal pH conditions and had higher mass-specific energy consumption but significantly lower whole-animal metabolic energy demand. These physiological changes allowed the animals to maintain calcification and to parti…

RVVS 2013

2013

Les managers ont-il le pouvoir de changer la GRH dans les établissements d’hospitalisation ?

2012

Depuis le début des années 1980 dans les pays occidentaux, les hôpitaux et les cliniques sont contraints par les gouvernements de contenir leurs dépenses (Bach, 1996). Cette politique a induit des changements organisationnels afin d’obtenir des gains de productivité. Des normes de qualité ont aussi été introduites pour favoriser de nouvelles pratiques notamment en matière de management. Dans ce contexte, les gestionnaires, aux pouvoirs élargis du fait des réglementations, ont introduit des pratiques de GRH de type individualisant opposées à celles plus collectives en vigueur jusqu’alors (Storey, Bacon, 1993 ; Pichault, Nizet, 2000). Si le contexte externe semble expliquer cette évolution, c…

Effet de l'environnement sur l'interaction entre les gammares (Crustacea : Amphipoda) et leurs parasites manipulateurs acanthocéphales

2016

Many parasites with complex life cycle have developed the ability to alter the phenotype of their hosts. It is recognized that such changes in appearance and behavior are responsible for an increase in the probability of predation of their intermediate hosts by their definitive hosts. This phenomenon of parasite manipulation can have numerous consequences at the scale of the ecosystem, modifying the interactions between host populations and altering their ecological role. However, manipulative parasites received little attention from an ecological point of view. Thus, the effect of the environment on the interaction between these parasites and their hosts, in particular in terms of manipula…

Winter long dry spells in the Mediterranean basin and associated atmospheric conditions : contemporary and future variability (1957-2100)

2017

In the context of climate change, as reflected by a dryer Mediterraneanbasin, this thesis focused on the study of the contemporary and future variability(1957-2100) of the wintertime (September to April) very long dryspells events (called VLDSe) in the Mediterranean basin. An original methodologywas developed in this thesis in order to define VLDSe as singularclimatic events, characterized by location, duration and spatial extent criteria.76 VLDSe were detected in the Mediterranean basin on the contemporaryperiod (1957-2013). These events are divided into 4 main geographicalpatterns: North-East, West, Scattered Localized and South-East. North-East and West configurations are associated with…

Pas de titre

2011

A number of phonetic and phonological changes have lately been observed in most geographical varieties of British English. This phenomenon seems to have been accelerated by increasing social and geographical mobility in the past decades. Based on a corpus mainly consisting of several hours of spontaneous interaction between a number of native NW Yorkshire speakers divided into different age groups, this research identifies and analyses several segmental and suprasegmental innovations observed in apparent time in a set of accents associated with a circumscribed geographical area. This thesis discusses the motivation behind some of these changes and addresses the question of whether the same …

"Being Flexible": graduates Facing Changes in Their Work Environment

2011

According to the crucial importance of innovation for modern economies, the role of graduates regarding innovation appears to be a major topic when their performances in the labour market at stake. Five main questions are addressed in this chapter: (1) What does innovation mean? (2) Which organisations are likely to be more innovative? (3) What role do Higher Education graduates play regarding innovation? (4) Are they equipped to do develop innovation? (5) Which are the occupations more related to innovation, and are innovative activities rewarded? The results presented in this chapter confirm that higher education graduates are crucial actors in the innovation process. The jobs of innovati…

Impacts climatiques induits par un lac artificiel: apport de l'analyse spatial sous R

2015

International audience; La région des chotts, large dépression salée située au Sud de la chaîne montagneuse Atlas Aurès, s'étend entre le Nord Est de l'Algérie et le Sud de la Tunisie. Ces chotts, situés pour la majorité au dessous du niveau de la mer et vu la nature du terrain (sédiments argileux couverts de croûtes de sels et de gypse) et le climat aride de la zone, forment des étendues d'eau salée partiellement immergées pendant la saison pluvieuse mais sont à sec et couverts par une mince pellicule de sels durant le reste de l'année. L'idée de créer dans ces chotts une "Mer intérieure" date de 1874 et consiste à ramener par le biais d'un canal les eaux de la Méditerranée depuis le golfe…

Une approche communicationnelle de la professionnalisation au sein des Instituts de formation en soins infirmiers en France

2013

Dans un contexte de fortes mutations et de réflexion autour du devenir des métiers de la santé et de l’appareil de formation qui leur est dédié en France, les formateurs et les directeurs des Instituts de Formation en Soins Infirmiers sont amenés à travailler à la construction et à la promotion du projet pédagogique de leur établissement. Au quotidien, leurs pratiques individuelles montrent combien leur lecture de la réalité de travail est singulière et se trouve en partie corrélée à leur professionnalité. A partir des significations que chacun d’eux exprime, la coopération entre ces professionnels semble se construire très progressivement à la croisée des problématiques communicationnelles…