Search results for "CHARGE"
showing 10 items of 4686 documents
Buildup of Ultrathin Multilayer Films by a Self-Assembly Process: II. Consecutive Adsorption of Anionic and Cationic Bipolar Amphiphiles and Polyelec…
1991
We have recently reported on the consecutive physisorption of anionic and cationic bipolar amphiphiles onto charged surfaces, adsorbed out of aqueous solutions [1]. Here, we extend our previous concept to multipolar compounds such as polyelectrolytes. In contrast to the bipolar amphiphile system, it is not necessary to separate single charges by a rigid unit, when the polyelectrolyte is adsorbed from sufficiently concentrated solutions. In this case the physisorbed layer does not bind with all ionic groups to the surface and exposes free ionic groups at the new film/solution interface. Therefore a polyelectrolyte layer can replace a layer of bipolar amphiphiles in the consecutive buildup of…
Microscopic Insights into the Fluorite/Water Interfaces from Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy
2016
Water/mineral interfaces are central to a wide range of environmental and technological processes. In this report we provide a quantitative, molecular-level understanding of the CaF2/water interface using Density Functional Theory-based molecular dynamics simulations. In particular through the comparison of calculated Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation spectra to the experimental ones, we give a structural characterisation of the interface at different pH. At low pH, the surface is positively charged, causing a substantial degree of water ordering. Our results suggest that the surface charge originates from the dissolution of fluoride ions of the topmost layer, rather than from proton ads…
A Study of Maternal Competence in Preterm Birth Condition, during the Transition from Hospital to Home: An Early Intervention Program’s Proposal
2021
The study was conducted with 104 mothers (average age 32.5 years, SD 6.1) of preterm infants (very and moderately preterm but still healthy) to monitor the perceived maternal role competence from the time of hospitalisation to post-discharge, in order to define an intervention program to support mothers during this transition. A targeted Q-Sort tool (Maternal Competence Q-Sort in preterm birth) was applied at two different times as a self-observation tool for parenting competence in neonatology. A tendency towards dysregulation of the maternal role competence was detected, mainly in terms of low self-assessment and was found to worsen during post-discharge, particularly with regard to careg…
Evaluation of the effect of an intervention on the nutritional status of hospitalized patients
2017
Abstract Background and objectives To compare the nutritional status of a population of hospitalized patients, divided into 2 different groups, both at admission and hospital discharge, and to assess the influence of nutritional alteration during the hospital stay. Material and methods Quasi-experimental study comprising 2 groups of patients (N = 581): an intervention group (n = 303), in which nurses received specific training on managing care methodology, and a control group (n = 278), in which nurses continued their usual dynamics. Each group was made up of 2 care units with patients from both surgical and medical specialties. Inclusion criteria: patients admitted to the selected units wi…
Incidence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism following hospitalization for coronavirus disease 2019: Prospective results from a multi-center study
2021
Background Thrombosis and pulmonary embolism appear to be major causes of mortality in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. However, few studies have focused on the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after hospitalization for COVID-19. Methods In this multi-center study, we followed 1529 COVID-19 patients for at least 45 days after hospital discharge, who underwent routine telephone follow-up. In case of signs or symptoms of pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep vein thrombosis (DVT), they were invited for an in-hospital visit with a pulmonologist. The primary outcome was symptomatic VTE within 45 days of hospital discharge. Results Of 1529 COVID-19 patients discharge…
Diagnostics upon Hospital Release of Immigrants in the City of Valencia, Spain (2001-2002)
2003
Fundamento: La inmigracion en Espana se ha incrementado de forma notable en la ultima decada. Por razones teoricas se ha planteado que esta poblacion pudiera ser responsable de un aumento de la incidencia y/o transmision de enfermedades infecciosas. Sin embargo, existen escasos estudios acerca de las enfermedades de este colectivo que permitan conocer la importancia de esta afirmacion. El objetivo de este estudio es cuantificar la atencion hospitalaria a esta poblacion en la ciudad de Valencia. Metodos: Se obtuvieron los registros de altas de los Servicios de Admision de los hospitales publicos de la ciudad de Valencia. Se desarrollo un estudio observacional retrospectivo para el ano compre…
Frequency and Indications of Parenteral Nutrition in an Acute Palliative Care Unit
2015
The aim of this study was to estimate the use of parenteral nutrition (PN) in advanced cancer patients enrolled in an acute pain relief and palliative care unit of a comprehensive cancer center and the appropriateness of the criteria to select patients for PN. Fourteen out of 750 patients (1.8%) admitted to an acute palliative care unit were administered PN. Patients were referred from various settings. The mean age was 58 yr (range 37-79), and 9 were males. The mean hospital stay was 7.7 days (range 3-14), and the mean Karnofsky level was 35 (range 10-50). The principal indication was bowel obstruction. Ten patients (71%) were already receiving PN before admission, and 2 of them discontinu…
Latency of interictal epileptiform discharges in long-term EEG recordings in epilepsy patients.
2015
AbstractPurposeTo assess the latency of interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) and seizures in long-term EEG recordings of patients with epilepsy.MethodIED latency was measured in 210 consecutive patients (mean (SD) age 38.6±13.9 years) with active epilepsy and the relationship to clinical variables was analyzed retrospectively. Median duration of EEG recording was 101.5h (95% confidence interval [CI] 92 to 117h).ResultsIEDs were absent in 45 (21.4%) and present in 165 (78.6%) patients who had a longer duration (p<0.001) and early onset (p<0.01) of epilepsy and more often had IEDs in prior standard EEGs (p<0.01), a structural etiology (OR 2.4, CI: 2.1–2.7), or temporal lobe epilepsy (OR 9…
The use of proton pump inhibitors in an Italian hospital: focus on oncologic and critical non-ICU patients
2015
Background Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most misused drugs both at the community and hospital level. Recently, possible risks have been underscored, suggesting the importance of limiting PPI use to proven indications. Objective To survey the appropriateness of PPI use in a University hospital in Italy. Setting Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico ‘P. Giaccone’, in Palermo, Italy. Method A one day-observational study, reviewing patients’ medical records to identify treatments with PPIs and the indications for their use. After discharge, a subgroup of the cohort was followed up to assess the continuation of therapy at home. Appropriateness was evaluated according to th…
Improved drug-use patterns at 6 months post-discharge from inpatient substance use disorder treatment: Results from compulsorily and voluntarily admi…
2016
Background Treatment services to patients with substance use disorders (SUDs), including those mandated to treatment, needs to be evaluated and evidence based. The Norwegian Municipal Health Care Act calls for mandated treatment for persons with “severe and life-threatening substance use disorder” if these individuals are not otherwise willing to be voluntarily treated and consequently risk their lives over drug use. This study aims to examine substance use–related outcomes at 6 months following inpatient treatment and to analyse factors associated with improved outcomes and abstinence. Method This prospective study followed 202 hospitalized patients with SUD who were admitted voluntarily (…