Search results for "CHF"

showing 10 items of 44 documents

From Continuous to Discontinuous Transitions in Social Diffusion

2018

Models of social diffusion reflect processes of how new products, ideas or behaviors are adopted in a population. These models typically lead to a continuous or a discontinuous phase transition of the number of adopters as a function of a control parameter. We explore a simple model of social adoption where the agents can be in two states, either adopters or non-adopters, and can switch between these two states interacting with other agents through a network. The probability of an agent to switch from non-adopter to adopter depends on the number of adopters in her network neighborhood, the adoption threshold $T$ and the adoption coefficient $a$, two parameters defining a Hill function. In c…

Physics - Physics and SocietyPhase transitionMaterials Science (miscellaneous)PopulationBiophysicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Society (physics.soc-ph)Parameter space01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasTranscritical bifurcation0103 physical sciencesStatistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicseducationadoptionMathematical PhysicsMathematicseducation.field_of_studymean-fieldFunction (mathematics)Empirical measurelcsh:QC1-999Pitchfork bifurcationphase transitionOrdinary differential equationsocial contagionspreadinglcsh:PhysicsFrontiers in Physics
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Asymmetric balance in symmetry breaking

2020

Spontaneous symmetry breaking is central to our understanding of physics and explains many natural phenomena, from cosmic scales to subatomic particles. Its use for applications requires devices with a high level of symmetry, but engineered systems are always imperfect. Surprisingly, the impact of such imperfections has barely been studied, and restricted to a single asymmetry. Here, we experimentally study spontaneous symmetry breaking with two controllable asymmetries. We remarkably find that features typical of spontaneous symmetry breaking, while destroyed by one asymmetry, can be restored by introducing a second asymmetry. In essence, asymmetries are found to balance each other. Our st…

Physicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectSpontaneous symmetry breakingFOS: Physical sciencesPattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)Polarization (waves)Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and SolitonsAsymmetryNonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing SystemsNonlinear systemTheoretical physicsPitchfork bifurcationSymmetry breakingSubatomic particleAdaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)QCBifurcationPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)media_commonPhysical Review Research
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Timing of Renal Replacement Therapy for Severe Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients

2019

Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects many ICU patients and is responsible for increased morbidity and mortality. Although lifesaving in many situations, renal replacement therapy (RRT) may be associated with complications, and the appropriate timing of its initiation is still the subject of intense debate. An early initiation strategy can prevent some metabolic complications, whereas a delayed one may allow for renal function recovery in some patients without need for this costly and potentially dangerous technique. For years, most of the knowledge on this issue stemmed from observational studies or small randomized controlled trials. Recent randomized controlled trials have indicated that a w…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyHyperkalemiamedicine.medical_treatmentRenal functionurologic and male genital diseasesCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicinelaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawmedicine030212 general & internal medicineRenal replacement therapyIntensive care medicinebusiness.industryAcute kidney injurymedicine.diseasePulmonary edemafemale genital diseases and pregnancy complications030228 respiratory systemObservational studymedicine.symptombusinessWatchful waitingAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
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Systemic Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Who Is a Candidate?

2017

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a major cause of both acute and long-term morbidity for a large number of patients worldwide, and massive PE is frequently fatal. Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a key determinant of prognosis in the acute phase of PE. Patients with clinically overt RV failure, that is, with cardiogenic shock or persistent hypotension at presentation (acute high-risk PE), are clearly in need of immediate reperfusion treatment with systemic thrombolysis or, alternatively, surgical or catheter-directed techniques. On the other hand, within the large group of patients presenting without hemodynamic instability, the bleeding risk of full-dose intravenous thrombolytic treatment h…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyVentricular Dysfunction Rightmedicine.medical_treatmentHemodynamicsSalvage therapy030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicine03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineFibrinolytic AgentsInternal medicineFibrinolysismedicineHumansThrombolytic TherapyDecompensation030212 general & internal medicineWatchful WaitingIntensive care medicineSalvage Therapybusiness.industryCardiogenic shockAnticoagulantsThrombolysisPrognosismedicine.diseasePulmonary embolismAcute DiseaseCardiologyPulmonary EmbolismbusinessWatchful waitingSeminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
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A special case of murder committed by pitchfork

2011

The autors describe a murder case, happened in a rural environment, done with an agricultural instrument with "four peak". The use of agricultural instruments to commit a murder, frequent in the past, nowadays is unusual if not in a rural environment.

Settore MED/43 - Medicina Legalestab wounds pitchfork homicides
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The Relationship Between Tooth Size Discrepancy and Archform Classification in Orthodontic Patients

2015

Background: To determine the relationship between clinically significant tooth size discrepancies (TSD) and archform classification in orthodontic patients. Material and Methods: Two hundred and forty consecutive sets of pre-treatment orthodontic study models were scanned and landmarked. All models had permanent teeth erupted from first molar to first molar in both arches. Sixty sets of images were classified into two groups of 30 according to the presence (group 1) or absence (group 2) of a clinically significant overall or anterior TSD (>2 SD from Bolton’s original means). Mean upper and lower archforms were created for each group using a fourth degree polynomial curve. Upper and lower ar…

Tooth size discrepancyOdontologíaBioinformaticsMandibular first molarsymbols.namesakeCohen's kappaStatistical significanceBolton discrepancyMedicineTOOTH SIZEGeneral DentistryFisher's exact testPermanent teethOrthodonticsarchform classification.business.industryResearchEsthetic Dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Ciencias de la saludConfidence intervalDentistryUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASsymbolsTooth Sizepolynomial curvedigital modelsbusinessArchform
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Hirnabsze� durch fehlerhafte Crutchfield-Zange

1973

Mitteilung uber einen Fall von Hirnabszes nach Anwendung der Crutch-field-Zange. Ursache: Fehlende Kropfung am Dorn der Zange, der so den gesamten Schadelknochen und die Dura mater durchdringen konnte. Unerlaslich ist eine ausreichende Kropfung am Ansatzdorn der Zange und die Anlage des Bohrlochs parietal, nicht, wie vielfach durchgefuhrt, in der dunneren Temporalschuppe.

medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMedicineCrutchfield tongsSurgeryInterventional radiologyNeurology (clinical)Anatomybusinessmedicine.diseaseBrain abscessNeuroradiologyActa Neurochirurgica
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Whole body magnetic resonance in indolent lymphomas under watchful waiting: The time is now.

2017

The indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas (i-NHLs) are characterised by ‘indolent’ clinical behaviour with slow growth and prolonged natural history. The watchful waiting (WW) strategy is a frequently employed treatment option in these patients. This implies a strict monitoring by imaging examinations, including 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) and CT. A major concern is radiation exposure due to regularly monitoring by conventional imaging procedures. Several studies have demonstrated the reliability of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) for lymphoma staging. WB-MRI could be useful for active surveillance in i-NHLs providing the …

medicine.medical_specialtyLymphomamedicine.medical_treatmentWhole body imaging030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesMagnetic resonance imaging0302 clinical medicineimmune system diseaseshemic and lymphatic diseasesmedicinemedia_common.cataloged_instanceHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingWhole Body ImagingEuropean unionWatchful WaitingNeuroradiologymedia_commonmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryLymphoma Non-HodgkinReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingInterventional radiologyGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseLymphomaRadiation therapyDiffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDisease ProgressionIonising radiationRadiologybusinessWatchful waitingEuropean radiology
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The 2016 European Thyroid Association/European Group on Graves' Orbitopathy Guidelines for the Management of Graves' Orbitopathy

2015

Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is the main extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease, though severe forms are rare. Management of GO is often suboptimal, largely because available treatments do not target pathogenic mech anisms of the disease. Treatment should rely on a thorough assessment of the activity and severity of GO and its impact on the patient's quality of life. Local measures (artificial tears, ointments and dark glasses) and control of risk factors for progression (smoking and thyroid dysfunction) are recommended for all patients. In mild GO, a watchful strategy is usually sufficient, but a 6-month course of selenium supplementation is effective in improving mild manifestations …

medicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsCyclosporine; Eyelid surgery; Glucocorticoids; Graves' orbitopathy; Orbital decompression; Orbital radiotherapy; Rituximab; Selenium; Squint surgeryEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentMedizin030209 endocrinology & metabolismDiseaseGuidelines03 medical and health sciencesGraves' orbitopathySeleniumEndocrinology0302 clinical medicineQuality of lifemedicineEyelid surgeryOrbital radiotherapyGlucocorticoidsbusiness.industryCumulative doseThyroideye diseasesSurgeryDiabetes and MetabolismOrbital decompressionArtificial tearsmedicine.anatomical_structureMethylprednisolone030221 ophthalmology & optometryCyclosporineRituximabSquint surgerybusinessRituximabWatchful waitingCyclosporine; Eyelid surgery; Glucocorticoids; Graves' orbitopathy; Orbital decompression; Orbital radiotherapy; Rituximab; Selenium; Squint surgery; Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.drug
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The dilemma for patients with chronic hepatitis C: treat now or warehouse?

2013

Dual therapy with peginterferon and ribavirin, the only treatent for chronic hepatitis C available In Italy and in many other ountries worldwide up to 2013, obtains satisfactory response ates in infections with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 2, but far rom optimal for other genotypes [1,2]. Eradication requires 6–12 onths of therapy, with significant inconvenience for patients: dverse reactions force premature termination in about 20% of atients and reduced the quality of life for almost all who persist n treatment. In view of the important and prolonged side effects, nterferon-based treatment is perceived as a nightmare by many symptomatic,well-being, socially activepatients (the largema…

medicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsTime FactorsProlineHepatitis C virusAlpha interferonmedicine.disease_causeAntiviral AgentsTelaprevirPolyethylene Glycolschemistry.chemical_compoundLiver diseaseBoceprevirDrug DiscoveryRibavirinmedicineHumansProtease InhibitorsAdverse effectWatchful WaitingDrug CarriersHepatologybusiness.industryRibavirinGastroenterologyInterferon-alphaHepatitis C Chronicmedicine.diseaseSurgeryEastern europeanchemistryHCVDrug Therapy CombinationbusinessOligopeptidesmedicine.drugDigestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver
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