Search results for "CHS"

showing 10 items of 313 documents

Effects of Frequency Dependence of the External Quantum Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells

2018

Perovskite solar cells are known to show very long response time scales, on the order of milliseconds to seconds. This generates considerable doubt over the validity of the measured external quantum efficiency (EQE) and consequently the estimation of the short-circuit current density. We observe a variation as high as 10% in the values of the EQE of perovskite solar cells for different optical chopper frequencies between 10 and 500 Hz, indicating a need to establish well-defined protocols of EQE measurement. We also corroborate these values and obtain new insights regarding the working mechanisms of perovskite solar cells from intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy measurements, iden…

Materials sciencemetal drawingPerovskite solar cell02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesperovskite solar cellsGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyperovskitePerovskite (structure)PhotocurrentResistive touchscreenbusiness.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyquantum theory0104 chemical sciencesefficiencysolar cellsOptical chopperOptoelectronicsQuantum efficiency0210 nano-technologybusinessCurrent density
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Metal frame as local protection of superconducting films from thermomagnetic avalanches

2016

Thermomagnetic avalanches in superconducting films propagating extremely fast while forming unpredictable patterns, represent a serious threat for the performance of devices based on such materials. It is shown here that a normal-metal frame surrounding a selected region inside the film area can provide efficient protection from the avalanches during their propagation stage. Protective behavior is confirmed by magneto-optical imaging experiments on NbN films equipped with Cu and Al frames, and also by performing numerical simulations. Experimentally, it is found that while conventional flux creep is not affected by the frames, the dendritic avalanches are partially or fully screened by them…

Materials sciencemetal framesthermomagnetic avalanchesFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyFluxchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)AluminiumCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsSuperconductivitysuperconducting filmsResistive touchscreenta114Condensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityConductanceThermomagnetic convection021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAvalanche breakdownlcsh:QC1-999Creepchemistry0210 nano-technologylcsh:PhysicsAIP Advances
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Error Estimates of Uzawa Iteration Method for a Class of Bingham Fluids

2015

The paper is concerned with fully guaranteed and computable bounds of errors generated by Uzawa type methods for variational problems in the theory of visco-plastic fluids. The respective estimates have two forms. The first form contains global constants (such as the constant in the Friedrichs inequality for the respective domain), and the second one is based upon decomposition of the domain into a collection of subdomains and uses local constants associated with subdomains.

Mathematical optimizationClass (set theory)Uzawa iterationApplied mathematicsFriedrichs' inequalityType (model theory)Constant (mathematics)Bingham plasticDomain (mathematical analysis)Mathematics
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We need more replication research – A case for test-retest reliability

2017

Following debates in psychology on the importance of replication research, we have also started to see pleas for a more prominent role for replication research in medical education. To enable replication research, it is of paramount importance to carefully study the reliability of the instruments we use. Cronbach’s alpha has been the most widely used estimator of reliability in the field of medical education, notably as some kind of quality label of test or questionnaire scores based on multiple items or of the reliability of assessment across exam stations. However, as this narrative review outlines, Cronbach’s alpha or alternative reliability statistics may complement but not replace psyc…

Medical education3304media_common.quotation_subjectApplied psychologyReview ArticleMultilevel analysisbehavioral disciplines and activities050105 experimental psychologyEducation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCronbach's alphaReplication (statistics)0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesGeneralizability theoryQuality (business)030212 general & internal medicineCRONBACHS ALPHAReliability (statistics)media_commonCronbach’s alpha05 social sciencesMultilevel model2700COGNITIVE LOAD MEASURESCronbach's alphahumanitiesTest (assessment)Test-retest reliabilityNarrative reviewCOEFFICIENTFactor analysisPsychology
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VET workers’ problem-solving skills in technology-rich environments: European approach

2014

International journal for research in vocational education and training 1 (2014) 1, S. 57-80

MedienkompetenzCoping (psychology)EngineeringEconomicsErwachsenenbildungIndikatorenbildungArbeitsplatzBerufs- und WirtschaftspädagogikMedia competence370 Erziehung Schul- und Bildungswesen20100Adult educationPedagogyPIAACoccupationEmpirische Bildungsforschungta516Statistical analysisInternationaler VergleichTechnology-rich environmentsInternational comparisonOccupational Research Occupational Sociologylcsh:LC8-6691Problem solvingadultindicatorProblembewältigungWirtschaftvocational educationcopingEuropejobBerufsbildungVocational educationAdults with vocational education and training; Large-scale assessment; PIAAC; Technology-rich environments; Problem-solving; Workplace skillsPIAAC <Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies>370 EducationEuropalcsh:EducationCross national comparisonErziehung Schul- und BildungswesenProblem-solvingconstruction of indicatorsCross-national comparisonAdult trainingProblemlösenMedia skillsEducationErwachsenerAssessment dataddc:370ddc:330QualificationBerufsforschung BerufssoziologieCompetence (human resources)Berufliche Kompetenzlcsh:Special aspects of educationbusiness.industryIndikatorBerufLarge-scale assessmentSkill developmentAdult educationWorkplace skillsVETlcsh:LbusinessQualifikation
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Teacher trainees' experiences of the components of ICT competencies and key factors in ICT competence development in work-based vocational teacher tr…

2022

International journal for research in vocational education and training 9 (2022) 2, S. 146-166

MedienkompetenzLehrerausbildungBerufsschuleeducational technologyDigitale MedienPupil EvaluationBerufs- und WirtschaftspädagogikMedia competence370 Erziehung Schul- und Bildungswesendigitalizationammatilliset opettajat20100Questionnaire surveyinformation technologytyössäoppiminenComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONFragebogenerhebungBildung und ErziehungFinlandWork-Based Learningteaching staffWork-Based Learning; Teacher ICT Competencies; Vocational Education and Training VETUtilization of mediavocational educationInformations- und KommunikationstechnologieLehre und Studium Professionalisierung und Ethik Organisationen und Verbände der ErziehungswissenschaftVocational Training Adult EducationLehrpersonalcommunication technologyStudent teachersneue TechnologieBerufsbildungTeacher ICT Competenciesnew technologyLernumgebungEducational Environment370 EducationLehramtsstudentKompetenzInhaltsanalyseDigitalisierungLeistungsbeurteilungTeacher educationInteractionErziehung Schul- und Bildungswesentieto- ja viestintätekniikkaVocational school for apprenticescompetenceMedia skillsEducationBildungswesen quartärer Bereich BerufsbildungAchievement testddc:370Qualitative researchErwachsenenbildung / WeiterbildungMediennutzungVocational Education and TrainingKommunikationstechnologieddc:330LehrerbildungTraining Teaching and Studying Professional Organizations of Education and PedagogicsComputerunterstütztes VerfahrenUtilisation of mediaInformationstechnologieInteraktionTeacher TrainingLearning environmentQualitative ForschungTechnological Changeberufliche Weiterbildungammatillinen opettajankoulutusFinnlandadvanced vocational educationTeacher trainingAchievement measurementammatillinen kehitysBildungstechnologiekompetenssiVET10600Content analysis
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Meiofauna as indicator for assessing the impact of fish farming at exposed marine site

2012

This study aimed to detect the impact of organic loads due to biodeposition from a fish farm in an exposed area of the Strait of Sicily, Mediterranean Sea. Sediment chemistry and meiofaunal assemblages were investigated on a seasonal basis at four stations: two from the impacted area and two control stations. The presence of the cages induced a significant accumulation of proteins, lipids and biopolymeric carbon, resulting in a reduction in meiofaunal density at the impacted stations. Changes in community structure were also evident, as meiofauna under the cages were characterized by increased importance of polychaetes and copepods in comparison with a much lower importance of gastrotrichs …

Mediterranean climateSettore BIO/07 - EcologiaSediment chemistryEcologyEcologyFish farmingMeiobenthosfish farming impactBiodiversityCommunity structuremediterraneanGeneral Decision SciencesMeiofauna Fish farming impact Benthic organic enrichment Indicators Mediterraneanbentich organic enrichmentindicatorsFisheryMediterranean seameiofaunaKinorynchsEnvironmental scienceEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics
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Merkels Briefwechsel

2018

Informācija par G. H. Merķeļa vēstuļu kolekciju Latvijas Universitātes Akadēmiskajā bibliotēkā

Merkel Garlieb Helvig (1769-1850):HUMANITIES and RELIGION [Research Subject Categories]G. H. Merķeļa vēstuļu kolekcijaApgaismības laikmetsG. H. Merkels Briefwechsel KollektionMerķelis Garlībs Helvigs (1769-1850)Aufklärung
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Early history of European domestic cattle as revealed by ancient DNA

2006

We present an extensive ancient DNA analysis of mainly Neolithic cattle bones sampled from archaeological sites along the route of Neolithic expansion, from Turkey to North-Central Europe and Britain. We place this first reasonable population sample of Neolithic cattle mitochondrial DNA sequence diversity in context to illustrate the continuity of haplotype variation patterns from the first European domestic cattle to the present. Interestingly, the dominant Central European pattern, a starburst phylogeny around the modal sequence, T3, has a Neolithic origin, and the reduced diversity within this cluster in the ancient samples accords with their shorter history of post-domestic accumulation…

Mitochondrial DNAbiologyDNA Mutational AnalysisHaplotypeContext (language use)Aurochsbiology.organism_classificationDNA MitochondrialAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)Bone and BonesEuropeSequence (geology)PaleontologyGenetics PopulationAncient DNAArchaeologyPhylogeneticsEvolutionary biologyAnimals DomesticMutationAnimalsCattleGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesDomesticationResearch ArticleBiology Letters
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A Positive Definite Advection Scheme for Use in Long Range Transport Models: Extension to Monotonicity

1992

Numerical modeling of atmospheric transport processes requires the solution of the continuity equation for prognostic variables such as momentum, heat, water vapor, liquid water or chemical species of the atmosphere. Although in the literature many advection schemes are known to solve this problem (Lax and Wendroff 1964, Crowley 1968, Tremback et al. 1987, Bott 1989a,b), these algorithms show different disadvantages, which sometimes yield undesirably poor numerical results. For instance, the upstream method is known to produce large numerical diffusion. The higher order versions of the advection schemes of Tremback et al. (1987) are much less diffusive. Unfortunately, the schemes are not po…

MomentumContinuity equationAdvectionCourant–Friedrichs–Lewy conditionMathematical analysisRange (statistics)Monotonic functionPositive-definite matrixNumerical diffusionMathematics
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