Search results for "CLASSIFICATION"
showing 10 items of 29475 documents
Role of the gamma-glutamyl cycle in the regulation of amino acid translocation
1989
Amino acid translocation was studied in the mammary gland of lactating rats and in the placenta of pregnant rats. The uptake of amino acids by the mammary gland is maximal on days 10-14 of lactation and is minimal on days 19-21. However, on day 19 maximal uptake can be restored by injection of 1) small amounts of gamma-glutamyl amino acids, 2) 5-oxoproline, and 3) an inhibitor of 5-oxoprolinase. A severe decrease in uptake of amino acids at the peak of lactation is provoked by anthglutin, an inhibitor of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT). Simultaneous injection of 5-oxoproline blocks these effects of anthglutin. In pregnant rats, inhibition (79%) of placental GGT activity by acivicin resul…
Pheromones linked to sexual behaviors excite the appetitive phase of feeding behavior of Aplysia fasciata II. Excitation of C-PR, a neuron involved i…
1998
Pheromones presumably released by conspecifics amplify both the appetitive and the consummatory components of feeding in Aplysia. These effects can be mimicked by administering homogenate of the large hermaphroditic duct containing atrial gland tissue, as well as peptides from the bag cells. Identified cerebro-pedal regulator (C-PR) neuron is thought to command various behaviors that comprise the appetitive phase of feeding. In a reduced preparation, we investigated the effects on the C-PR of applying these substances to the rhinophores, the sensory organs which detect pheromones. Stimuli that excite feeding in the animal were also found to affect the C-PR. Large hermaphroditic duct homogen…
Effects of intermittent high frequency electrical stimulation on denervated EDL muscle of rabbit.
1990
This study was performed to determine whether electrical stimulation can retard denervation-induced changes. The denervated extensor digitorum longus of the rabbit, a fast-twitch muscle, was stimulated at a rate mimicking its motoneuron firing pattern. The 100-Hz stimulation given intermittently subjected the muscle to a low mean total daily frequency of 1.6 Hz. Four weeks of stimulation resulted in no effect upon the denervated stimulated muscle. This stimulation protocol, therefore, is unable to substitute for the lost neuronal influence of the nerve. The muscle contralateral to the stimulated side showed physiological changes making it unsuitable to serve as a control.
Early, but not late onset estrogen replacement therapy prevents oxidative stress and metabolic alterations caused by ovariectomy.
2014
Aims: The usefulness of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) in preventing oxidative stress associated with menopause is controversial. We aimed to study if there is a critical time window for effective treatment of the effects of ovariectomy with estrogens at the molecular, metabolic, and cellular level. Results: Our main finding is that early, but not late onset of ERT prevents an ovariectomy-associated increase in mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide levels, oxidative damage to lipids and proteins, and a decrease in glutathione peroxidase and catalase activity in rats. This may be due to a change in the estrogen receptor (ER) expression profile: ovariectomy increases the ER α/β ratio and immedi…
Muscle Free Fatty-Acid Uptake Associates to Mechanical Efficiency During Exercise in Humans
2018
Intrinsic factors related to muscle metabolism may explain the differences in mechanical efficiency (ME) during exercise. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between muscle metabolism and ME. Totally 17 healthy recreationally active male participants were recruited and divided into efficient (EF; n = 8) and inefficient (IE; n = 9) groups, which were matched for age (mean ± SD 24 ± 2 vs. 23 ± 2 years), BMI (23 ± 1 vs. 23 ± 2 kg m−2), physical activity levels (3.4 ± 1.0 vs. 4.1 ± 1.0 sessions/week), and V˙O2peak (53 ± 3 vs. 52 ± 3 mL kg−1 min−1), respectively, but differed for ME at 45% of V˙O2peak intensity during submaximal bicycle ergometer test (EF 20.5 ± 3.5 vs. I…
Crataegus laevigata decreases neutrophil elastase and has hypolipidemic effect: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
2011
Crataegus laevigata is a medicinal plant most commonly used for the treatment of heart failure and psychosomatic disorders. Based on previous experimental findings, this double-blind placebo-controlled study was aimed at finding beneficial effects of C. laevigata on biomarkers of coronary heart disease (CHD). The study included 49 diabetic subjects with chronic CHD who were randomly assigned to the treatment for 6 months with either a micronized flower and leaf preparation of C. laevigata (400 mg three times a day) or a matching placebo. Blood cell count, lipid profile, C-reactive protein, neutrophil elastase (NE) and malondialdehyde were analyzed in plasma at baseline, at one month and six…
Influence of prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants on human cord blood levels of glutamate
2013
El pdf del artículo es la versión post-print.
Alteration of plasmalogens in erythrocytes of patients with diabetic retinopathy
2011
Purpose Plasmalogens are phospholipids characterized by a vinyl ether bond and the preferential esterification of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). We have shown that the lack of plasmalogens leads to abnormal retinal vascularisation. Because we hypothesize that plasmalogens are negative regulators of vascular development, we aimed to check their circulating levels in patients having a retinal pathology with vascular proliferation. Methods Blood samples were collected from 4 control subjects and 42 patients having proliferative or non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR). Patients were classified according to the stage of DR. The plasmalogen content and the fatty acid composition of er…
Feasibility and diagnostic performance of including point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in preparticipation screening of young competitive athletes
2020
AbstractOptimal pre-participative screening in young athletes is still controversial. We sought to evaluate the strategy of including point-of-care ultrasound to electrocardiogram. In total, 1188 young competitive athletes were screened in different sports institutions. This proved to be a useful strategy by improving diagnostic performance primarily with respect to detect structural abnormalities and also by minimising positive false cases of electrocardiogram alone.
The controversial relationship between exercise and atrial fibrillation: clinical studies and pathophysiological mechanisms
2015
Atrial fibrillation is the most common clinically significant arrhythmia observed both in the general population and in competitive athletes. The most important risk factors are all preventable by regular physical activity. However, although the benefits of moderate physical activity in controlling cardiovascular risk factors and decreasing the risk of atrial fibrillation have been extensively proved, concerns have arisen about the potential negative effects of vigorous exercise, particularly in endurance athletes. Furthermore, in a subset of patients with atrial fibrillation younger than 60 years, routine evaluation does not reveal any cardiovascular disease or any other known causal facto…