Search results for "COLOR"
showing 10 items of 2721 documents
Cloning and characterization of the histidine biosynthetic gene cluster of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2).
1990
Abstract Biochemical and genetic data indicate that in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) the majority of the genes involved in the biosynthesis of histidine are clustered in a small region of the chromosome [Carere et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 123 (1973) 219–224; Russi et al., Mol. Gen. Genet. 123 (1973) 225–232]. To investigate the structural organization and the regulation of these genes, we have constructed genomic libraries from S. coelicolor A3(2) in pUC vectors. Recombinant clones were isolated by complementation of an Escherichia coli hisBd auxotroph. A recombinant plasmid containing a 3.4-kb fragment of genomic DNA was further characterized. When cloned in the plasmid vector, pIJ699, this f…
An approach to determining anthocyanin synthesis enzyme gene expression in an evolutionary context: an example from Erica plukenetii
2019
Abstract Background and Aims Floral colour in angiosperms can be controlled by variations in the expression of the genes of the anthocyanin pathway. Floral colour shifts influence pollinator specificity. Multiple shifts in floral colour occurred in the diversification of the genus Erica (Ericaceae), from plesiomorphic pink to, for example, red or white flowers. Variation in anthocyanin gene expression and its effects on floral colour in the red-, pink- and white-flowered Erica plukenetii species complex was investigated. Methods Next generation sequencing, reverse transcriptase PCR and real-time reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR were used to quantify anthocyanin gene expression. Key Re…
Analysis of the Thymidylate Synthase Gene Structure in Colorectal Cancer Patients and Its Possible Relation with the 5-Fluorouracil Drug Response
2009
Thymidylate synthase (TS) catalyzes methylation of dUMP to dTMP and it is the target for the 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) activity. Barbour et al. showed that variant structural forms of TS in tumour cell lines confer resistance to fluoropyrimidines. We planned to perform the whole TS gene structure by means of sequencing techniques in human colorectal cancer (CRC) samples to try to identify the presence of any possible TS variant form that could be responsible of fluoropyrimidines drug resistance and of the worse prognosis. We performed the TS-DNA gene sequence in 68 CRC from patients of A, B, and C Dukes' stages and different histological grade, but we did not find any mutation in the TS-DNA str…
<i>MYC</i> Dosage Compensation is Mediated by miRNA-Transcription Factor Interactions in Aneuploid Cancer
2021
Cancer complexity is consequence of genomic instability leading to aneuploidy. We hypothesize that dosage compensation of critical genes arise from systems-level properties for cancer cells to withstand the negative effects of aneuploidy. We developed a computational platform to identify a network of miRNAs and transcription factors interacting with candidate dosage-compensated genes using NCI-60 multi-omic data. We next constructed a mathematical model where the property of dosage compensation emerged for MYC and STAT3 and was dependent on the kinetic parameters of their feedback and feed-forward interactions with four miRNAs. We developed a genetic tug-of-war approach by overexpressing an…
MYC dosage compensation is mediated by miRNA-transcription factor interactions in aneuploid cancer
2021
SummaryWe hypothesize that dosage compensation of critical genes arises from systems-level properties for cancer cells to withstand the negative effects of aneuploidy. We identified several candidate genes in cancer multi-omics data and developed a biocomputational platform to construct a mathematical model of their interaction network with miRNAs and transcription factors, where the property of dosage compensation emerged for MYC and was dependent on the kinetic parameters of its feedback interactions with three micro-RNAs. These circuits were experimentally validated with a novel genetic tug-of-war technique by overexpressing an exogenous MYC leading to over-expression of the three microR…
Conservatism and novelty in the genetic architecture of adaptation in Heliconius butterflies.
2015
Understanding the genetic architecture of adaptive traits has been at the centre of modern evolutionary biology since Fisher; however, evaluating how the genetic architecture of ecologically important traits influences their diversification has been hampered by the scarcity of empirical data. Now, high-throughput genomics facilitates the detailed exploration of variation in the genome-to-phenotype map among closely related taxa. Here, we investigate the evolution of wing pattern diversity in Heliconius, a clade of neotropical butterflies that have undergone an adaptive radiation for wing-pattern mimicry and are influenced by distinct selection regimes. Using crosses between natural wing-pat…
Modelling the appearance of chromatic environment using hyperspectral imaging
2013
Color of objects is a spectral composition of incident light source, reflection properties of the object itself, and spectral tuning of the eye. Light sources with different spectral characteristics can produce metameric representation of color; however most variable in this regard is vision. Pigments of color vision are continuously bleached by different stimuli and optical density of the pigment is changed, while continuous conditions provide an adaptation and perception of white. Special cases are color vision deficiencies which cover almost 8 % of male population in Europe. Hyperspectral imaging allows obtaining the spectra of the environment and modelling the performance of the dichrom…
Comorbidities Alone Do Not Explain the Undertreatment of Colorectal Cancer in Older Adults: A French Population-Based Study
2011
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the influence of comorbidities on treatment modalities of colorectal cancer according to the age of patients and French recommendations. DESIGN: Population-based study SETTING: French Digestive Cancer Registry, Burgundy. PARTICIPANTS: Two thousand nine hundred twenty-one incident colorectal cancers diagnosed between 2004 and 2007. MEASUREMENTS: The independent influence of comorbidities (recorded according to the Charlson index) on treatment was analyzed using multivariate logistic regressions controlling for age, sex, and their interaction. RESULTS: The association between comorbidities and resection for cure was significant only in patients younger than 75 (P in…
Yield and Fruit Quality Characterization of Eight Old Sicilian Apple Cultivars
2011
In this trial, we examined the quality of eight old Sicilian apple cultivars (‘Cannamelo’, ‘Cardinale’, ‘Gelata Cola’, ‘Gelata’, ‘Granatino’, ‘San Giuseppe’, ‘Virticchiaro’, ‘Zitella’) and a commercial one (‘Annurca’ traditional clone) through bio-agronomic performances and chemical-physical analyses. We also analyzed flowering time, ripening time, pomological characteristics, and generated a specific descriptor list that indicates a great variability among the cultivars. The data obtained showed interesting characteristics in ‘Granatino’, ‘Virticchiaro’, and ‘Zitella’, such as total soluble solid, fruit size, peel cover color, yield efficiency, and crop load.
Cancer survival in Europe 1999-2007 by country and age: results of EUROCARE--5-a population-based study
2013
Background: Cancer survival is a key measure of the effectiveness of health-care systems. EUROCARE-the largest cooperative study of population-based cancer survival in Europe-has shown persistent differences between countries for cancer survival, although in general, cancer survival is improving. Major changes in cancer diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation occurred in the early 2000s. EUROCARE-5 assesses their effect on cancer survival in 29 European countries. Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we analysed data from 107 cancer registries for more than 10 million patients with cancer diagnosed up to 2007 and followed up to 2008. Uniform quality control procedures were a…