Search results for "COLORATION"
showing 10 items of 61 documents
Coloration reflects behavioural types in the convict cichlid, Amatitlania siquia.
2015
9 pages; International audience; Interindividual behavioural differences, consistent over time and across situations, are frequently related to differences in reproductive success, susceptibility to disease and competitive ability. The behavioural phenotype of a conspecific is likely to affect the outcome of a social interaction, so an individual must be able to accurately assess behavioural phenotypes in order to optimize behavioural responses during mate choice, cooperative relationships and agonistic interactions. However, behavioural assessment based on dyadic interactions in different contexts can be costly because it may require significant time, increase the risk of predation and oft…
Data from: Colour polymorphism torn apart by opposing positive frequency-dependent selection, yet maintained in space
2016
1. Polymorphic warning signals in aposematic species are enigmatic because predator learning and discrimination should select for the most common coloration, resulting in positive frequency-dependent survival selection. 2. Here, we investigated whether differential mating success could create sufficiently strong negative frequency-dependent selection for rare morphs to explain polymorphic (white and yellow) warning coloration in male wood tiger moths (Parasemia plantaginis). 3. We conducted an experiment in semi-natural conditions where we estimated mating success for both white and yellow male moths under three different morph frequencies. 4. Contrary to expectations, mating success was po…
Data from: Aposematism in the burying beetle? Dual function of anal fluid in parental care and chemical defense
2017
Burying beetles (Nicrophorus vespilloides) bear distinctive and variable orange-black patterning on their elytra and produce an anal exudate from their abdomen when threatened. During breeding, the anal exudates contribute to the antimicrobial defense of the breeding resource. We investigated whether the anal exudates also provide a responsive chemical defense, which is advertised to potential avian predators by the beetle’s orange and black elytral markings. We found that that the orange-black elytral markings of the burying beetle are highly conspicuous for avian predators against range of backgrounds, by using computer simulations. Using bioassays with wood ants, we also showed that the …
Four color-measuring devices compared with a spectrophotometric reference system
2009
Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to compare the L*C*h° color coordinates of dental color-measuring devices with those of a spectrophotometric reference system. Methods The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) L*C*h° color coordinates of ceramic samples, matching the colors of the VITA Linearguide, were recorded using four color-measuring devices (VITA Easyshade (A), VITA Easyshade compact (B), Degudent Shadepilot (C), X-Rite Shadevision (D)) and a spectrophotometric reference system under standardized test conditions. The intraclass correlation coefficients, regression lines with coefficients of determination, and mean deviations of the dental color-measuring de…
Root damage induced by intraosseous anesthesia'An in vitro investigation
2012
Objectives: The principle of the intraosseous anesthesia (IOA) relies on the perforation of the cortical plate of the bone for direct application of the local anesthetic solution into the underlying cancellous structures. During this procedure, IOA needles might accidentally come in contact with the tooth roots. The aim of the current in vitro study was to examine the consequences of this ‘worst case scenario’ comparing five commercially available IOA systems. Material and Methods: Extracted human roots were randomly perforated using five different IOA systems with a drilling time ≤5s. To simulate normal in vivo conditions, the roots were kept humid during the drilling procedure. Data was s…
Determination of crown discoloration and fluorescence induced by different medications used in regenerative endodontic procedures: An ex vivo study
2021
Background Crown discoloration is an undesirable side effect of the use of triple antibiotic paste (TAP) in regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs). The aim of this ex vivo study was to assess the potential for tooth discoloration and induction of fluorescence associated with the use of TAP containing either doxycycline (DOX) or clindamycin (CLIN), and of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), by spectrophotometric analysis and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Material and methods A total of forty single-rooted human teeth extracted by therapeutic indication were used. The root canals were enlarged using the step-back technique up to a K #80 file and were randomly divided into four experi…
The effect of spatial and temporal scale on camouflage in North African rodents
2022
Abstract Background matching, a common form of camouflage, is a widespread anti-predator adaptation that hinders detection or recognition by increasing the resemblance of prey to its environment. However, the natural environment is complex and both spatially and temporally variable, which constrains effective background matching as an anti-predator strategy. Here, using remote sensing data (publicly available satellite imagery), we investigated how variation of habitat parameters predicts background matching in 16 Sahara–Sahel rodent species across spatial and temporal scales. All fur colour parameters (hue, saturation and brightness) strongly matched the respective habitats of the differen…
Improved camouflage through ontogenetic colour change confers reduced detection risk in shore crabs
2019
Abstract Animals from many taxa, from snakes and crabs to caterpillars and lobsters, change appearance with age, but the reasons why this occurs are rarely tested.We show the importance that ontogenetic changes in coloration have on the camouflage of the green shore crabs (Carcinus maenas), known for their remarkable phenotypic variation and plasticity in colour and pattern.In controlled conditions, we reared juvenile crabs of two shades, pale or dark, on two background types simulating different habitats for 10 weeks.In contrast to expectations for reversible colour change, crabs did not tune their background match to specific microhabitats, but instead, and regardless of treatment, all de…
Supplementary data to: Context-dependent coloration of prey and predator decision making in contrasting light environments
2021
A big question in behavioural ecology is what drives diversity of colour signals. The dataset covers the testing of the context-dependent predator selection on prey coloration. In the first experiment, detectability of artificial visual stimuli to blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) was tested by manipulating stimulus luminance and chromatic context of the background. In the second experiment, the effect of two light environments on the survival of aposematic, colour polymorphic wood tiger moth (Arctia plantaginis) was tested. For detailed description of the material, methods, and results of the study, see the article.
Age- and quality-dependent DNA methylation correlate with melanin-based coloration in a wild bird
2018
Abstract Secondary sexual trait expression can be influenced by fixed individual factors (such as genetic quality) as well as by dynamic factors (such as age and environmentally induced gene expression) that may be associated with variation in condition or quality. In particular, melanin‐based traits are known to relate to condition and there is a well‐characterized genetic pathway underpinning their expression. However, the mechanisms linking variable trait expression to genetic quality remain unclear. One plausible mechanism is that genetic quality could influence trait expression via differential methylation and differential gene expression. We therefore conducted a pilot study examining…