Search results for "COMPLICATIONS"

[Compensation mechanisms of perioperative anemia].

2002

Current Concepts in Therapy of Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyposis

2004

The exact pathophysiological mechanisms leading to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) still to a large extent remain obscure. However, recently there has been some progress in elucidating the etiology of nasal polyposis, especially regarding tissue eosinophilia as well as the role of aspirin intolerance and eicosanoid mediators. Endonasal sinus surgery has evolved to be the treatment of choice in CRS and nasal polyposis in all cases where conservative treatment has failed or resulted in only a partial or temporary relief. Today, state of the art in surgical technique includes the ability to combine microscopic and endoscopic procedures. Regardless of technical advances like powered instrumentatio…

Diabetes mellitus: oxidative stress and wine.

2003

This review focuses on the link between diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress and, in particular, on the role that moderate wine consumption may play in preventing diabetic complications and the onset of diabetes. With this aim, a search of PubMed was carried out for literature published up to March 2003. In diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress results both from exposure to hyperglycaemia through glycoxidation and sorbitol system activation, and from functional limitation of the hexose monophosphate shunt, leading to a decrease in glutathione synthesis. Oxidative stress alters the plasma lipoprotein profile (particularly low-density lipoproteins), the coagulative parameters (with an increas…

The Influence of Treated and Untreated Subclinical Hypothyroidism on Metabolic Profile in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

2021

Background. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hypothyroidism are the most common endocrinological disorders among women of reproductive age. Since hypothyroidism occurs more frequently in PCOS patients, it is vital to explain its clinical impact. Aim. To evaluate the impact of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and its treatment on the metabolic profile of patients with PCOS. Methods. 190 women with PCOS phenotype A were enrolled in the case-control study. They were divided into three groups: 38 women with PCOS and subclinical hypothyroidism, 76 women with PCOS and SCH under thyroid replacement therapy, and 76 women with PCOS and normal thyroid function (control group). Serum lipids, fasti…

Role of the gastroenterologist in the management of the obese patient.

2017

Obesity is a highly prevalent disease worldwide, and one in which gastroenterologists can play an important role. Some digestive diseases are more common in obese patients, and preoperative evaluation may be required in some cases. Additionally, bariatric surgery can lead to digestive complications in the short and long term that require intervention, and endoscopic treatment can be an important factor in weight loss. The aim of this review is to highlight the role of the gastroenterologist in the management of obese patients who are either scheduled for or have undergone surgical or endoscopic treatment for obesity.

Efficacy of proteolytic enzyme bromelain on health outcomes after third molar surgery. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical tri…

2019

Background Bromelain is a cysteine protease isolated from pineapple with a range of biological properties including platelet aggregation inhibition and anti-inflammatory effects. Recent studies have evaluated the clinical implications of bromelain in reducing postoperative inflammatory complications after third molar surgery, but the results are contrasting. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of bromelain on health outcomes in patients submitted to third molar surgery. Material and Methods The study was conducted following the PRISMA statement. Searches were conducted in six electronic databases and Google Scholar from inception to May 2018. The following element…

Appendectomy during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: a multicenter ambispective cohort study by the Italian Society of Endoscopic Surgery and new tech…

2021

AbstractMajor surgical societies advised using non-operative management of appendicitis and suggested against laparoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The hypothesis is that a significant reduction in the number of emergent appendectomies was observed during the pandemic, restricted to complex cases. The study aimed to analyse emergent surgical appendectomies during pandemic on a national basis and compare it to the same period of the previous year. This is a multicentre, retrospective, observational study investigating the outcomes of patients undergoing emergent appendectomy in March–April 2019 vs March–April 2020. The primary outcome was the number of appendectomies performed, classifie…

A Case of Epididymo-orchitis after intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin therapy for superficial bladder carcinoma in a patient with latent tuberculos…

2016

Background: Intravesical instillation of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been established as efficient therapy for superficial bladder carcinoma. Overall, intravesical BCG is well tolerated and results in complications of less than 5 %. However, adverse effects such as granulomatous prostatitis, pneumonitis, hepatitis, sepsis, and hypersensitivity reactions may occur. The reported rate for tuberculous orchitis after BCG intravesical therapy is 0.4 %. Findings: We report a case of monolateral tuberculous orchitis occurring one month after the second course of intravescical instillation of bacille Calmette-Guérin in a patient with proven superficial bladder carcinoma and latent tuberculosis…

Focus on functional delayed central sleep apnea following cervical laminectomy. An example of respiratory dysfunction in restorative neurosurgical pr…

2017

In sleep-related breathing disorders, sleep apnea is a clinical symptom that can be categorized as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or mixed apnea by analysis using poly-somnography. The occurrence of delayed central sleep apnea (CSA) is an extremely rare complication of cervical laminectomy for spondylotic myelopathy. So far only three studies concerning such an event have been reported in the literature. Naim-ur-Rahman, in 1994, reported a case of postoperative CSA following C3-C6 laminectomy, and Visocchi and colleagues, in 2014, in two studies, stressed the lack of association with any other neurological sign of spinal cord damage. No definitive mechanism has been recognized so far for del…

Exertional hematuria: definition, epidemiology, diagnostic and clinical considerations

2019

Abstract Exertional hematuria can be considered a subcategory of exercise-induced hematuria, characterized by painless appearance of erythrocytes in urine after recent physical exercise, not directly attributable to external traumatic injuries to the genitourinary system, and spontaneously resolving with rest. Although its frequency has enormous heterogeneity, depending on the athlete population, duration and intensity of exercise, technique used for identifying or quantifying hematuria and relative diagnostic thresholds, what clearly emerges from the scientific literature is that a certain degree of hematuria is commonplace after non-contact sports, especially running. This exertional hema…