Search results for "COMPOSITE"

showing 10 items of 4584 documents

Cellulose Nanocrystals from Lignocellulosic Raw Materials, for Oxygen Barrier Coatings on Food Packaging Films

2017

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are unique, renewable top-down nano particles from which coatings with improved gas barrier properties and new functionalities can be prepared. In this paper, the potential for obtaining such high performing nanocrystals from low-cost lignocellulosic by-products or raw materials is proved by a comparison study on CNCs obtained both from cotton linters and kraft pulp, by means of the ammonium persulfate (APS) process. Morphological and chemical characterization of the nanocrystals obtained, as well as the main functional properties of the poly(ethylene terephthalate) coated films, showed quite similar characteristics and performances of CNCs obtained from pure c…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringNanoparticle02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryPolymerengineering.materialRaw material010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesFilm coatingchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringKraft processCoatingengineeringGeneral Materials ScienceAmmonium persulfateComposite materialCellulose0210 nano-technologyPackaging Technology and Science
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Study of smectic elastomer films under uniaxial stress

2004

We study the mechanical properties of free-standing films of smectic liquid crystalline elastomers. Macroscopically ordered elastomer films of submicrometer thickness are prepared from freely suspended smectic A polymer films by photo crosslinking. The deformation characteristics depend criticically on the sample composition, in particular on the density of mesogenic side chains at the siloxane backbone. In materials where the siloxane backbone is only partially substituted (dilute systems), a uniaxial stretching of the films in the layer plane is accompanied by a shrinkage of the smectic layers. This layer shrinkage is to only a minor extent achieved by the induction of a molecular tilt. W…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceMesogenGeneral ChemistryPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsElastomerchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryLiquid crystalSiloxaneSide chainGeneral Materials ScienceDeformation (engineering)Composite materialLayer (electronics)Liquid Crystals
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Formation of nanorods by self-assembly of alkyl-substituted polyphenylene dendrimers on graphite

2000

Alkyl-substituted polyphenylene dendrimers with a tetrahedral or disk-like shape form self-assembled monolayers on graphite (HOPG) which show complex supramolecular structures, such as parallel rods of 6 nm diameter or two-dimensional crystals.

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceMetals and AlloysSupramolecular chemistryNanotechnologyGeneral ChemistryCatalysisRodSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographychemistryDendrimerMonolayerMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesNanorodGraphiteSelf-assemblyAlkylChemical Communications
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Effect of the Components Molar Mass and of the Mixing Conditions on the Compatibilization of PE/LCP Blends by PE-g-LCP Copolymers

1999

The rheology, morphology, and mechanical properties of blends of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with a semiflexible liquid crystalline copolyester (SBH) were studied in order to assess the compatibilizing ability of added PE-g-SBH copolymers, and its dependence on the molar mass of the PE matrix, and on the technique used for blend preparation. The PE-g-SBH copolymers were synthesized as described in previous articles, either by the polycondensation of the SBH monomers in the presence of a functionalized PE sample containing free carboxyl groups, or by reactive blending of the latter polymer with preformed SBH. Two samples of HDPE having different molar masses, and two samples of SBH with…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceMolar massCondensation polymerPolymers and PlasticscompatibilizationGeneral ChemistryPolymerCompatibilizationPolyethyleneCopolyesterSurfaces Coatings and Filmschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrypolyethylene-LCP blendmorphologyMaterials ChemistryCopolymerrheologyHigh-density polyethyleneComposite material
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Different kinds of solid solutions in the V2O5-ZrSiO4-NaF system by sol-gel processes and their characterization

1993

Abstract In the V2O5-ZrSiO4-NaF system, three kinds of substances have been identified by sol-gel methods depending on the V2O5 amounts in the composition. Their characterization by X-ray diffraction, measurements of unit cell parameters, UV-visible (UV-V) spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis and lab colour parameter determination allow the consideration of three kinds of solid solution in the zircon lattice: (a) V+5,V+4-ZrSiO4, thermally stable and with a deep green colour; (b) V+4-ZrSiO4, thermally stable and blue coloured, made by the sol-gel method and with V2O5 amounts lower than 0·03 mol per formula weight; and (c) Na+,F−,V+4-ZrSiO4, a solid solution with a deep blue-turquoise …

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceMolar massInorganic chemistryAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDifferential thermal analysisZirconium(IV) silicateX-ray crystallographyMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesQualitative inorganic analysisChemical compositionInorganic compoundSolid solutionJournal of the European Ceramic Society
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Compatibilization of blends of polyethylene with a semirigid liquid crystalline polymer by PE-g-LCP copolymers

1997

The blends of thermoplastics with liquid crystalline polymers show, in general, poor properties because of the lack of adherence between the two phases. The use of ad hoc synthesized copolymers containing the monomer units of the two polymers has been recently considered by some of us for blend compatibilization, and the results appear promising. In this work, new PE-g-LCP copolymers, prepared either by the synthesis of the LCP in the presence of a functionalized PE, or by reactive blending of the latter polymer with preformed LCP, have been employed as compatibilizing additives for blends of PE with a semirigid LCP. The morphology and the rheological and mechanical properties of the ternar…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceMolar massPolymers and PlasticsCOMPATIBILIZATIONMaleic anhydrideGeneral ChemistryCompatibilizationPolymerPolyethyleneBLENDSCOPOLYMERSchemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialichemistryChemical engineeringLiquid crystalMaterials ChemistryCopolymerMORPHOLOGYComposite materialPOLYPROPYLENEFIBERS
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Transparent thermoplastic polyurethanes based on aliphatic diisocyanates and polycarbonate diol

2016

Segmented thermoplastic polyurethanes (PUs) were synthetized using polycarbonate diol as soft segment with a molar mass of 500 and as a hard segment 1,5-pentanediol with a combination of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). Differential scanning calorimetry, differential mechanical analysis, Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflection spectroscopy, haze, transmittance, hardness, tensile properties and retention of tensile properties tests were employed to characterize the different PUs. The results of this study show that IPDI/HDI relation has a significant impact on the phase mixing, crystallinity and therefore on the PU’s properties. The variati…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceMolar massThermoplasticPolymers and PlasticsDiol02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallinityDifferential scanning calorimetrychemistryvisual_artMaterials Chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumHexamethylene diisocyanateComposite materialPolycarbonateIsophorone diisocyanate0210 nano-technologyJournal of Elastomers & Plastics
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Modelling Monomer/Disc Composites Phase Behaviour

2012

Summary: A model developed by Balazs' group to explain the phase behaviour of polymer/clay composites is extended to obtain an expression for the free energy of polymer/thin disc mixtures. Phase diagrams for monomer/disc mixtures are built by minimizing the free energy and calculating the chemical potentials of the three system components. Via the comparison of the diagrams, it is studied the effects of nanodisc size and interaction parameters on mixture stability and attained morphology. The performed predictions between monomers and discs give criteria that advance the properties of the mixture. Changes in monomer concentration and interaction parameters provide a means to prevent van der…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceMorphology (linguistics)NanocompositePolymers and PlasticsEconomies of agglomerationOrganic ChemistryPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryPhase (matter)Materials ChemistryComposite materialNanodiscPhase diagramMacromolecular Symposia
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PLLA/PLA scaffolds prepared via Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS): tuning of properties and biodegradability

2008

Foams for tissue engineering applications were prepared via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS). Poly-L-Lactic Acid (PLLA) and blends of PLLA with PLA in different proportions were used (100/0, 90/10, 75/25, 50/50, 0/100 PLLA/PLA wt/wt) starting from ternary systems where dioxane was the solvent and water the non-solvent. Morphology was evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (average pore size and interconnection) and the void fraction was measured by means of Hg porosimetry. Foams apparent density was also evaluated (porosity ranges from 87% to 92%). Biodegradability was estimated in a body mimicking fluid. Results show that structure and morphology (in terms of average pore size …

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceMorphology (linguistics)Scanning electron microscopePorosimetryPolymerSolventchemistryTissue engineeringGeneral Materials ScienceTissue engineering TIPS PLLA/PLA blends Phase separation ScaffoldComposite materialTernary operationPorosity
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Activity of Antimicrobial Silver Polystyrene Nanocomposites.

2012

A simple technique based on doping polymers within situgenerated silver nanoparticles (Ag/PS films) has been developed. In particular, an antiseptic material has been prepared by dissolving silver 1,5-cyclooctadiene-hexafluoroacetylacetonate in amorphous polystyrene, and the obtained solid solution has been heated for ca. 10 s at a convenient temperature (180°C). Under such conditions the metal precursor decomposes producing silver atoms that diffuse into the polymer and clusterize. The antimicrobial characteristics of the resulting polystyrene-based material have been accurately evaluated towardEscherichia coli (E. coli)comparing the cytotoxicity effect of 10 wt.% and 30 wt.% (drastic and …

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceNanocompositeArticle SubjectAnnealing (metallurgy)PolymerpolystyreneSilver nanoparticleAmorphous solidMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryvisual_artlcsh:Technology (General)nanocompositesPolymer chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumlcsh:T1-995antimicrobialsilverGeneral Materials SciencePolystyreneDissolutionNuclear chemistry
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