Search results for "COMPOSITION"
showing 10 items of 2675 documents
Does the composition of regional knowledge bases influence extra-regional collaboration for innovation?
2013
There is a growing research interest in the relationship between the composition of regional knowledge bases and the extra-regional collaborative ties maintained by actors during their development work. To investigate this relationship, we use patent data to characterize European NUTS 3 regions by their (i) comparative technological specializations; and (ii) related technological variety. We find domestic, extra-regional collaboration to be negatively associated with regional technological specialization and related technological variety. At the same time, we find related technological variety to serve in support of international innovation collaboration.
Balance sheet versus earnings conservatism in Europe
2004
In this study we extend prior research on the international analysis of accounting conservatism (Joos and Lang, 1994; Ball et al., 2000; Giner and Rees, 2001), by examining the level of accounting conservatism across eight European countries (United Kingdom, Germany, France, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain and Belgium), and assessing the statistical significance of the differences among them. The definitions of conservatism that we use are, on the one hand, the Feltham and Ohlson (1995) definition, which implies a persistent understatement of book value of shareholders' equity (balance sheet conservatism). On the other hand, we use the one proposed by Basu (1997), that is, a time…
An adult life cycle perspective on public subsidies to higher education in three countries
1986
Studies of the incidence of public susidies to higher education have commonly disregarded adjustements to an appropriate age range in the parental reference populations. Even where the need for such adjustements is noted, implications have rarely if ever been systematically analyzed. Moreover, no attention whatsoever seems to have been paid to implications for adult life-cycle experiences let alone secular changes in experiences over successive cohorts. The present paper seeks to fill part of these gaps, drawing on relevant parts of our research on "the political economy of government support of higher education : studies in Chile, France and Malaysia".
Measuring state dependence in individual poverty histories when there is feedback to employment status and household composition
2009
This paper argues that the assumption of strict exogeneity, which is usually invoked in estimating models of state dependence with unobserved heterogeneity, is violated in the poverty context as important variables determining contemporaneous poverty status, in particular employment status and household composition, are likely to be influenced by past poverty outcomes. Therefore, a model of state dependence is developed that explicitly allows for possible feedback effects from past poverty to future employment and household composition outcomes. Empirical results based on data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) suggest that there are indeed such feedback effects and that failure t…
Life cycle and housing decisions: a comparison by age cohorts
2013
The use of decomposition methodologies when the involved variable is continuous is not common in the literature. This article uses this methodology, together with other decomposition methodologies, to explain how age can influence on housing decisions. In particular, we use Spanish data to study whether the age of the householder plays a significant role in influencing household decisions with respect to housing tenure and demand. From the comparison of housing decisions between different groups of households classified by the age of the householders, we conclude that age plays the primary role in explaining the gap between households regarding tenure choice, while it shares its importance …
Alterable electorates in the context of residential mobility
1988
In some circumstances, politicians set about altering the composition of their electorate with a view to increasing their chances of being re-elected. A hypothesis along these lines is formulated in the context of local elections and residential mobility. Although the hypothesis is general, an assessment of its validity implies auxiliary assumptions related to a specific spatio-temporal context. That is done with reference to conditions prevailing in post-war French metropolitan areas. In the empirical part of the paper, some of the implications are submitted to tests on demographical and political data. On the basis of the tests, and although alternative explanations of the findings are po…
An Augmented Static Olley-Pakes Productivity Decomposition with Entry and Exit Measurement and Interpretation
2015
We develop an augmented Olley–Pakes (OP) decomposition that allows us to examine how entering and exiting firms contribute to the popular OP covariance measure of allocative efficiency. Applying the decomposition to a comprehensive micro-level data, we find that a large part of the OP covariance component can be attributed to entrants and exiting firms. We also build a model of firm dynamics that is consistent with our main empirical results. In the model economy, the standard OP covariance component tends to increase with certain type of distortions because of endogenous changes in firm entry and exit.
Financial stress and sovereign debt composition
2015
"Published online: 19 Oct 2015"
Forecasting the pulse
2013
Purpose – The steady increase of data on human behavior collected online holds significant research potential for social scientists. The purpose of this paper is to add a systematic discussion of different online services, their data generating processes, the offline phenomena connected to these data, and by demonstrating, in a proof of concept, a new approach for the detection of extraordinary offline phenomena by the analysis of online data. Design/methodology/approach – To detect traces of extraordinary offline phenomena in online data, the paper determines the normal state of the respective communication environment by measuring the regular dynamics of specific variables in data documen…
The environmental Kuznets curve within European countries and sectors: greenhouse emission, production function and technology
2018
Based on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis and the technological change and the environment literature, our original contribution consists in analysing within the decomposition model the direct and indirect influence of technological change as well as the energy mix on CO2 emissions. Focusing on the dirtiest sectors of 25 EU countries in the period 1997-2005 and considering the endogeneity issue, we estimate an adjusted EKC relationship comparing a single equation model (univariate model) with a simultaneous equations system (bivariate model). Following Lopez (J Environ Econ Manag 27:163-184, 1994), a second equation is introduced where per capita income is a positive functio…