Search results for "COMPOUND"

Micelles in Mixtures of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate and a Bolaform Surfactant

2006

Mixtures composed of water, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and a bolaform surfactant with two aza-crown ethers as polar headgroups (termed Bola C-16) were investigated by modulating the mole ratios between the components. The two surfactants have ionic and nonionic, but ionizable, headgroups, respectively. The ionization is due to the complexation of alkali ions by the aza-crown ether unit(s). Structural, thermodynamic, and transport properties of the above mixtures were investigated. Results from surface tension, translational self-diffusion, and small angle neutron scattering ( SANS) are reported and discussed. Interactions between the two surfactants to form mixed micelles result in a com…

Molecular Modelling Studies on Molecular Pathways Related to Tumorigenesis in the Discovery of New Lead Compounds.

2012

The Role of Fc Receptors on the Effectiveness of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies.

2021

Since the approval of the first monoclonal antibody (mAb) in 1986, a huge effort has been made to guarantee safety and efficacy of therapeutic mAbs. As of July 2021, 118 mAbs are approved for the European market for a broad range of clinical indications. In order to ensure clinical efficacy and safety aspects, (pre-)clinical experimental approaches evaluate the respective modes of action (MoA). In addition to antigen-specificity including binding affinity and -avidity, MoA comprise Fc-mediated effector functions such as antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and the closely related antibody dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). For this reason, a variety of cell-based assays have…

Copolymerization of ethylene with higher 1-olefins over vanadium catalyst supported on Al(i-Bu)3 modified magnesium carrier

2008

Badano proces kopolimeryzacji etylenu z wyższymi 1-olefinami (C6-C12) wobec katalizatora wanadowego (VOCl3) immobilizowanego na nośniku magnezowym MgCl2 (THF) 2 modyfikowanym z zastosowaniem Al(i-Bu) 3. W charakterze aktywatora nośnikowego prekatalizatora wanadowego zastosowano Et2AlCl. Stwierdzono, że aktywność takiego układu katalitycznego jest porównywalna z aktywnością katalizatora z prekursorem wanadowym osadzonym na niemodyfikowanym nośniku magnezowym. Zaobserwowano także, że wprowadzenie komonomeru do środowiska reakcji powoduje niewielkie zmniejszenie wydajności procesu w porównaniu z homopolimeryzacją etylenu, postępującą w miarę wzrostu stężenia komonomeru w środowisku reakcji. Do…

Chemoselective, Substrate-directed Fluorination of Functionalized Cyclopentane β-Amino Acids

2016

This work describes a substrate-directed fluorination of some highly functionalized cyclopentane derivatives. The cyclic products incorporating CH2 F or CHF2 moieties in their structure have been synthesized from diexo- or diendo-norbornene β-amino acids following a stereocontrolled strategy. The synthetic study was based on an oxidative transformation of the ring carbon-carbon double bond of the norbornene β-amino acids, followed by transformation of the resulted "all cis" and "trans" diformyl intermediates by fluorination with "chemodifferentiation".

Magneto-structural correlations in discrete $Mn^{II}‐W^V$ cyano‐bridged assemblies with polyimine ligands

2010

We present the magneto-structural correlations for two novel discrete cyano-bridged assemblies based on cationic complexes of manganese(II) with diimine ligands and octacyanotungstate(V) ions. The crystal structure of [Mn II (terpy)(dmf)-(H 2 O) 2 ][Mn II (terpy)(H 2 O)(dmf)(μ-NC)W V (CN) 7 ] 2· 6H 2 O (1) (terpy = 2,2';6',2"-terpyridine, dmf = dimethylformamide) contains dinuclear {Mn II W V } - cyano-bridged anions, while the crystal structure of [Mn II (phen) 3 ] 2 [MnII(phen) 2 (μ-NC) 2 -W V (CN) 6 ] 2 (ClO 4 ) 2 ·9H 2 O (2) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) is built of tetranuclear {Mn II 2 W V 2} 2- square anions. Intramolecular Mn-W magnetic interactions through the cyano bridges are repr…

Structures and energetic properties of 4-halobenzamides

2018

The amide bond represents one of the most fundamental functional groups in chemistry. The properties of amides are defined by amidic resonance (nN→π*C=O conjugation), which enforces planarity of the six atoms comprising the amide bond. Despite the importance of 4-halo-substituted benzamides in organic synthesis, molecular interactions and medicinal chemistry, the effect of 4-halo-substitution on the properties of the amide bond in N,N-disubstituted benzamides has not been studied. Herein, we report the crystal structures and energetic properties of a full series of 4-halobenzamides. The structures of four 4-halobenzamides (halo = iodo, bromo, chloro and fluoro) in the N-morpholinyl series h…

Evaluation of waterborne exposure to heavy metals in innate immune defences present on skin mucus of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)

2015

Aquatic animals are continuously exposed to chemical pollutants but the effects evoked in skin surfaces, which receive the most direct contact with them, are poorly investigated. Terminal carbohydrate composition and immunological components present in skin mucus of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) specimens exposed to waterborne sublethal dosages of heavy metals [arsenic (As2O3), cadmium (CdCl2) and mercury (CH3HgCl) at 5, 5 and 0.04 μM, respectively for 2, 10 and 30 days were analysed. Moreover, the presence of a fucose binding lectin (FBL) was evaluated by western blot and the protein profiles were by SDS-PAGE and HPLC. Results showed little effects of heavy metals in the presence of…

Application of Molecular Topology for the Prediction of Reaction Yields and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Heterocyclic Amidine Derivatives

2011

Topological-mathematical models based on multiple linear regression analyses have been built to predict the reaction yields and the anti-inflammatory activity of a set of heterocylic amidine derivatives, synthesized under environmental friendly conditions, using microwave irradiation. Two models with three variables each were selected. The models were validated by cross-validation and randomization tests. The final outcome demonstrates a good agreement between the predicted and experimental results, confirming the robustness of the method. These models also enabled the screening of virtual libraries for new amidine derivatives predicted to show higher values of reaction yields and anti-infl…

Cardiolipin content controls mitochondrial coupling and energetic efficiency in muscle

2020

Decreasing mitochondrial energy-production efficiency in skeletal muscle can confer protection against diet-induced obesity.