Search results for "COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY"

showing 10 items of 713 documents

Based on Compton Camera

2016

Compton Cameras have been proposed as an alternative to SPECT imaging with Gamma Camera, mainly due to factors such as the electronic collimation, which allows a bigger field of view and provides further information from the acquired events if compared to devices with mechanical collimation. By contrast, this involves a higher amount of data to be processed. In medical devices this leads to waiting times that are generally higher than desirable by the health-care professionals. In this work we have assessed the reconstruction of Compton images by making use of iterative and non-iterative techniques, and also evaluated its performances as a SPECT imaging technique.

Physicsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONField of view02 engineering and technologyIterative reconstructionSingle-photon emission computed tomography021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticslawSpect imaging0103 physical sciencesmedicineMedical imagingComputer visionArtificial intelligence0210 nano-technologyElectronic CollimationbusinessImage resolutionGamma camera2016 Global Medical Engineering Physics Exchanges/Pan American Health Care Exchanges (GMEPE/PAHCE)
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X-ray computed tomography and numerical analysis of water-saturated porous materials

2012

A method for imaging a water-saturated porous material is developed in order to simulate a fluid flow through it using the Lattice Boltzmann method. The value of its flow permeability is compared to the value for the same sample when it is dry. An explanation for the difference in the experimental values of permeability for air and water is sought. A reference is given by experimental values from flow measurements that are interpreted according to Darcy's law of permeability.

Physics::Fluid Dynamicshuokoisuustomografiax-ray computed tomographyröntgentutkimusläpäisevyyspermeabilityDarcy's lawfysiikkaporous materialsPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsPhysics::Geophysicsthe Lattice Boltzmann method
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Torus computed tomography

2020

We present a new computed tomography (CT) method for inverting the Radon transform in 2D. The idea relies on the geometry of the flat torus, hence we call the new method Torus CT. We prove new inversion formulas for integrable functions, solve a minimization problem associated to Tikhonov regularization in Sobolev spaces and prove that the solution operator provides an admissible regularization strategy with a quantitative stability estimate. This regularization is a simple post-processing low-pass filter for the Fourier series of a phantom. We also study the adjoint and the normal operator of the X-ray transform on the flat torus. The X-ray transform is unitary on the flat torus. We have i…

Physics::Medical PhysicsComputed tomography01 natural sciencesFourier'n sarjatintegraalilaskentamedicineFOS: MathematicstietokonetomografiaMathematics - Numerical Analysis0101 mathematicsFlat torusFourier seriesRadon transformPhysicsmedicine.diagnostic_testRadon transformApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisTorusNumerical Analysis (math.NA)65R10 65R32 44A12 42B05 46F12Fourier seriesFunctional Analysis (math.FA)regularizationMathematics - Functional Analysis010101 applied mathematicssovellettu matematiikkaRegularization (physics)numeerinen analyysiX-ray tomography
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Influence of pixel size on quantification of airway wall thickness in computed tomography.

2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the point where a further decrease in voxel size does not result in better automatic quantification of the bronchial wall thickness by using 2 different assessment techniques. Materials and Methods: The results from the commonly used full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) principle and a new technique (integral-based method [IBM]) were compared for thin-section multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) data sets from an airway phantom containing 10 different tubular airway phantoms and in a human subsegmental bronchus in vivo. Correlation with the actual wall thickness and comparison of the wall thicknesses assessed for different voxel sizes …

Pixelmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPhantoms ImagingComputed tomographyField of viewBronchiBronchographycomputer.software_genreImaging phantomRadiographic Image EnhancementFull width at half maximumVoxelApproximation errorComputer GraphicsMedicineHumansRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingbusinessNuclear medicineTomography X-Ray ComputedImage resolutioncomputerSoftwareJournal of computer assisted tomography
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Damage accumulation in a carbon/epoxy composite : Comparison between a multiscale model and computed tomography experimental results

2012

International audience; High-resolution computed tomography has been carried out for carbon/epoxy laminates loaded in situ to failure. The experimental data allows major damage mechanisms to be quantified in 3D, in an unambiguous and mechanically representative way, where previous experimental analysis is limited. A multi-scale model that predicts damage accumulation in tensile loaded composites is compared to the experimental analysis, to validate the underpinning assumptions within the model and overall performance. The model considers the random nature of fibre-strengths, stress transfer resulting from fibre breaks, fibre/matrix debonding and viscosity of the matrix. Assumptions within t…

Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs)Materials scienceComposite number[ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsExperimental data02 engineering and technologyEpoxy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyStress transfer[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsStress (mechanics)Matrix (mathematics)Viscosity020303 mechanical engineering & transportsFracture0203 mechanical engineeringMechanics of Materialsvisual_artUltimate tensile strengthCeramics and Compositesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumFracture (geology)Composite material0210 nano-technologyComputed tomography
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Intraoperative Scintigraphy With Portable Gamma Camera for the Localization of Interaortocaval Paraganglioma

2021

A 15-year-old adolescent girl diagnosed of interaortocaval paraganglioma with a positive 123I-MIGB SPECT/CT and 1 unsuccessful prior surgery was operated on with the assistance of a handheld gamma camera. Once the lesion was located and removed, 2 images were taken, one of the surgical field (without 123I-MIGB uptake) and another of the tumor ex vivo (with high 123I-MIGB uptake), confirming that the lesion had been satisfactorily excised. This case highlights the use of a portable gamma camera as a useful tool to locate this rare tumor, with a SPECT/CT positive for 123I-MIGB and a difficult anatomical location suspected.

Prior SurgerySingle Photon Emission Computed Tomography Computed TomographyAdolescentmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineScintigraphymedicine.diseaselaw.inventionParagangliomaLesionRare tumorParagangliomalawmedicineHumansFemaleGamma CamerasRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingmedicine.symptomRadionuclide ImagingNuclear medicinebusinessGamma cameraClinical Nuclear Medicine
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Reflexions about imaging technique and examination protocol

2004

Computed tomography as imaging technique is established since decades, especially in examinations of the orbit. New technical development of multi-slice helical CT requires new attention, concerning radiation burden. Always asked is the use of contrast material in orbital examination. Indications and contraindications are discussed.

Protocol (science)medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryHelical computed tomographyComputed tomographyGeneral MedicineHelical ctOrbitContrast mediummedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiologyImaging techniqueNuclear medicinebusinessEuropean Journal of Radiology
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Use of 70 MeV proton beam for medical applications at INFN-LNS: CATANA project

2000

The project CATANA (Centro di Adro Terapia ed Applicazioni Nucleari Avanzate) is a collaboration between the INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), Physics Department, Ophthalmology Institute and Radiology Institute of the Catania University and CSFNSM Catania. The main goal of CATANA is the study and the application of protontherapy for the treatment of shallow tumors (4 cm max) like uveal melanomas and subfoveal macular degenerations.

Proton computed tomographymedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryMedicinePatient treatmentMedical physicsbusinessNuclear medicineNeutron dosimetryAIP Conference Proceedings
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Airway distensibility by HRCT in asthmatics and COPD with comparable airway obstruction.

2013

Introduction: Decreased airway distensibility (AD) in response to deep inspirations, as assessed by HRCT, has been associated with the severity of asthma and COPD. Aims: The current study was designed to compare the magnitude of AD by HRCT in individuals with asthma and COPD with comparable degrees of bronchial obstruction, and to explore factors that may influence it. Results: We enrolled a total of 12 asthmatics (M/F:7/5) and 8 COPD (7/1) with comparable degree of bronchial obstruction (FEV1% predicted mean±SEM: 69.1 ± 5.2% and 61.2 ± 5.0%, respectively; p = 0.31). Each subject underwent chest HRCT at FRC and at TLC. A total of 701 airways (range 20 to 38 airway per subject; 2.0 to 23.1 m…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyVital CapacityLung Volume MeasurementSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioImagingDeep inspirationPulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveInternal medicineForced Expiratory VolumeMultidetector Computed TomographyMedicineHumansLung volumesBronchial obstructionLungAsthmaAgedCOPDbusiness.industryrespiratory systemAirway obstructionMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseAsthmarespiratory tract diseasesLung volumeAirway distensibility Asthma COPDSpirometryCardiologyFemaleRadiologyAirwaybusinessLung Volume MeasurementsHumanCOPD
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Halo Sign and Eosinophilia: What Is Your Diagnosis?

2018

Blood eosinophilia associated with transient and migrating nodules with a halo sign on chest computed tomography scan should suggest larva migrans related to toxocariasis or <i>ascaris suum</i>.

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdultPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyComputed tomography030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingHalo signLarva migrans03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineparasitic diseasesEosinophiliaMedicineEosinophilia[ SDV.MHEP.HEM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/HematologyHumansLarva migransAscaris suumHalo signLungmedicine.diagnostic_testbiologybusiness.industry[SDV.MHEP.HEM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematologyrespiratory systemmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classification3. Good health030220 oncology & carcinogenesisToxocariasisLarva Migrans Visceralmedicine.symptombusiness
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