Search results for "COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY"

Comparison of Sulfur Hexafluoride Microbubble (SonoVue)-Enhanced Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography With Gated Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomo…

2013

Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare sulfur hexafluoride microbubble (SonoVue)-enhanced myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) relative to coronary angiography (CA) for assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD). Background Small-scale studies have shown that myocardial perfusion assessed by SonoVue-enhanced MCE is a viable alternative to SPECT for CAD assessment. However, large multicenter studies are lacking. Methods Patients referred for myocardial ischemia testing at 34 centers underwent rest/vasodilator SonoVue-enhanced flash-replenishment MCE, standard Tc-99m-labeled electrocardiography-gated SPECT, and quanti…

Coronary CT angiography: a guide to examination, interpretation, and clinical indications

2021

Introduction: The introduction of Cardiac Computed Tomography (CCT) has changed the paradigm in the field of diagnostic cardiovascular medicine. CCT is the primary tool in the assessment of suspected Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and should be followed by functional assessment when needed to stratify disease and to plan potential interventional or surgical therapy. Areas Covered: We provided the current state of the knowledge on the main aspects of technique of examination, image interpretation and clinical indications. We have focused our attention on the basic routine applications and activities. Expert Opinion: The primary role of CCT in suspected CAD will progressively become the standa…

Sonography and computed tomography in the diagnosis of orbitocranial malformations and tumors

1987

Standardized sonography and CT scanning have distinct advantages and disadvantages in the evaluation of patients with orbital diseases. Echography provides an efficient screening examination in patients presenting with signs and symptoms of orbital pathology. It allows the detection, localization, measurement and in almost 80% differentiation of orbital lesions. High resolution CT scanning gives an excellent topographic display of masses in the orbit. In visualization of intracranial causes of orbital processes and demonstration of changes in the posterior third of the orbit, in the orbital bones and the periorbital sinuses it is superior to ultrasonography.

Zum Einsatz des Ultraschalls in der Diagnostik von Nase und Nasennebenhöhlen

2005

Ultrasound is commonly performed to diagnose pathological processes of the neck and the salivary glands. In contrast, pathological changes of the sinuses and the bony structures of the face are only rarely examined sonographically. This paper deals with the diagnostic scope of ultrasound in the case of orbital and nasal fractures as well as for cases of sinus pathology excluding acute sinusitis. 51 patients with different diseases of this area were examined using US and X-ray or CT scan. Fractures of the nose could all be diagnosed correctly by ultrasound, which is of clinical importance if children or pregnant patients are examined. Blow-out fractures of the orbit were not detected. In con…

Advancing frontiers in rheumatic and musculoskeletal imaging.

2021

AbstractIn recent years, technological improvements allowed imaging modalities to become increasingly essential in achieving early and precise diagnoses in the field of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs). To date, imaging examinations are routinely used in all steps of diagnostic and therapeutic care pathways of patients affected by RMDs. The articles published in this Article Collection clearly show the efforts of researchers to find innovative applications of musculoskeletal imaging in clinical practice and to face the crucial challenges that remain in the interpretation and quality control of images. Highly performing diagnostic technologies are currently available to early di…

Prospective Validation of Facial Nerve Monitoring to Prevent Nerve Damage During Robotic Drilling

2019

Facial nerve damage has a detrimental effect on a patient's life, therefore safety mechanisms to ensure its preservation are essential during lateral skull base surgery. During robotic cochlear implantation a trajectory passing the facial nerve at <0.5 mm is needed. Recently a stimulation probe and nerve monitoring approach were developed and introduced clinically, however for patient safety no trajectory was drilled closer than 0.4 mm. Here we assess the performance of the nerve monitoring system at closer distances. In a sheep model eight trajectories were drilled to test the setup followed by 12 trajectories during which the ENT surgeon relied solely on the nerve monitoring system and…

2014

Management of osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with antiresorptive agents is challenging, and outcomes are unpredictable. The severity of disease is the main guide to management, and can help to predict prognosis. Most available staging systems for osteonecrosis, including the widely-used American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) system, classify severity on the basis of clinical and radiographic findings. However, clinical inspection and radiography are limited in their ability to identify the extent of necrotic bone disease compared with computed tomography (CT). We have organised a large multicentre retrospective study (known as MISSION) to investigate the agreem…

Effect of Computed Tomography on Diagnosis of Neurological Disease

1981

Computed tomography is generally considered to be the most reliable and, indeed, the definitive diagnostic technique for demonstration of brain tumors. Approximately 98% of intracra-nial lesions are detected with CT. However, extremely high sensitivity is not the only advantage of CT in diagnosis of intracranial tumors. Accuracy in determining histological type, visualization of anatomical relations to important brain structures, knowledge of the growth pattern, and evidence of space-occupying effects of the tumor are at least as important for the neurosurgeon. In effect, CT studies allow definition of the entire complex “intracranial space-occupying process” by means of a single procedure …

Role of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in local complications of acute pancreatitis

2019

Acute pancreatitis (AP) represents a pancreas inflammation of sudden onset that can present different degrees of severity. AP is a frequent cause of acute abdomen and its complications are still a cause of death. Biliary calculosis and alcohol abuse are the most frequent cause of AP. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are not necessary for the diagnosis of AP but they are fundamental tools for the identification of the cause, degree severity and AP complications. AP severity assessment is in fact one of the most important issue in disease management. Contrast-enhanced CT is preferred in the emergency setting and is considered the gold standard in patients with AP.…

Stump appendicitis. A case report

2016

Highlights • Stump appendicitis (SA) is a rare, but noteworthy, diagnosis that warrants early detection. • Delay in the diagnosis of SA may result in serious complications like stump gangrene, perforation and peritonitis. • More research is needed to identify strategies to prevent SA. • We underline the emergent role of lower endoscopy to clarify diagnosis resolve the symptoms. • Surgeons need to have a heightened awareness of the possibility of SA.