Search results for "CONDENSATION"

showing 10 items of 468 documents

CHP (combined heat and power) retrofit for a large MED-TVC (multiple effect distillation along with thermal vapour compression) desalination plant: H…

2016

Abstract Integrated power plants in “dual purpose” configuration may represent a viable option for energy cost abatement of desalted water produced by MED-TVC (Multiple Effect Distillation along with Thermal Vapour Compression). In this paper an existing large MED-TVC plant with a 36,000 m 3 /day capacity is studied: a plant retrofit is designed, based on a steam power plant with condensation and steam extraction used to drive the steam ejector. As the plant operates in CHP (Combined Heat and Power) mode, the possibility to assess the integrated “CHP + MED-TVC” as high efficiency cogeneration according to Directive 2004/8/EC is discussed. Based on a model developed in Engineering Equation S…

Engineering020209 energyFraction (chemistry)02 engineering and technologySteam-electric power stationMultiple effect distillationDesalinationIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionCogenerationHigh efficiency CHP020401 chemical engineeringlaw0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringSettore ING-IND/10 - Fisica Tecnica Industriale0204 chemical engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringCivil and Structural EngineeringCogenerationWaste managementbusiness.industryDesalinationMechanical EngineeringCondensationPrimary energy savingBuilding and ConstructionInjectorPollutionThermal vapour compressionPower (physics)General EnergyEnergy (all)Multiple-effect distillationbusiness
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Humic substances as catalysts in condensation reactions

2001

Humic substances (HS) demonstrate appreciable impact on the rate of the condensation reactions as shown in the example of the reaction between hydrazine and 4-(dimethylamino)-benzaldhyde in an aquatic environment. The catalytic activity of HS has also been demonstrated in Knoevenagel and Claisen-Schmidt reactions for condensation of carbonyl compounds with CH acids. The aquatic fulvic acids are the most active in these reactions. The velocity of the studied reactions also depends on pH, temperature, the concentration and origin of HS used. A possible micellar and acid-base catalysis mechanism in aquatic media has been suggested.

Environmental EngineeringChemical PhenomenaHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisHydrazineInorganic chemistryAldehydeCatalysisCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundEnvironmental ChemistryOrganic chemistryHumic acidBenzopyransHumic Substanceschemistry.chemical_classificationClaisen condensationChemistry PhysicalCondensationTemperaturePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationCondensation reactionPollutionchemistryKnoevenagel condensationWater Pollutants ChemicalChemosphere
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Vapour condensation and moisture accumulation in porous building wall

2002

Simultaneous one-dimensional heat and vapour transfer with condensation in a porous wall is analytically investigated. Spatially steady-state distribution of accumulated moisture, less than the critical content, is described. Closed-form analytical expressions for the temperature, condensation rate and moisture content are obtained. The presented model requires material properties which are relatively simple and easy to determine. The results of the paper are illustrated with an example of multilayer building wall under climatic conditions.

Environmental EngineeringMaterials scienceAnalytical expressionsMoistureGeography Planning and DevelopmentCondensationBuilding and ConstructionComposite materialPorosityMaterial propertiesWater contentPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsCivil and Structural EngineeringBuilding and Environment
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A numerical model of the cloud-topped planetary boundary-layer: cloud processing of aerosol particles in marine stratus

1999

Abstract In a numerical study with the one-dimensional chemical microphysical stratus model CHEMISTRA the effect of stratiform clouds on aerosol particles is investigated. The microphysical part of CHEMISTRA consists of a detailed description of cloud microphysical processes by means of a joint two-dimensional particle distribution for aerosols and cloud droplets. In the chemical part of the model the particle spectrum is subdivided into three categories referring to inactivated aerosols, small and large cloud droplets. Aqueous phase chemical reactions are separately treated in the two droplet size classes. Numerical results are presented demonstrating that the uptake of trace gases by clou…

Environmental EngineeringPlanetary boundary layerEcological ModelingEvaporationrespiratory systemAtmospheric sciencescomplex mixturesTrace gasAerosolLiquid water contentCloud condensation nucleiParticleEnvironmental sciencesense organsSea salt aerosolPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsSoftwareEnvironmental Modelling & Software
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Novel Biocompatible Cationic Copolymers Based on Polyaspartylhydrazide Being Potent as Gene Vector on Tumor Cells

2007

Introduction. The reaction between !,"-poly(aspartylhydrazide) (PAHy), a water soluble synthetic polymer and 3-(carboxypropyl)trimethyl-ammonium chloride (CPTACl) produced copolymers bearing permanent positive charges (PAHy–CPTA) with molecular weight of 10 kDa and PAHy–CPTA copolymers differing in positive charge amount (18–58%) were chosen for biological investigations. Materials and methods. Biophysical properties of DNA/PAHy–CPTA polyplexes were evaluated in terms of DNA condensation, zeta potential and size distribution. Cytotoxicity studies on Neuro2A murine neuroblastoma cells evidenced absence of toxicity of these copolymers up to 300 2g/ml unlike linear polyethylenimine (LPEI) that…

Erythrocyte AggregationBiocompatibilityCell SurvivalPolymersPharmaceutical ScienceBiocompatible MaterialsBiologyTransfectionDNA condensationMiceNeuroblastomachemistry.chemical_compoundIn vivoCationsCell Line TumorZeta potentialAnimalsPolyethyleneiminePharmacology (medical)Particle SizeCytotoxicityPharmacologyPolyethylenimineCytotoxicity liver toxicity nonviral gene delivery transfectionDose-Response Relationship DrugLiver DiseasesBody WeightOrganic ChemistryGenetic transferDNATransfectionMolecular WeightLiverchemistryBiochemistryNucleic Acid ConformationMolecular MedicineFemaleChemical and Drug Induced Liver InjuryPeptidesBiotechnologyPharmaceutical Research
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Characterization of ethylene oxide/tert-octylphenol condensates by ultraviolet and infrared spectrometry

1986

Abstract The average degree of condensation of ethylene oxide/tert-octylphenol condensate surfactants can be estimated rapidly by u.v. and i.r. spectrometry. The u.v. method is based on evaluating the specific absorptivity, a , at 275 nm in aqueous ethanol (60:40 v/v), and inserting this value in equations obtained from previously characterized samples, relating a to the average properties to be determined. Infrared spectrometry is applied similarly; the average properties to be determined are related to the ratio between the band heights at 960 and 840 cm −1 . The relative standard deviations ( n = 10) obtained for a sample of Triton X-100 were 2% by u.v. spectrometry, and 3% by i.r. spect…

Ethylene oxideCondensationAnalytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopyAqueous ethanolMolar absorptivityMass spectrometrymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryCharacterization (materials science)chemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrymedicineEnvironmental ChemistrySpectroscopyUltraviolet
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A System for Simultaneous People Tracking and Posture Recognition in the context of Human-Computer Interaction

2005

The paper deals with an artificial-vision based system for simultaneous people tracking and posture recognition In the context of human-computer Interaction. We adopt no particular assumptions on the movement of a person and on Its appearance, making the system suitable to several real-world applications. The system can be roughly subdivided Into two highly correlated phases: tracking and recognition. The tracking phase Is concerned with establishing coherent relations of the same subject between frames. We adopted the Condensation algorithm due to Its robustness In highly cluttered environments. The recognition phase adopts a modified elgenspace technique In order to classify between sever…

ExploitComputer sciencebusiness.industryPosture recognitionTrackingHuman Posture recognitionRoboticsFacial recognition systemMachine visionRobustness (computer science)Gesture recognitionPattern recognitionActivity recognitionEye trackingComputer visionHuman computer interactionCondensation algorithmArtificial intelligenceVisual trackingbusinessGesture
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Depletion in Bose-Einstein condensates using quantum field theory in curved space

2007

5 pages.-- PACS nrs.: 03.75.Kk; 05.30.Jp; 04.62.+v; 04.70.Dy.-- ISI Article Identifier: 000246074600122.-- ArXiv pre-print available at: http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0610367

FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterBose-Einstein condensationGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmologylaw.inventionRenormalizationBOSE EINSTEIN CONDENSATElawQuantum mechanicsAtomSpace-time configurationsQuantum field theoryCurved spacePhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesTemperaturesQuantum field theory in curved spacetimeCondensed Matter::OtherBlack holesQuantum gravityQUANTUM FIELD THEORY IN CURVED SPACEAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterQuantum electrodynamicsQuantum gravitySoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Bose–Einstein condensateHawking radiationOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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Condensation nuclei measurements at theGeorg von Neumayer-Station (F.R.G.), Coastal Antarctica

1991

The analysis of nearly continuous records of surface-based atmospheric condensation nucleiconcentration (CNC) since 1984 up to the present at the Georg von Neumayer-Station (GvN) shows clearly: u - an annual cycle of CNC with low values in winter time; - a significantly increasing frequency of CNC of more than 1000 particles per cm3 over the years.

Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesAtmospheric ScienceEnvironmental EngineeringChemistryMechanical EngineeringCondensationCloud condensation nucleiWinter timeAnnual cycleAtmospheric sciencesPollutionJournal of Aerosol Science
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Measurements of atmospheric condensation nuclei size distributions in Siberia

1992

Abstract The least investigated atmospheric aerosol is the one in remote continental areas. In this study, measurements of condensation nuclei size distributions near Lake Baikal, Siberia, were performed. Data for total aerosol number concentration and aerosol size distribution were obtained. The measurement equipment consisted of a TSI screen diffusion battery (SDB) Model 3040 and a TSI condensational nuclei counter (CNC) Model 3020. The average aerosol number concentration was about 104 cm−3. The evolution of aerosol number concentration during the day is correlated with the solar radiation. The inversion problem was solved using Tihonov's regularisation procedure. The possibility of appl…

Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesAtmospheric ScienceEnvironmental EngineeringMeteorologyMechanical EngineeringRadiusRadiationAtmospheric sciencesPollutionAerosolCloud condensation nucleiEnvironmental scienceParticle sizeDiffusion (business)Journal of Aerosol Science
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