Search results for "CONDENSED MATTER"

showing 10 items of 13918 documents

Optical investigation of spin-crossover in cobalt(II) bis-terpy complexes

2007

Abstract The spin transition of the [Co(terpy) 2 ] 2+ complex (terpy = 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine) is analysed based on experimental data from optical spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The single crystal absorption spectrum of [Co(terpy) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 2 shows an asymmetric absorption band at 14 400 cm −1 with an intensity typical for a spin-allowed d–d transition and a temperature behaviour typical for a thermal spin transition. The single crystal absorption spectra of suggest that in this compound, the complex is essentially in the high-spin state at all temperatures. However, the increase in intensity observed in the region of the low-spin MLCT transition with increasing te…

education.field_of_studyAbsorption spectroscopyChemistryPopulationRelaxation (NMR)Analytical chemistrySpin transitionMagnetic susceptibilityInorganic ChemistryCrystallographyAbsorption bandSpin crossoverddc:540Materials ChemistryCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryeducationSingle crystalInorganica Chimica Acta
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High-spin → low-spin relaxation in the two-step spincrossover compound [Fe(pic)3]Cl2EtOH (pic = 2-picolylamine)

1998

Abstract The spin-crossover compound [Fe(pic) 3 ]Cl 2 EtOH (pic = 2-picolylamine) shows an unusual two-step spin transition. This is thought to be caused by specific nearest-neighbour interactions and short-range correlations and requires a theoretical treatment of the elastic interactions between the spin-changing molecules beyond the mean-field approximation. Such short-range correlations also influence the high-spin → low-spin relaxation following the light-induced population of the high-spin state at cryogenic temperatures, leading to characteristic deviations from the predictions of a mean-field treatment. These deviations are directly observable by comparison of the full and unperturb…

education.field_of_studyAbsorption spectroscopyCondensed matter physicsChemistryPopulationMonte Carlo methodSpin transitionObservableGeneral ChemistryFe(II) compundsCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsHigh spin-low spin relaxationddc:540Relaxation (physics)MoleculeGeneral Materials ScienceeducationTwo-step spin transitionSpin-½Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids
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(R)-(−)-Quinuclidin-3-ol

2013

The structure of the title compound [alternatively called (R)-(−)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-ol], C7H13NO, at 100 K has hexagonal (P61) symmetry. The structure shows a twist along the C—N pseudo-threefold axis. In the crystal, molecules are linkedviaO—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming infinite chains along thec-axis direction. The crystal studied was twinned by merohedry (twin law: 010, 100, 00-1; population: 0.925:0.075)

education.field_of_studyBicyclic moleculeHydrogen bondChemistryPopulationGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsBioinformaticsOrganic PapersCrystalCrystallographyGeneral Materials ScienceSymmetry (geometry)TwisteducationActa Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online
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Palaeogenetics and cultural heritage. Species determination and STR-genotyping from ancient DNA in art and artefacts

2000

Abstract In recent years, a few papers have addressed the palaeogenetic analysis of cultural, historical and archaeological artefacts. We provide an overview of the individual published articles and then describe the results we had in the framework of a palaeogenetic research project involving various historical and prehistoric finds from museums, archaeological excavations, and libraries. We show that ancient DNA can be isolated from most of the various biomaterials (leather, parchment, glue, binding media, crusted organic plant remains in containers). Short pieces of degraded DNA are used, on the one hand, to determine the organic remnant’s genus/species of origin, and on the other hand, …

education.field_of_studyBiological dataParchmentPopulationCondensed Matter PhysicsGenealogyArchaeological scienceCultural heritagePrehistoryGeographyAncient DNAPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryeducationInstrumentationGenotypingThermochimica Acta
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Hartree - Fock simulation of the Ag/MgO interface structure

1996

The atomic and electronic structure of the Ag/MgO interface are calculated using an ab initio Hartree - Fock computer code and a supercell model of a silver monolayer atop three layers of MgO substrate. The band structure, electronic density distribution and densities of states are analysed in detail for isolated and interacting slabs of a metal and MgO. The energetically most favoured adsorption position for Ag atoms is found to be above the O atoms, with the binding energy of 0.20 eV and the equilibrium Ag - O distance of 2.64 A. Neither appreciable charge transfer in the interfacial region, nor considerable population of bonds between the silver monolayer and the insulating substrate tak…

education.field_of_studyChemistryBinding energyPopulationAb initioHartree–Fock methodElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMonolayerPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersGeneral Materials SciencePhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicseducationElectronic band structureElectronic densityJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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Comparative parallel characterization of particle populations with two mass spectrometric systems LAMPAS 2 and SPASS

2006

Abstract Two transportable laser mass spectrometers, Single Particle Analysis and Sizing System (SPASS) and Laser Mass Analyzer for Particles in the Airborne State (LAMPAS 2), have been applied to investigate the dependence of spectra patterns on instrumental parameters and data evaluation procedures in an inter-comparison experiment. Laboratory experiments showed the spectral response of both instruments for mineral particles before and after heterogeneous reactions. During a period of 47 h, both instruments determined size and chemical composition of several thousand single particles of an ambient particle population. Time-resolved evaluation (1-h resolution) of specific ion signals, whic…

education.field_of_studyChemistryPopulationAnalytical chemistrySingle particle analysisCondensed Matter PhysicsMass spectrometrySpectral lineAerosolParticleParticle sizePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCluster analysisBiological systemeducationInstrumentationSpectroscopyInternational Journal of Mass Spectrometry
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Conformational equilibrium of chorismate. A QM/MM theoretical study combining statistical simulations and geometry optimisations in gas phase and in …

2003

We report a theoretical study on the conformational equilibrium of chorismate that precedes its rearrangement to prephenate, an important enzyme-catalyzed reaction. In first place we show that the usual classification of chorismate conformers based on the relative position of the hydroxyl and ether bridge, pseudo-diaxial and pseudo-diequatorial, is not the only relevant factor from the point of view of the a posteriori rearrangement. Here we also analyse another complementary geometrical classification based on the interatomic distance between the carbon atoms to be bounded. Using the umbrella sampling approach and this distance as distinguished internal reaction coordinate, the gas phase A…

education.field_of_studyChemistryPopulationThermodynamicsDihedral angleCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryReaction coordinateFree energy perturbationQM/MMComputational chemistryPotential energy surfacePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryUmbrella samplingeducationConformational isomerismJournal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
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Nonlinear Relaxation in Population Dynamics

2001

We analyze the nonlinear relaxation of a complex ecosystem composed of many interacting species. The ecological system is described by generalized Lotka-Volterra equations with a multiplicative noise. The transient dynamics is studied in the framework of the mean field theory and with random interaction between the species. We focus on the statistical properties of the asymptotic behaviour of the time integral of the i-th population and on the distribution of the population and of the local field.

education.field_of_studyDistribution (number theory)Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Applied MathematicsPopulationFOS: Physical sciencesDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksMultiplicative noiseQuantitative BiologyNonlinear systemMean field theoryModeling and SimulationFOS: Biological sciencesQuantitative Biology::Populations and EvolutionGeometry and TopologyRelaxation (approximation)Statistical physicseducationFocus (optics)Local fieldCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsQuantitative Biology (q-bio)Mathematics
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A study of physical processes in microplasma capillary discharges

2011

We continue the research of low-pressure capillary discharge lamps of 500  μ m in radius in Ar/Hg, Kr/Hg and Xe/Hg mixtures. In the previous paper, an experimental approach which combines the optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and tomographic methods was developed to study the capillary discharge. The present work is focused on interpretation of the tomographic reconstruction results for understanding the physical processes occurring in a capillary plasma. Analyzing the results of reconstruction, it was concluded that the radial profiles of Ar, Kr and Xe emission coefficients are in a good agreement with the Schottky theory. According to the Schottky model, ionization processes in plasma a…

education.field_of_studyGas-discharge lampAmbipolar diffusionCapillary actionChemistryPopulationAnalytical chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIonlaw.inventionCapillary PlasmalawIonizationElectron temperatureeducationInstrumentationThe European Physical Journal Applied Physics
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A new phase in ferroelectric oxides: The phase of charge transfer vibronic excitons

2001

It is shown, by means of Hartree-Fock-type calculations using the intermediate neglect of the differential overlap (INDO) method, that polaronic-type charge transfer vibronic excitons (CTVE) in ferroelectric oxides could lead to the formation of a new phase. The ground-state energy of this phase of strongly correlated CTVE lies within an optical gap of pure crystal, and is characterized by a strong tetragonal lattice distortion, as well as ferroelectric and antiferromagnetic ordering. It is shown also that clusters of the CTVE phase being stabilized by oxygen vacancies could be responsible for the unusually strong optical Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) in nominally pure incipient ferroele…

education.field_of_studyMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsExcitonPopulationGeneral Physics and AstronomyFerroelectricityCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceTetragonal crystal systemchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryElectric fieldPhase (matter)Strontium titanateAntiferromagnetismeducationEurophysics Letters (EPL)
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