Search results for "CONDUCTIVITY"

showing 10 items of 1988 documents

Thermoelectric Effects: Semiclassical and Quantum Approaches from the Boltzmann Transport Equation

2013

The thermoelectric efficiency of a material depends on its electronic and phononic properties. It is normally given in terms of the dimensionless figure of merit Z T = σ S 2 T ∕ κ. The parameters involved in Z T are the electrical conductivity σ, the Seebeck coefficient S, and the thermal conductivity κ. The thermal conductivity has two contributions, κ = κ e + κ L , the electron thermal conductivity κ e and the lattice thermal conductivity κ L . In this chapter all these parameters will be deduced for metals and semiconductors, starting from the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE). The electrical conductivity, the Seebeck coefficient, and the electronic thermal conductivity will be obtained…

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceThermal conductivityCondensed matter physicsPhononElectrical resistivity and conductivityCondensed Matter::SuperconductivitySeebeck coefficientTransport coefficientThermoelectric effectElectronPhysics::Classical PhysicsBoltzmann equation
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Fermion pairing with spin-density imbalance in an optical lattice

2006

We consider pairing in a two-component atomic Fermi gas, in a three-dimensional optical lattice, when the components have unequal densities, i.e. the gas is polarized. We show that a superfluid where the translational symmetry is broken by a finite Cooper pair momentum, namely an FFLO-type state, minimizes the Helmholtz free energy of the system. We demonstrate that such a state is clearly visible in the observable momentum distribution of the atoms, and analyze the dependence of the order parameter and the momentum distribution on the filling fraction and the interaction strength.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesOptical latticeCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityGeneral Physics and AstronomyMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesFermion01 natural sciences114 Physical sciences010305 fluids & plasmasMomentumSuperfluiditySuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)PairingCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesCooper pair010306 general physicsFermi gasTranslational symmetry
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Finite temperature phase diagram of a polarized Fermi gas in an optical lattice

2007

We present phase diagrams for a polarized Fermi gas in an optical lattice as a function of temperature, polarization, and lattice filling factor. We consider the Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO), Sarma or breached pair (BP), and BCS phases, and the normal state and phase separation. We show that the FFLO phase appears in a considerable portion of the phase diagram. The diagrams have two critical points of different nature. We show how various phases leave clear signatures to momentum distributions of the atoms which can be observed after time of flight expansion.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesOptical latticeCondensed matter physicsFilling factorCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPolarization (waves)01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Condensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterTime of flightLattice (order)Phase (matter)Condensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsFermi gasOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)Phase diagram
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Sound velocity and dimensional crossover in a superfluid Fermi gas in an optical lattice

2005

We study the sound velocity in cubic and non-cubic three-dimensional optical lattices. We show how the van Hove singularity of the free Fermi gas is smoothened by interactions and eventually vanishes when interactions are strong enough. For non-cubic lattices, we show that the speed of sound (Bogoliubov-Anderson phonon) shows clear signatures of dimensional crossover both in the 1D and 2D limits.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesOptical latticeCondensed matter physicsPhononCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityCrossoverVan Hove singularityFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmasSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)SuperfluiditySingularitySpeed of soundQuantum mechanicsCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons010306 general physicsFermi gas
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Co-existence and shell structures of several superfluids in trapped three-component Fermi mixtures

2006

We study the properties of a trapped interacting three component Fermi gas. We assume that one of the components can have a different mass from the other two. We calculate the different phases of the three component mixture and find a rich variety of different phases corresponding to different pairing channels, and simple ways of tuning the system from one phase to another. In particular, we predict co-existence of several different superfluids in the trap, forming a shell structure, and phase transitions from this mixture of superfluids to a single superfluid when the system parameters or temperature is varied. Such shell structures realize superfluids with a non-trivial spatial topology a…

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhase transitionCondensed matter physicsComponent (thermodynamics)Condensed Matter - SuperconductivityShell (structure)FOS: Physical sciencesObservable01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics3. Good health010305 fluids & plasmasSuperfluiditySuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)PairingPhase (matter)0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsFermi gas
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Quasiparticles, coherence and nonlinearity: exact simulations of RF-spectroscopy of strongly interacting one-dimensional Fermi gases

2008

We consider RF-spectroscopy of ultracold Fermi gases by exact simulations of the many-body state and the coherent dynamics in one dimension. Deviations from the linear response sum rule result are found to suppress the pairing contribution to the RF line shifts. We compare the coherent rotation and quasiparticle descriptions of RF-spectroscopy which are analogous to NMR experiments in superfluid $^3$He and tunneling in solids, respectively. We suggest that RF-spectroscopy in ultracold gases provides an interesting crossover between these descriptions that could be used for studying decoherence in quantum measurement, in the context of many-body quantum states.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum decoherenceCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityFOS: Physical sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSuperfluiditySuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Condensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterQuantum statePairingQuantum mechanicsQuasiparticleSum rule in quantum mechanicsSpectroscopyCoherence (physics)Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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BCS-BEC Crossover in Atomic Fermi Gases with a Narrow Resonance

2006

We determine the effects on the BCS-BEC crossover of the energy dependence of the effective two-body interaction, which at low energies is determined by the effective range. To describe interactions with an effective range of either sign, we consider a single-channel model with a two-body interaction having an attractive square well and a repulsive square barrier. We investigate the two-body scattering properties of the model, and then solve the Eagles-Leggett equations for the zero temperature crossover, determining the momentum dependent gap and the chemical potential self-consistently. From this we investigate the dependence of the crossover on the effective range of the interaction.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesRange (particle radiation)Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed matter physicsNuclear TheoryCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityCrossoverFOS: Physical sciencesBCS theoryTwo-body problemResonance (particle physics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)MomentumCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsScattering theoryFermi gas
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Coherence and clock shifts in ultracold fermi gases with resonant interactions.

2007

Using arguments based on sum rules, we derive a general result for the average shifts of rf lines in Fermi gases in terms of interatomic interaction strengths and two-particle correlation functions. We show that near an interaction resonance shifts vary inversely with the atomic scattering length, rather than linearly as in dilute gases, thus accounting for the experimental observation that clock shifts remain finite at Feshbach resonances.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed Matter - SuperconductivityGeneral Physics and AstronomyResonanceFOS: Physical sciencesScattering lengthSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsAtomic physicsFermi gasFeshbach resonanceFermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopeCoherence (physics)Physical review letters
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Evidence for phonon skew scattering in the spin Hall effect of platinum

2018

We measure and analyze the effective spin Hall angle of platinum in the low-residual resistivity regime by second-harmonic measurements of the spin-orbit torques for a multilayer of $\mathrm{Pt}|\mathrm{Co}|{\mathrm{AlO}}_{x}$. An angular-dependent study of the torques allows us to extract the effective spin Hall angle responsible for the damping-like torque in the system. We observe a strikingly nonmonotonic and reproducible temperature dependence of the torques. This behavior is compatible with recent theoretical predictions which include both intrinsic and extrinsic (impurities and phonons) contributions to the spin Hall effect at finite temperatures.

PhysicsCondensed matter physics530 PhysicsPhononScatteringddc:530chemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology530 PhysikCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)chemistryImpurityElectrical resistivity and conductivity0103 physical sciencesSpin Hall effectddc:530Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyPlatinumSpin-½Physical Review B
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Band Tails in a Disordered System

1993

In crystalline solids electronic excitations have a band structure. Energy intervals, in which excitations occur, are separated by band gaps, where the density of electronic states vanishes. At the band edge the density-of-states (DOS) has power law singularities, so-called van Hove singularities.

PhysicsCondensed matter physicsBand gapCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityCoherent potential approximationGravitational singularityEdge (geometry)Electronic band structurePower lawEnergy (signal processing)Electronic states
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