Search results for "CONFLICT"

Evaluation of the Safety Performance of Turbo Roundabouts by Means of a Potential Accident Rate Mode

2015

Turbo roundabouts are a particular road intersection layout, designed to increase the safety of double-lane roundabouts, while maintaining their excellent capacity. The main feature of this new concept of roundabout is the impossibility to move from one lane to another, provided by physical barriers marking the lanes. The paper shows an application to turbo roundabouts of a potential accident rate model, aiming to evaluate their safety improvement. Themodel is based on the concept of potential conflict: each vehicle involved in a general intersection performs a series of maneuvers which potentially imply a crash, according to the actual traffic. The number of accidents related to each criti…

Strengthening Safety Compliance in Nuclear Power Operations: A Role-Based Approach

2014

Safety compliance is of paramount importance in guaranteeing the safe running of nuclear power plants. However, it depends mostly on procedures that do not always involve the safest outcomes. This article introduces an empirical model based on the organizational role theory to analyze the influence of legitimate sources of expectations (procedures formalization and leadership) on workers' compliance behaviors. The sample was composed of 495 employees from two Spanish nuclear power plants. Structural equation analysis showed that, in spite of some problematic effects of proceduralization (such as role conflict and role ambiguity), procedure formalization along with an empowering leadership s…

Rôle des institutions de microfinance dans le financement de l’entrepreneuriat féminin

2020

Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) are responsible for lending money to people who do not have sufficient collateral to access the formal banking system. These organizations participate in the development of entrepreneurship by funding women's projects. Several actors, who intervene around this contractual relationship between MFIs and women, may follow different objectives and interests, which can be a source of inefficiency. This contribution examines the determinants of the credit supply of MFIs intended for female entrepreneurship in the 8 countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA). Our results show that if the volume of subsidies, equity and indebtedness of MFIs ha…

Reducing the Cost of Being the Boss: Authentic Leadership Suppresses the Effect of Role Stereotype Conflict on Antisocial Behaviors in Leaders and En…

2021

What drives entrepreneurs to engage in antisocial economic behaviors? Without dismissing entrepreneurs’ agency in their decision-making processes, our study aims to answer this question by proposing that antisocial economic behaviors are a dysfunctional coping mechanism to reduce the psychological tension that entrepreneurs face in their day-to-day activities. Further, given the overlap between the male gender role stereotype and both leader and entrepreneur role stereotypes, this psychological tension should be stronger in female entrepreneurs (or any person who identifies with the female gender role). We argue that besides the well-established female gender role – leader role incongruence…

Inter-basin water transfer conflicts. The case of the Tagus-Segura Aqueduct (Spain)

2020

Since its inauguration in 1979, the Tagus-Segura Aqueduct has become one of the hydraulic infrastructures that have given rise to the highest number of inter-regional conflicts in Spain during recent decades. The aim of this paper is to analyse the political, social, environmental and economic conflicts presented in the donor (Tagus) and recipient (Segura) basins of this infrastructure. To this end, through the holding of interviews with the main stakeholders and an analysis of the regulations, an assessment has been made of the results (for and against) of those who defend maintaining this infrastructure, owing to its far-reaching social and economic impact, and those who advocate its imme…

Breaking the barriers of animosity: innovation in business models as a positioning strategy

2021

Consumer animosity is often studied in the large economies of the world, in order to explain the negative feelings generated by an individual towards another country and its products, due to various political, economic and social conflicts. This study presents three specific developments in this field. First, to demonstrate how companies in the retail sector have been able to develop innovations in their business models through their shops and virtual channels, which generate a positive positioning in the mind of the consumer, capable of minimizing animosity towards them. In this way it is shown that a consumer can have strong feelings of patriotism, animosity and ethnocentrism, and yet a p…

Bayesian Checking of the Second Levels of Hierarchical Models

2007

Hierarchical models are increasingly used in many applications. Along with this increased use comes a desire to investigate whether the model is compatible with the observed data. Bayesian methods are well suited to eliminate the many (nuisance) parameters in these complicated models; in this paper we investigate Bayesian methods for model checking. Since we contemplate model checking as a preliminary, exploratory analysis, we concentrate on objective Bayesian methods in which careful specification of an informative prior distribution is avoided. Numerous examples are given and different proposals are investigated and critically compared.

FRANCO, Borja; POMARA, Bruno; LOMAS, Manuel; RUIZ, Bárbara (eds.). "Identidades cuestionadas. Coexistencia y conflictos interreligiosos en el Mediter…

2016

Introduction du rapport national du thème de 2004 : "Quelles réponses peut-on apporter aux nouvelles formes de conflictualités au XXIe siècle ?"

2005

L'auteur a réalisé la synthèse nationale des travaux des auditeurs et rédigé l'introduction de ce rapport.; International audience

Negociación y conflicto colectivo en Francia

2013

International audience; Available online: https://roderic.uv.es/bitstream/handle/10550/30246/arxius28.pdf_pag21-28.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y This paper aims at analyzing the relations between collective bargaining and trade disputes, two capital pillars of Labour and Employment Law. If strike has traditionally been considered as an instrumental mechanism for collective bargaining, this paper shows how this claim does not stand for France, where these two key institutions keep a different relationship, in which collective bargaining is being given the role of preventing or reducing the impact of the strike.; Available online: https://roderic.uv.es/bitstream/handle/10550/30246/arxius28.pdf_p…