Search results for "CONGENERS"

showing 10 items of 12 documents

The swinholide biosynthesis gene cluster from a terrestrial cyanobacterium, Nostoc sp. strain UHCC 0450

2017

ABSTRACT Swinholides are 42-carbon ring polyketides with a 2-fold axis of symmetry. They are potent cytotoxins that disrupt the actin cytoskeleton. Swinholides were discovered from the marine sponge Theonella sp. and were long suspected to be produced by symbiotic bacteria. Misakinolide, a structural variant of swinholide, was recently demonstrated to be the product of a symbiotic heterotrophic proteobacterium. Here, we report the production of swinholide A by an axenic strain of the terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. strain UHCC 0450. We located the 85-kb trans -AT polyketide synthase (PKS) swinholide biosynthesis gene cluster from a draft genome of Nostoc sp. UHCC 0450. The swinholide …

0301 basic medicinemarine environmentterrestrial environmentDIVERSITYcyanobacteria01 natural sciencesApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBiochemistryTrans-AT PKSMARINE CYANOBACTERIAGene clusterEnvironmental MicrobiologyskeletonSPONGE THEONELLA-SWINHOEISpotlightAxenicNostocgene transfertoxinSwinholide1183 Plant biology microbiology virologyPhylogenychemistry.chemical_classificationEcologybiologyAnabaena sp.ChemistryAnabaenaHorizontal gene transferKetonesbacteriumenzyme activityphylogeneticsINSIGHTSBiochemistryMultigene Familyhorizontal gene transferscytophycinScandium compoundspolyketidesBiotechnologyNostoctrans-AT PKSScytophycinNONRIBOSOMAL PEPTIDEBiosynthesisCyanobacteriaswinholideCYTOTOXIC DIMERIC MACROLIDES03 medical and health sciencesPolyketideBacterial ProteinsNonribosomal peptidecyanobacteriumPolyketide synthaseProteobacteriaCONGENERSCandidatus Entotheonellabovine spongiform encephalopathygeneNostoc sp.Bacteriacatalysis010405 organic chemistryProteinsSequence Analysis DNAbiology.organism_classificationActin cytoskeletonAnabaenaEVOLUTION"Candidatus Entotheonella"0104 chemical sciencesenzymeNATURAL-PRODUCT DISCOVERY030104 developmental biologyGenesPolyketidesbiology.proteingene expressionbacteria“Candidatus Entotheonella”Theonella sp.Marine ToxinsPolyketide SynthasesFood Sciencecatalyst
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Long-term effects of oral and transdermal hormone replacement therapy on plasma homocysteine levels.

2003

Objective To compare the long-term effects of oral and transdermal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on serum homocysteine levels in postmenopausal women. Design An open, prospective, controlled study. Seventy-five healthy postmenopausal women were recruited as eligible for the study. Fifty women seeking HRT were randomized to receive continuous 17beta-estradiol, either by oral (2 mg daily; n = 25) or transdermal (50 microg daily; n = 25) administration, plus 10 mg dydrogesterone daily for 14 days of each 28-day cycle. Twenty-five women unwilling to receive hormone treatment received only calcium supplementation, representing the control group. Fasting blood samples were analyzed at baselin…

Oralmedicine.medical_specialtyAdministration CutaneouHomocysteineEstronemedicine.medical_treatmentHRTAdministration OralEstroneDydrogesteroneAdministration CutaneousGastroenterologylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundFollicle-stimulating hormoneRandomized controlled triallawReference ValuesInternal medicineMedicineHumansReference ValueProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyHomocysteineTransdermalEstradiolProgesterone Congenersbusiness.industryEstrogen Replacement TherapyObstetrics and GynecologyHormone replacement therapy (menopause)Progesterone CongenerMiddle AgedHomocysteine; HRT; TransdermalPostmenopauseProspective StudieEndocrinologychemistryDydrogesteroneDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleFollicle Stimulating HormonebusinessTransdermalmedicine.drugHumanMenopause (New York, N.Y.)
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The follicular hormonal profile in low-responder patients undergoing unstimulated cycles: is it hypoandrogenic?

2012

STUDY QUESTION What is the final hormonal milieu of pre-ovulatory follicles of low-responder (LR) patients undergoing unstimulated cycles? SUMMARY ANSWER Neither androgen secretion nor LH was impaired in pre-ovulatory follicles of LR women. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Therapies currently used to improve ovarian response in LR women have an impact on the final hormonal follicular milieu, and these changes are believed to be partially responsible for determining the success rate in these women. Surprisingly, as far as we know, there is no report of the final hormonal profile of LR women undergoing unstimulated cycles or evidence that follicular androgen secretion in LR women is impaired. STUDY DESI…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classDrug ResistanceFertilization in VitroSpindle ApparatusBiologyOvarian FollicleOvulation InductionInternal medicineFollicular phasemedicineHumansProspective StudiesOvarian follicleTestosterone CongenersMetaphaseProgesteroneTestosteroneOocyte DonationRehabilitationAge FactorsObstetrics and GynecologyFertility Agents FemaleLuteinizing HormoneAntral follicleAndrogenFollicular fluidFollicular FluidAndrogen secretionEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureFollicular PhaseReproductive MedicineCase-Control StudiesOocytesFemaleFollicle Stimulating HormoneInfertility FemaleHormoneHuman Reproduction
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Synthesis of a New Disulfide Affinity Adsorbent for Purification of Human Uterine Progesterone Receptor

2005

For purification of the human uterine progesterone receptor, an affinity adsorbent was synthesized in which the specific ligand (16 alpha-ethyl-3-oxo-19nor-androst-4-ene 17 beta-carboxylic acid) was bound to derivatized celulose using a disulfide-group-containing spacer. The purified receptor protein, isolated by reductive cleavage of the disulfide bond, bound the synthetic gestagen R5020 with high affinity (Kd 12.2 nmol/l). The affinity gel was highly efficient. A 24000-fold purification of progesterone receptor with a recovery of 40% could be achieved in a single step within 6 h. By means of dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis two main polypeptides with molecular weights o…

Binding CompetitiveBiochemistryChromatography Affinitychemistry.chemical_compoundCytosolAdsorptionPregnenedionesProgesterone receptorCentrifugation Density GradientHumansCelluloseReceptorPolyacrylamide gel electrophoresisChromatographyProgesterone CongenersMolecular massUterusDisulfide bondLigand (biochemistry)Resins SyntheticchemistryBiochemistryElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelFemaleAdsorptionReceptors ProgesteroneEuropean Journal of Biochemistry
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Binding of oral contraceptive progestogens to serum proteins and cytoplasmic receptor

1990

Abstract Some progestogens widely used in oral contraceptives are characterized at the level of high-affinity receptor binding as well as binding to sex hormone-binding globulin and corticosteroid-binding globulin. With regard to binding to sex hormone-binding globulin, gestodene, levonorgestrel, and to a lesser extent 3-ketodesogestrel (which is only formed from the prodrug desogestrel in the body), show a behavior that is manifested in the relatively high affinity to sex hormone-binding globulin, whereas desogestrel and norgestimate do not display any measurable affinity for this specific steroid-binding serum protein. Furthermore, levonorgestrel and gestodene dissociate very much more sl…

MaleCytoplasmmedicine.medical_specialtyNorpregnenesmedicine.medical_treatmentReceptors Cell SurfaceLevonorgestrelCytoplasmic receptorGestodeneBinding CompetitiveContraceptives Oral HormonalSex hormone-binding globulinPregnancyDesogestrelSex Hormone-Binding GlobulinInternal medicineNorgestrelmedicineAnimalsHumansLevonorgestrelProgesteroneTranscortinDesogestrelProgesterone CongenersProgestogenbiologybusiness.industryNorgestrelUterusObstetrics and GynecologyRats Inbred StrainsBlood ProteinsNorgestimateRatsKineticsEndocrinologybiology.proteinFemaleProgestinsbusinesshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugAmerican Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Neuroprotective Actions of Estradiol and Novel Estrogen Analogs in Ischemia: Translational Implications

2010

This review highlights our investigations into the neuroprotective efficacy of estradiol and other estrogenic agents in a clinically relevant animal model of transient global ischemia, which causes selective, delayed death of hippocampal CA1 neurons and associated cognitive deficits. We find that estradiol rescues a significant number of CA1 pyramidal neurons that would otherwise die in response to global ischemia, and this is true when hormone is provided as a long-term pretreatment at physiological doses or as an acute treatment at the time of reperfusion. In addition to enhancing neuronal survival, both forms of estradiol treatment induce measurable cognitive benefit in young animals. Mo…

medicine.medical_specialtyGPR30hippocampusIschemiaEstrogen receptorHippocampusNeuroprotectionArticleEstradiol CongenersIschemiaInternal medicineestradiolmedicineAnimalsHumansEndocrine and Autonomic Systemsbusiness.industryCREBEstrogen analogapoptosismedicine.diseasestrokeglobal ischemiainsulin-like growth factor-1EndocrinologyNeuroprotective AgentsneuroprotectionEstradiol CongenersbusinessGPERhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsHormoneestrogen receptor
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Two-year prospective, randomized trial comparing an innovative twice-a-week progestin regimen with a continuous combined regimen as postmenopausal ho…

1999

Abstract Objective: To compare compliance, symptom control, bleeding patterns, endometrial response, and lipid changes in postmenopausal women treated with transdermal E 2 and a regimen of either intermittent or continuous dosing of progestin. Design: Randomized, prospective study. Setting: Menopausal Outpatient Clinic at an academic tertiary care hospital. Patient(s): One hundred women who had reached menopause naturally and had been amenorrheic for at least 1 year. Fifty women were randomly assigned to receive each regimen. Intervention(s): All patients received 50-μg E 2 patches and medroxyprogesterone acetate, either 5 mg twice per week or 2.5 mg daily. The bleeding pattern was register…

medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classMedroxyprogesteroneMedroxyprogesterone AcetateAdministration CutaneousEndometriumInternal medicinemedicineMedroxyprogesterone acetateOutpatient clinicHumansProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyAgedmedicine.diagnostic_testEstradiolProgesterone Congenersbusiness.industryEstrogen Replacement TherapyObstetrics and GynecologyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseLipidsSurgeryMenstruationMenopauseRegimenReproductive MedicinePatient ComplianceFemaleProgestinsbusinessProgestinmedicine.drugEndometrial biopsyFertility and sterility
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Biotin-Labelled and Photoactivatable Aldosterone and Progesterone Derivatives as Ligands for Affinity Chromatography, Fluorescence Immunoassays and P…

1996

New derivatives of progesterone and aldosterone were synthesized and functionally tested with commercially available antibodies. The covalent labelling of antibodies specific for aldosterone and progesterone was detected by SDS/PAGE analysis and subsequent autoradiography after using 3-(O-carboxymethyl)-oximino-(3-[125I]iodo-4-azidosalicylamidobu tylamine) derivatives of aldosterone and progesterone, respectively, as photoactivatable radioligands. Labelling was not observed in the presence of an excess of the unlabelled steroid. Aldosterone was labelled with biotin and used as a tracer in a time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay. The nonradioactive tracer is highly selective for its antibod…

Photochemistrymedicine.medical_treatmentAffinity labelBiotinFluorescent Antibody TechniqueLigandsBiochemistryAntibodiesChromatography AffinitySteroidchemistry.chemical_compoundBiotinAffinity chromatographyLabellingmedicineAnimalsAldosteroneProgesteroneAldosteroneChromatographyProgesterone CongenersPhotoaffinity labelingbiologyAffinity LabelsSerum Albumin BovinechemistryBiochemistryPolyclonal antibodiesbiology.proteinCattleEuropean Journal of Biochemistry
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Effects of Apirolio Addition and Alfalfa and Compost Treatments on the Natural Microbial Community of a Historically PCB-Contaminated Soil

2018

Abstract Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous and persistent organic pollutants generated exclusively from human sources and found in the environment as several congeners (e.g. Apirolio, produced in Italy and used for electrical transformers). To evaluate the ability of the natural microbial community of historically PCB-contaminated soil to transform or degrade PCBs after fresh contamination through the addition of Apirolio, a microcosm experiment was conducted in a greenhouse for approximately 8 months. Compost and Medicago sativa (alfalfa) were additionally used in the microcosms to stimulate microbial PCB degradation. Chemical analyses were performed to evaluate PCB concentra…

0301 basic medicinePollutionEnvironmental Engineeringmedia_common.quotation_subjectSettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaApirolio . PCB congeners . Dehydrogenase activity. Fungi . Proteobacteria . Soil quality010501 environmental sciencesengineering.material01 natural sciencesSoil qualityProteobacteria .03 medical and health sciencesProteobacteriaEnvironmental Chemistry0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and Technologymedia_commonPollutantPCB congenersCompostEcological ModelingfungiFungifood and beveragesContaminationPollutionSoil contaminationSoil quality030104 developmental biologyPCB congenerMicrobial population biologyEnvironmental chemistryDehydrogenase activityengineeringEnvironmental scienceApirolioMicrocosm
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Estradiol reduces F2α-isoprostane production in cultured human endothelial cells

2002

Free radical-generated F2α-isoprostanes are a group of compounds with vasoconstrictor properties. To investigate whether estradiol exerts antioxidant actions modifying F2α-isoprostane production, cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells were exposed to estradiol and other compounds and F2α-isoprostanes were measured in culture medium. Exposure to 1 and 10 nM estradiol for 24 h reduced F2α-isoprostane production by 36 and 49%, respectively ( P < 0.001 vs. control). Exposure to antiestrogens alone (ICI-182780 or EM-652) slightly reduced F2α-isoprostanes ( P < 0.05 vs. control), but much less than exposure to estradiol ( P < 0.05). ICI-182780 reversed the estradiol-induced redu…

MaleUmbilical Veinsmedicine.medical_specialtyAntioxidantIsoprostaneEndotheliumPhysiologymedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentMedroxyprogesterone AcetateIsoprostanesBiologymedicine.disease_causeUmbilical veinchemistry.chemical_compoundPiperidinesPhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineHumansFulvestrantCells CulturedProgesteroneDose-Response Relationship DrugEstradiolProgesterone CongenersEstrogen AntagonistsInfant NewbornEndothelial stem cellEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryCell cultureEstrogenCulture Media ConditionedFemaleEndothelium VascularCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsOxidative stressAmerican Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology
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