Search results for "CONSTANT"

showing 10 items of 1718 documents

Mechanistic Investigations of the BZ Reaction with Oxalic Acid Substrate. I. The Oscillatory Parameter Region and Rate Constants Measured for the Rea…

2004

This paper is the first part of a study reinvestigating the mechanism of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction of oxalic acid, which is the simplest organic substrate for a BZ oscillator. New experiments are performed to find the oscillatory region in 1 M sulfuric acid at 20 °C. The removal rate of the end product bromine by an inert gas stream is a critical parameter here: oscillations can be observed only in a window of that parameter. The “rate constant” for the physical removal of bromine is measured as a function of the gas flow rate and reactor volume; furthermore, the rate constants of three component reactions important in this system are also determined. These are oxygen atom tran…

BELOUSOV-ZHABOTINSKII REACTIONBromineCE4+-MALONIC ACIDInorganic chemistryOxalic acidchemistry.chemical_elementSulfuric acidMALONIC-ACIDMODEL-CALCULATIONSCHEMICAL-REACTIONBROMINE REMOVALchemistry.chemical_compoundBelousov–Zhabotinsky reactionReaction rate constantchemistryINFINITE PERIOD BIFURCATIONHypobromous acidFEEDBACK LOOPORGANIC SUBSETNUMERICAL-SIMULATIONPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInert gasSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaBromous acidThe Journal of Physical Chemistry A
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Structural and electronic properties of β-NaYF4 and β-NaYF4:Ce3+

2020

AP is indebted for a financial support provided by Scientific Research Project grant for Students and Young Researchers Nr. SJZ/2017/3 sponsored at the Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia , while AIP is thankful for the financial support from Latvian Research Council lzp-2018/1-0214 .

Band gapAb initio02 engineering and technologyCrystal structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsIonInorganic ChemistryLattice constantDoping:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Electrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyPhysicsab initioOrganic ChemistrySpace group021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyRare earth luminescencerAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsLinear combination of atomic orbitalsDensity functional theoryDefects0210 nano-technologyOptical Materials
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Double precision errors in the logistic map: statistical study and dynamical interpretation.

2007

The nature of the round-off errors that occur in the usual double precision computation of the logistic map is studied in detail. Different iterative regimes from the whole panoply of behaviors exhibited in the bifurcation diagram are examined, histograms of errors in trajectories given, and for the case of fully developed chaos an explicit formula is found. It is shown that the statistics of the largest double precision error as a function of the map parameter is characterized by jumps whose location is determined by certain boundary crossings in the bifurcation diagram. Both jumps and locations seem to present geometric convergence characterized by the two first Feigenbaum constants. Even…

Benford's lawComputationBoundary (topology)Feigenbaum constantsFunction (mathematics)Statistical physicsLogistic mapBifurcation diagramBifurcationMathematicsPhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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Kinetics of the Strain-Promoted Oxidation-Controlled Cycloalkyne-1,2-quinone Cycloaddition: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

2018

Stimulated by its success in both bioconjugation and surface modification, we studied the strain-promoted oxidation-controlled cycloalkyne–1,2-quinone cycloaddition (SPOCQ) in three ways. First, the second-order rate constants and activation parameters (ΔH⧧) were determined of various cyclooctynes reacting with 4-tert-butyl-1,2-quinone in a SPOCQ reaction, yielding values for ΔH⧧ of 4.5, 7.3, and 12.1 kcal/mol, for bicyclo[6.1.0]non-4-yne (BCN), cyclooctyne (OCT), and dibenzoazacyclooctyne (DIBAC), respectively. Second, their reaction paths were investigated in detail by a range of quantum mechanical calculations. Single-configuration theoretical methods, like various DFT and a range of MP2…

Bicyclic molecule010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryKineticsSolvationCycloalkyne010402 general chemistryOrganische Chemie01 natural sciencesArticleCycloaddition0104 chemical sciencesQuinonechemistry.chemical_compoundReaction rate constantComputational chemistryLife ScienceSurface modificationQuímica orgànicaVLAGThe Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Uncertainty on w from large-scale structure

2012

We find that if we live at the center of an inhomogeneity with total density contrast of roughly 0.1, dark energy is not a cosmological constant at 95% confidence level. Observational constraints on the equation of state of dark energy, w, depend strongly on the local matter density around the observer. We model the local inhomogeneity with an exact spherically symmetric solution which features a pressureless matter component and a dark-energy fluid with constant equation of state and negligible sound speed, that reaches a homogeneous solution at finite radius. We fit this model to observations of the local expansion rate, distant supernovae and the cosmic microwave background. We conclude …

Big BangPhysicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)ta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsEquation of state (cosmology)Scalar field dark matterFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsLambda-CDM modelGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Cosmological constantAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyComputational physicsThermodynamics of the universeSpace and Planetary ScienceQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesDark energy010303 astronomy & astrophysicsDark fluidAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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A Derivation of the Vlasov-Stokes System for Aerosol Flows from the Kinetic Theory of Binary Gas Mixtures

2016

In this short paper, we formally derive the thin spray equation for a steady Stokes gas, i.e. the equation consists in a coupling between a kinetic (Vlasov type) equation for the dispersed phase and a (steady) Stokes equation for the gas. Our starting point is a system of Boltzmann equations for a binary gas mixture. The derivation follows the procedure already outlined in [Bernard-Desvillettes-Golse-Ricci, arXiv:1608.00422 [math.AP]] where the evolution of the gas is governed by the Navier-Stokes equation.

Binary numberKinetic energy01 natural sciencesBoltzmann equationPhysics::Fluid Dynamics35Q20 35B25 82C40 76T15 76D07symbols.namesakeMathematics - Analysis of PDEshydrodynamic limitPhase (matter)FOS: Mathematics[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP][PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph]sprays0101 mathematicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaVlasov-Stokes systemPhysicsNumerical Analysisgas mixture.010102 general mathematicsMSC Primary: 35Q20 35B25; Secondary: 82C40 76T15 76D07.Stokes flowBoltzmann equationAerosol010101 applied mathematicsClassical mechanicsModeling and SimulationBoltzmann constantKinetic theory of gasessymbolsVlasov-Stokes system Boltzmann equation Hydrodynamic limit Aerosols Sprays Gas mixtureaerosolsAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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The effect of N-tetradecyl-N,N-dimethylamine oxide micelles on the kinetics of the electron transfer reaction of Ce(IV) with substituted malonic acids

2009

Abstract The kinetics of the oxidation of malonic acid and (its substituted compounds, methyl-, ethyl-, butyl- and benzyl-malonic acid) by ceric ions has been studied at 20.0 °C in the absence and the presence of the surfactant N-tetradecyl-N,N-dimethylamine oxide (C 14 DMAO). The addition of increasing amounts of C 14 DMAO influences the rate of the redox process to an extent that significantly depends on the hydrophobicity of the reducing species. The reactivity data together with the estimated binding constants and the standard transfer free energies of the malonic acids from water to the micelles suggest that the malonic acid is confined to the aqueous pseudo-phase while for the other s…

Binding constant; {C14DMAO}; Malonic acids; Redox polymerization{C14DMAO}Aqueous solutionChemistryStereochemistryKineticsBinding constantMalonic acidsMalonic acidRedoxMedicinal chemistryMicelleC14DMAO Binding constant Malonic acids Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction Redox polymerizationchemistry.chemical_compoundElectron transferRedox polymerizationColloid and Surface ChemistryBinding constant; C14DMAO; Malonic acids; Redox polymerizationC14DMAOReactivity (chemistry)DimethylamineSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Phase separation of symmetrical polymer mixtures in thin-film geometry

1995

Monte Carlo simulations of the bond fluctuation model of symmetrical polymer blends confined between two “neutral” repulsive walls are presented for chain lengthNA=NB=32 and a wide range of film thicknessD (fromD=8 toD=48 in units of the lattice spacing). The critical temperaturesTc(D) of unmixing are located by finite-size scaling methods, and it is shown that\(T_c (\infty ) - T_c (D) \propto D^{ - {1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 {v_3 }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {v_3 }}} \), wherev3≈0.63 is the correlation length exponent of the three-dimensional Ising model universality class. Contrary to this result, it is argued that the critical behavior of the films is ruled by two-dimensi…

BinodalLattice constantCondensed matter physicsExponentStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsObservableIsing modelRenormalization groupCritical exponentMathematical PhysicsFlatteningMathematicsJournal of Statistical Physics
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Development of Polyamine‐Substituted Triphenylamine Ligands with High Affinity and Selectivity for G‐Quadruplex DNA

2019

Currently, significant efforts are devoted to designing small molecules able to bind selectively to guanine quadruplexes (G4s). These noncanonical DNA structures are implicated in various important biological processes and have been identified as potential targets for drug development. Previously, a series of triphenylamine (TPA)-based compounds, including macrocyclic polyamines, that displayed high affinity towards G4 DNA were reported. Following this initial work, herein a series of second-generation compounds, in which the central TPA has been functionalised with flexible and adaptive linear polyamines, are presented with the aim of maximising the selectivity towards G4 DNA. The acid-bas…

Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyCircular dichroismChemistry Medicinal0601 Biochemistry and Cell BiologyLigands010402 general chemistryTriphenylamineG-quadruplex01 natural sciencesBiochemistryFluorescence spectroscopyStructure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundFluorescence Resonance Energy TransferPolyaminesPharmacology & PharmacyCOORDINATION CHEMISTRYPROBEMolecular BiologyScience & Technology0304 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryDNACombinatorial chemistrySmall molecule0104 chemical sciences* G-quadruplex DNA * G4 selectivity * polyamine-based ligand *fluorescenceG-QuadruplexesFörster resonance energy transferchemistryDrug DesignFRETEQUILIBRIUM-CONSTANTSMolecular MedicineCOMPLEXESfluorescenceEMISSIONSelectivityLife Sciences & BiomedicineDNAChemBioChem
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Electrochemical probe for the monitoring of DNA-protein interactions.

2010

Self-assembly of thiol-terminated oligonucleotides on gold substrates provides a convenient way for DNA-functionalized surfaces. Here we describe the development of an electrochemical assay for the detection of DNA-protein interactions based on the modification of the electrochemical response of methylene blue (MB) intercalated in the DNA strands. Using a functionalized electrode with double stranded DNA carrying T3 RNA polymerase binding sequence, we show a substantial attenuation of the current upon the DNA-protein interaction. Moreover, a Langmuir binding isotherm for T3 RNA polymerase (T3 Pol) gives a dissociation constant K(D) equal to 0.46+/-0.23 microM. Such value is 100 times lower …

Biomedical EngineeringBiophysicsBiosensing TechniquesIn Vitro Techniqueschemistry.chemical_compoundViral ProteinsElectrochemistrymedicineT7 RNA polymeraseAnimalsBovine serum albuminBinding sitePromoter Regions Geneticchemistry.chemical_classificationBinding SitesbiologyBase SequenceOligonucleotideProteinsSerum Albumin BovineGeneral MedicineDNADNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesElectrochemical TechniquesMolecular biologyDissociation constantMethylene BlueEnzymechemistryDNA Viralbiology.proteinBiophysicsCattleGoldMethylene blueDNABiotechnologymedicine.drugBiosensorsbioelectronics
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