Search results for "CONSTRUCTION"

showing 10 items of 2670 documents

A Pixelated Silicon Positron Sensitive Imaging Probe

2006

A pixelated silicon positron sensitive imaging probe is under development to precisely localize superficially located tumors accumulating 18F-FDG. 18F-FDG has been a radioisotope of interest mainly because of the high uptake in tumors and the relatively short positron range. Silicon detectors have generally low detection efficiency for high energy photons and can be used for positron detection. We present a pixelated silicon positron sensitive imaging probe that has the 1.4-by-1.4-by-1.0 mm pixel size with equivalent electronic noise of ~1.2 keV FWHM. The small pixel size leads to the high spatial resolution. Probe movement in conjunction with appropriate reconstruction will allow sub-pixel…

PhysicsPixelSiliconPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryDetectorMonte Carlo methodResolution (electron density)chemistry.chemical_elementIterative reconstructionOpticsPositronchemistrybusinessNuclear medicineImage resolutionIEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, 2005
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Measurements of integrated direct, diffuse and global ultraviolet-B radiation

2015

Abstract We present the first multiyear set of simultaneous measurements of the global ultraviolet-B radiation and its two components: direct and diffuse. The measurements have been taken with four YES-UVB-1 radiometers: two radiometers to measure the diffuse radiation, one provided with a shadow band and the other with a shadow disk on a Sun tracker; a radiometer to measure the global horizontal radiation; and a Sun-tracking radiometer to measure the direct radiation with an especially designed radiance collimator. The diffuse minute-values measured with both instruments agree within a coefficient correlation of 1.00. The diffuse component represents at least 50% of the global UVB (ultravi…

PhysicsRadiometerbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringMeasure (physics)IrradianceCollimatorBuilding and ConstructionRadiationmedicine.disease_causePollutionIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionGeneral EnergyOpticslawShadowmedicineRadianceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessUltravioletCivil and Structural EngineeringRemote sensingEnergy
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The AX-PET Concept: New Developments And Tomographic Imaging

2011

The Axial PET (AX-PET) concept proposes a novel detection geometry for PET, based on layers of long scintillating crystals axially aligned with the bore axis. Arrays of wavelength shifting (WLS) strips are placed orthogonally and underneath the crystal layers; both crystals and strips are individually readout by G-APDs. The axial coordinate is obtained from the WLS signals by means of a Center-of-Gravity method combined with a cluster algorithm. This design allows spatial resolution and sensitivity to be decoupled and thus simultaneously optimized. In this work we present the latest results obtained with the 2-module AX-PET scanner prototype, which consists of 6 radial layers of 8 LYSO crys…

PhysicsScannerTomographic reconstructionbusiness.industrySTRIPSIterative reconstructionImaging phantomLyso-law.inventionOpticsData acquisitionlawcount ratebusinessImage resolution
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Validation of the Monte Carlo Simulation of a Siemens Biograph mCT PET

2016

Geant4 Application for Tomography Emission (GATE) is a simulation platform based on GEANT4. It is designed to perform numerical simulations in medical imaging and radiotherapy. It is also used to simulate Emission Tomography (Positron Emission Tomography, PET and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography, SPECT), Computed Tomography (CT) and Radiotherapy experiments. The purpose of this study is to validate a GATE model of the commercial PET/CT Siemens Biograph, the latest acquisition of the Clinical Hospital of Salamanca. The geometry of the system has been implemented in GATE, including the detector ring, the crystal blocks, the PMTs etc. Radionuclides for all measurements shall be \(^{1…

PhysicsScannermedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMonte Carlo methodDetectorIterative reconstructionSingle-photon emission computed tomographyOpticsPositron emission tomographyMedical imagingmedicineTomographybusiness
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Dielectric versus topographic contrast in near-field microscopy

1996

Using a fully vectorial three-dimensional numerical approach (generalized field propagator, based on Green's tensor technique), we investigate the near-field images produced by subwavelength objects buried in a dielectric surface. We study the influence of the object index, size, and depth on the near field. We emphasize the similarity between the near field spawned by an object buried in the surface (dielectric contrast) and that spawned by a protrusion on the surface (topographic contrast). We show that a buried object with a negative dielectric contrast (i.e., with a smaller index than its surrounding medium) produces a near-field image that is reversed from that of an object with a posi…

PhysicsSiliconField (physics)RetrievalScatteringbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectNear and far fieldDielectricAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIndexSurfaceScatteringOpticsElectric fieldContrast (vision)Near-field scanning optical microscopeComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionTensorReconstructionbusinessmedia_commonChannel Wave-Guides
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Kinetic model for surface reconstruction

2002

Institut fu ¨r Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universitat Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Strase 10,38106 Braunschweig, Germany~Received 7 December 2001; published 25 July 2002!A microscopic kinetic model for the ab @e.g., hex131 for Pt~100! and 132131 for Pt~110!#surface reconstruction is investigated by means of the mean field approximation and Monte Carlo simulations.It considers homogeneous phase nucleation that induces small surface phase defects. These defects can grow ordecline via phase border propagation in dependence on the chemical coverage by an adsorbate A ~CO!.Anasymmetry in the adsorbate surface diffusion from one surface phase to the other gives rise to two criti…

PhysicsSurface diffusionPhase transitionPhase (matter)Monte Carlo methodNucleationStatistical physicsIsland growthStability (probability)Molecular physicsSurface reconstructionPhysical Review E
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Opto-digital tomographic reconstruction of the Wigner distribution function of complex fields.

2008

An optical-digital method has been developed to obtain the Wigner distribution function of one-dimensional complex fields. In this technique an optical setup is employed to experimentally achieve the Radon-Wigner spectrum of the original signal through intensity measurements. Digital tomographic reconstruction is applied to the experimental spectrum to reconstruct the two-dimensional Wigner distribution function of the input. The validity of our proposal is demonstrated with experimental data, and the results are compared with computer simulations.

PhysicsTomographic reconstructionbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONSignalIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringIntensity (physics)Interferometrysymbols.namesakeFourier transformOpticssymbolsWigner distribution functionSpatial frequencyBusiness and International ManagementPhase retrievalbusinessApplied optics
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Synthesis of filters for specified axial irradiance by use of phase–space tomography

2001

A procedure for designing pupil filters for applications where specified axial responses are required is developed. The method is based on the mathematical relationship between the axial impulse response of a system and the Wigner distribution function (WDF) associated to its pupil function. The desired axial irradiance, which can also have a predefined behavior depending on spherical aberration, is used to obtain this WDF by tomographic reconstruction. The synthetic pupil is retrieved from this distribution.

PhysicsTomographic reconstructiongenetic structuresbusiness.industryIterative reconstructioneye diseasesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSpherical aberrationOpticsPhase spacePupil functionWigner distribution functionsense organsTomographyElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessImpulse responseOptics Communications
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3D reconstruction of external and internal surfaces of transparent objects from polarization state of highlights

2014

A vision-based method is proposed to measure the 3D shape of external and internal surfaces (not accessible) of smooth transparent objects. Looking at the reflections of point sources on a specular surface with a polarimetric camera, we combine the measurements of two techniques: shape from distortion and shape from polarization. It permits us to recover the position and orientation of the specular surface for each detected point. The internal surface of transparent objects exhibiting as well a specular component, the same technique is used on the highlights coming from the back surface, taking into account the refraction by using polarimetric ray tracing.

PhysicsTotal internal reflectionLight transmissionbusiness.industry3D reconstructionSpecular surfacePolarimetryPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOpticsSpecular component[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic[ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicbusinessRefractive indexthree dimensional sensing polarimetric imagingComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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The calculation of the mean radiant temperature of a subject exposed to the solar radiation – A generalised algorithm

2005

Abstract The thermal sensation experienced by a subject in a confined environment is significantly affected by the radiative heat exchange between the human body and the surrounding surfaces: it contributes as far as 30% of the whole thermal exchanges of the subject. Besides, the presence of high-intensity radiation sources like, for example, the sun, may appreciably modify the radiant field to which people are exposed. As a consequence, this could alter notably the comfort conditions. In order of properly taking into account this issue, a simple analytical method is introduced in this work, that allows the easy evaluation of the thermal radiant field induced by the presence of the solar ra…

PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Operative temperatureEnvironmental EngineeringRadiative heat exchangebusiness.industryGeography Planning and DevelopmentMean radiant temperatureThermal comfortBuilding and ConstructionMechanicsRadiationThermal comfortOpticsPMVThermalHeat transferPassive solar building designMean radiant temperaturebusinessCivil and Structural EngineeringPPD
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