Search results for "CONTRAST"

showing 10 items of 1162 documents

Non-invasive determination of cartilage thickness throughout joint surfaces using magnetic resonance imaging.

1997

Abstract Data on articular cartilage thickness in the living are important for the design of computer models, aimed at preoperatively assessing the effect of surgical procedures on joint contact and load transmission, and for the calculation of cartilage material properties from its deformational behavior as determined during arthroscopy. A non-invasive method for measuring cartilage thickness in living subjects is, however, not available. A technique based on magnetic resonance imaging has therefore been tested for assessing articular cartilage thickness throughout joint surfaces. The accuracy is determined by comparing cartilage thickness maps obtained from three patellar specimens with a…

AdultCartilage ArticularMaterials scienceKnee JointBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsContrast MediaArticular cartilageModels BiologicalArthroscopyTriiodobenzoic AcidsmedicineCadaverImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineJoint (geology)Ultrasonographymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryCartilageRehabilitationArthroscopyUltrasoundMagnetic resonance imagingPatellaCartilage thicknessMiddle AgedImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingRadiographic Image Enhancementmedicine.anatomical_structurePatellaStress MechanicalbusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedBiomedical engineeringJournal of biomechanics
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Visual performance of the Akreos Adapt AO intraocular lens in patients with different corneal profiles measured with an adaptive optics visual simula…

2012

AIMS: To evaluate the visual performance of an aberration-free intraocular lens (IOL) in patients with different corneal profiles using adaptive optics visual simulation. METHODS: A crx1 adaptive optics visual simulator was used to simulate the aberration pattern of an aberration-free IOL combined with five corneal profiles: virgin corneas and corneas with low and high myopic ablations and low and high hyperopic ablations. Ten eyes of 10 subjects were evaluated, and monocular distance visual acuity (VA) at 100%, 50% and 10% of contrast was measured. RESULTS: At 100% of contrast, no differences were found in VA values among virgin corneas, low and high myopic ablations and low hyperopic abla…

AdultCorneal Wavefront AberrationDistance visual acuityPseudophakiagenetic structuresmedia_common.quotation_subjectmedicine.medical_treatmentKeratomileusis Laser In SituVisual AcuityIntraocular lensDiagnostic Techniques OphthalmologicalProsthesis DesignContrast SensitivityYoung AdultCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceLens Implantation IntraocularMyopiaHumansContrast (vision)MedicineIn patientAdaptive opticsSimulationmedia_commonLenses IntraocularPhacoemulsificationbusiness.industryAblationeye diseasesSensory SystemsOphthalmologySpherical aberrationHyperopiaOftalmologíaOptometryLasers Excimersense organsbusinessBritish Journal of Ophthalmology
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Effect of Simulated IOL Tilt and Decentration on Spherical Aberration After Hyperopic LASIK for Different Intraocular Lenses

2011

PURPOSE: To evaluate visual quality differences among intraocular lenses (IOLs) in patients with previous hyperopic laser ablations and to assess the impact of decentration and tilt of IOLs on visual quality. METHODS: An adaptive optics visual simulator was used to simulate the wavefront aberration pattern of one aberration-correcting IOL (AcrySof IQ SN60WF, Alcon Laboratories Inc) and two spherical IOLs with different amounts of positive spherical aberration (Akreos Adapt [Bausch & Lomb] and Triplato [AJL Ophthalmic]) in five situations—centered, 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm of decentration, and 2° and 4° of tilt—in two groups: simulated low hyperopic laser corneal ablation (low hyperopia group)…

AdultCorneal Wavefront AberrationDistance visual acuityVisual acuitygenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentmedia_common.quotation_subjectKeratomileusis Laser In SituVisual AcuityArtificial Lens Implant MigrationRefraction OcularYoung AdultPostoperative ComplicationsHumansMedicineContrast (vision)media_commonLenses Intraocularbusiness.industryLASIKeye diseasesOphthalmologySpherical aberrationHyperopiaTilt (optics)Intraocular lensesDecreased Visual AcuityOftalmologíaOptometryLasers ExcimerSurgerysense organsmedicine.symptombusinessJournal of Refractive Surgery
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Visual simulation through different intraocular lenses using adaptive optics: Effect of tilt and decentration

2011

Purpose To analyze visual quality differences between intraocular lenses (IOLs) and assess the impact of IOL decentration and tilt on visual quality. Setting University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. Design Cohort study. Methods The crx1 adaptive optics visual simulator was used to simulate the wavefront aberration pattern of 2 commercially available aspheric aberration-correcting IOLs (Acrysof IQ SN60WF and Tecnis ZA9003) and 2 spherical IOLs (Akreos Adapt and Triplato) in 5 situations: centered, decentered 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm, and tilted 2 degrees and 4 degrees. Monocular distance visual acuity at 100%, 50%, and 10% contrast and the depth of focus were measured. Results Ten eyes of 10 patien…

AdultDepth of focusCorneal Wavefront AberrationVisual acuityPseudophakiagenetic structuresmedia_common.quotation_subjectVisual AcuityArtificial Lens Implant MigrationCohort StudiesYoung AdultAberrometryPsychophysicsmedicineHumansContrast (vision)Adaptive opticsmedia_commonMathematicsLenses IntraocularDepth PerceptionMonocularAberrometryModels Theoreticalequipment and supplieseye diseasesSensory SystemsOphthalmologySpherical aberrationTilt (optics)OptometrySurgerysense organsmedicine.symptomJournal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
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Enhancement pattern of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at contrast-enhanced US (CEUS), MDCT, and MRI: intermodality agreement and comparison of …

2012

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate agreement between contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the assessment of typical and atypical enhancement patterns of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); and to compare diagnostic sensitivity of 2005 and 2010 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2008 and December 2009, we included cirrhotic patients with newly diagnosed 10-20 mm HCC imaged at two contrast-enhanced imaging techniques among CEUS, MDCT, and MRI. Dynamic studies were reviewed by two radiologists to assess enhancement pattern. Percentage of cases…

AdultDiagnostic ImagingMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularContrast MediaEnhancement patternSensitivity and SpecificityImaging modalitiesTumor enhancementMcNemar's testmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAgedAged 80 and overmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsUltrasoundReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseUnited Statessmall hepatocellular carcinomaItalyHepatocellular carcinomaPractice Guidelines as TopicFemaleRadiologybusinesscontrast-enhanced ultrasoundContrast-enhanced ultrasound
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Multicenter, double-blind, randomized, intraindividual crossover comparison of gadobenate dimeglumine and gadopentetate dimeglumine for Breast MR ima…

2011

To intraindividually compare 0.1 mmol/kg doses of gadobenate dimeglumine and gadopentetate dimeglumine for contrast material-enhanced breast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging by using a prospective, multicenter double-blind, randomized protocol.Institutional review board approval and patient informed consent were obtained. One hundred sixty-two women (mean age, 52.8 years ± 12.3 [standard deviation]) enrolled at 17 sites in Europe and China between July 2007 and May 2009 underwent at least one breast MR imaging examination at 1.5 T by using three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo sequences. Of these, 151 women received both contrast agents in randomized order in otherwise identical examinatio…

AdultGadolinium DTPAChinaContrast MediaBreast NeoplasmsSensitivity and Specificitylaw.inventionDouble blindbreast neoplasm contrast media MRIBreast cancerMegluminebreast neoplasmRandomized controlled trialDouble-Blind MethodlawPredictive Value of TestsImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineOrganometallic CompoundsHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyGADOBENATE DIMEGLUMINEAgedAged 80 and overChi-Square DistributionCross-Over Studiesbusiness.industryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMr imagingCrossover studyMagnetic Resonance ImagingEuropeFemaleBreast diseaseNuclear medicinebusinessMRIRadiology
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Evolution of indeterminate hepatocellular nodules at Gd-EOB-DPTA-enhanced MRI in cirrhotic patients

2018

To retrospectively analyze the evolution of indeterminate hepatocellular nodules in cirrhotic patients on serial Gd-EOB-DPTA-enhanced MRI, and to identify predictors of HCC development. This IRB approved study included 33 cirrhotic patients with 69 indeterminate hepatocellular nodules (mean diameter 1.1 cm) at baseline Gd-EOB-DPTA-enhanced MRI and a Gd-EOB-DPTA-enhanced-MRI follow-up of at least 2 years. Two radiologists evaluated size and signal intensity of each nodule at baseline and follow-up. Age, cirrhosis etiology, and HCC history were recorded. Data were compared between nodules that became HCCs at follow-up (HCC) and those that did not (no-HCC). On follow-up, 5/69 nodules became HC…

AdultGadolinium DTPALiver CirrhosisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisCarcinoma HepatocellularContrast MediaCirrhosis; Gd-EOB-DTPA; HCC; Indeterminate hepatocellular nodule; Liver MRIGastroenterology030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingLiver MRI03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePredictive Value of TestsInternal medicinemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingHCCneoplasmsNeuroradiologyAgedRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overCirrhosimedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsIndeterminate hepatocellular noduleNodule (medicine)Magnetic resonance imagingGeneral MedicineHCCSMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance Imagingdigestive system diseasesGd-EOB-DTPA030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPredictive value of testsEtiologyFemalemedicine.symptomIndeterminatebusiness
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Realignment of myocardial first-pass MR perfusion images using an automatic detection of the heart-lung interface

2004

International audience; Abstract: Magnetic resonance first-pass imaging of a bolus of contrast agent is well adapted to distinguish normal and hypoperfused areas of the myocardium. In most cases, the signal intensity-time curves in user defined regions of interest (ROI) are studied. As image acquisition is ECG-gated, the images are acquired at the same moment in the cardiac cycle, and the basic shape of the heart is similar from one view to the next. However, superficial respiratory motion can displace the heart in the short-axis plane. The aim of this study is to correct for the respiratory motion of the heart by performing an automatic realignment of the myocardial ROI based on a method t…

AdultGadolinium DTPAMaleComputer scienceInterface (computing)media_common.quotation_subjectMyocardial InfarctionBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsContrast MediaImage registration030204 cardiovascular system & hematologySignal030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCoronary CirculationImage Processing Computer-Assisted[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingmedicineHumansmagnetic resonance imagingContrast (vision)Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer visionLeast-Squares AnalysisLungAgedmedia_commonLung[ INFO.INFO-IM ] Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingCardiac cyclemedicine.diagnostic_testMr perfusionbusiness.industrycontrast-enhanced first-passHeartMagnetic resonance imagingMiddle Agedimage registrationmedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleArtificial intelligencebusinessmyocardial perfusionMagnetic Resonance Imaging
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Focal nodular hyperplasia: a weight-based, intraindividual comparison of gadobenate dimeglumine and gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI

2019

PURPOSE: We aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively compare the enhancement pattern of focal nodular hyperplasia after gadobenate dimeglumine and gadoxetate disodium injection in the same patient. METHODS: 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations of 16 patients with 21 focal nodular hyperplasias studied after the injection of both contrast media were evaluated. Both MRI studies were performed in all patients. A qualitative analysis was performed evaluating each lesion in all phases. For quantitative analysis we calculated signal intensity ratio, lesion-to-liver contrast ratio and liver parenchyma signal intensity gain on hepatobiliary phase. Statistical analysis was performed w…

AdultGadolinium DTPAMaleContrast MediaLiver MRI neoplasm030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingGadoxetate DisodiumLesion03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMcNemar's testMegluminemedicineOrganometallic CompoundsHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIntraindividual comparisonAbdominal ImagingGADOBENATE DIMEGLUMINERetrospective Studiesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsFocal nodular hyperplasiaMagnetic resonance imagingMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingLiverEvaluation Studies as TopicFocal Nodular HyperplasiaFemalemedicine.symptomCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessNuclear medicineSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaWeight based dosing
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Value of texture analysis on gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI for differentiating hepatocellular adenoma from focal nodular hyperplasia

2019

OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to assess the diagnostic performance of texture analysis (TA) on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR images for differentiation of hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) from focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH).MATERIALS AND METHODS. This study included 40 patients (39 women and one man) with 51 HCAs and 28 patients (27 women and one man) with 32 FNH lesions. All lesions were histologically proven with preoperative MRI performed with gadoxetic acid. Two readers reviewed all the imaging sequences to assess the qualitative MRI characteristics. The T2-weighted fast spin-echo, hepatic arterial phase (HAP), and hepatobiliary phase (HBP) sequences were used for TA. Textural fea…

AdultGadolinium DTPAMaleGadoxetic acidCarcinoma Hepatocellulargenetic structuresAdolescenthepatocellular adenomaContrast MediaSensitivity and Specificity030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingAdenoma Liver CellDiagnosis Differential03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingTexture (crystalline)Agedfocal nodular hyperplasiabusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsFocal nodular hyperplasiatexture analysiGeneral MedicineHepatocellular adenomaMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance Imagingdigestive system diseases030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleMr imagesNuclear medicinebusinessSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaValue (mathematics)medicine.drugMRI
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