Search results for "COPD"
showing 10 items of 483 documents
“Smoke, Choline-Acetyl-Transferase, Muscarinic Receptors and fibroblast proliferation in COPD
2009
Acetylcholine (ACh), synthesized by choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), and muscarinic M1, M2, and M3 receptors (MRs) are involved in fibroblast proliferation. We evaluated ChAT, MRs, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and nuclear factor (NF) κB activation in lung fibroblasts from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), control smokers, and controls. Human fetal lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and cigarette smoke extracts (CSEs) were evaluated for ChAT and MR expression. We tested the effects of ACh on fibroblast proliferation and its ability to bind fibroblasts from patients with COPD, control s…
Physician's mistakes in the interpretation of spirometry
2012
Background. The most recent ATS/ERS recommendations on lung function testing include a definition of airflow obstruction based on lower limit of normal (LLN) of FEV1/FVC and suggest to measure total lung capacity (TLC) in suspected cases of “pseudo-restriction” (normal FEV1/FVC ratio because of concomitant reductions in FEV1 and FVC), that can conceal airflow obstruction if the subject does not exhale long enough. Aims. To evaluate the skill of physicians in the interpretation of spirometry. Methods. A questionnaire focusing on the interpretation of five spirograms was administered to 127 physicians (aged 25-67yrs; 39% pulmonologists, 20% geriatrics). Correlates of spirometric misinterpreta…
SNPs associated withHHIPexpression have differential effects on lung function in males and females
2019
AbstractAdult lung function is highly heritable and 279 genetic loci were recently reported as associated with spirometry-based measures of lung function. Though lung development and function differ between males and females throughout life, there has been no genome-wide study to identify genetic variants with differential effects on lung function in males and females. Here, we present the first genome-wide genotype-by-sex interaction study on four lung function traits in 303,612 participants from the UK Biobank. We detected five SNPs showing genome-wide significant (P<5 × 10−8) interactions with sex on lung function, as well as 21 suggestively significant interactions (P<1 × 10−6). T…
The German COPD cohort COSYCONET: Aims, methods and descriptive analysis of the study population at baseline
2016
Abstract Background The German COPD cohort study COSYCONET (" CO PD and SY stemic consequences- CO morbidities NET work") investigates the interaction of lung disease, comorbidities and systemic inflammation. Recruitment took place from 2010 to 2013 in 31 study centers. In addition to the baseline visit, follow-up visits are scheduled at 6, 18, 36 and 54 months after baseline. The study also comprises a biobank, image bank, and includes health economic data. Here we describe the study design of COSYCONET and present baseline data of our COPD cohort. Methods Inclusion criteria were broad in order to cover a wide range of patterns of the disease. In each visit, patients undergo a large panel …
FEV1 and FVC predict all-cause mortality independent of cardiac function - Results from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study.
2017
Abstract Background Lung function has previously been related to increased mortality. Whether pulmonary impairment is associated with an increased mortality independent of cardiac dysfunction remains unclear. Methods In 15010 individuals from the general population (age range 35–74years, 51% men) in the Gutenberg Health Study we performed spirometry and transthoracic echocardiography. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (Nt-proBNP) and high-sensitive troponin I (hsTnI) were measured in all individuals. 1819 individuals with pulmonary diseases were excluded from further analysis. Results The median for forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) was 94.2% and for forced vital capacity (FVC) …
Association between nasal and bronchial resistance in patients with COPD
2018
Background: During the past decade, various studies have documented the presence of sinonasal inflammation in lower airways diseases. The influence of airways inflammation on nasal airways patency was demonstrated in asthmatic patients; however, such association was not confirmed in patients with COPD. Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare the relationship between nasal resistance and lower airways patency in COPD patients and healthy controls. Material and Methods: 4-Phase-Rhinomanometry and spirometry were performed on COPD patients (n=26) and in the corresponding age control group (n=15). To compare the effective nasal resistance in inspiration, expiration and total breathing (Ref…
Small airway disease (SAD) is associated with respiratory symptoms and relevant for therapy in early COPD
2020
Background: SAD is common in patients with COPD. Occurring early in the course of the disease, it is frequently missed by currently used diagnostic tests. Multiple breath washout (MBW) testing detects ventilation heterogeneity (VH) while oscillometry (OS) assesses peripheral obstruction, both associated with SAD. We therefore set out to evaluate the presence and symptoms of SAD in patients with early COPD. Methods: We prospectively evaluated 26 patients (FEV1 77±19% pred., 88% GOLD I/II). In an 8-week cross-over design, the effect of dual bronchodilatation (tiotropium/olodaterol, T/O) on lung function and symptoms (CAT) was compared to monotherapy (formoterol). Lung function was assessed by…
The airway response to deep inspirations decreases with COPD severity and is associated with airway distensibility assessed by computed tomography.
2008
In patients with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the effect of deep inspirations (DIs) to reverse methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction is largely attenuated. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the effectiveness of DI is reduced with increasing disease severity and that this is associated with a reduction in the ability of DI to distend the airways. Fifteen subjects [Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage I–II: n = 7; GOLD stage III–IV: n = 8] underwent methacholine bronchoprovocation in the absence of DI, followed by DI. The effectiveness of DI was assessed by their ability to improve inspiratory vital capacity and forced expira…
Pathophysiological Factors in the Relationship between Chronological Age and Calculated Lung Age as Detected in a Screening Setting in Community-Dwel…
2016
Aim To explore the relationship between pathophysiological factors and premature lung aging in a cohort of community-dwelling subjects in a health-screening setting. Methods 16,107 pharmacy customers in Germany (5954 males, 10,153 females; mean age 59.7 years) participated in a lung function screening project by providing demographic data, including smoking status and known airway conditions and performing spirometry with a Vitalograph, a spirometry screening device. Lung age was calculated from the spirometric findings, and the difference between chronological age and calculated lung age was analyzed in its relationship to the demographic data in general linear models. Results In the overa…
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in severe mental illness: A timely diagnosis to advance the process of quitting smoking
2021
This study receives founding by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness, Instituto Carlos III (FIS PI16/00802).