Search results for "COPI"

showing 10 items of 2618 documents

Traffic simulation models calibration using speed–density relationship: An automated procedure based on genetic algorithm

2016

Calibration of traffic models.Calibration as optimization problem.Use of genetic algorithm. This paper presents the first results of a research which applied a genetic algorithm to calibrate a microscopic traffic simulation model based on speed-density relationships. A large set of traffic data collected from the A22 Freeway, Italy, was used and a comparison was performed between the field measurements and the simulation outputs obtained for a test freeway segment by using the Aimsun microscopic simulator.The calibration was formulated as an optimization problem to be solved based on a genetic algorithm; the objective function was defined in order to minimize the differences between the sim…

Optimization problemComputer science02 engineering and technologySoftwareSettore ING-INF/04 - AutomaticaArtificial Intelligence0502 economics and businessGenetic algorithm0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringCalibrationSettore ICAR/04 - Strade Ferrovie Ed AeroportiMATLABSimulationcomputer.programming_language050210 logistics & transportationbusiness.industry05 social sciencesGeneral EngineeringTraffic simulationPython (programming language)AimsunMicroscopic traffic simulation model CalibrationSpeed-density relationshipComputer Science ApplicationsGenetic algorithm020201 artificial intelligence & image processingbusinessAlgorithmcomputerData transmissionExpert Systems with Applications
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Synthesis, characterization and thermal degradation of 8-hydroxyquinoline–guanidine–formaldehyde terpolymer

2007

Abstract Terpolymer (8-HQGF) has been synthesized using the monomers 8-hydroxyquinoline, guanidine, formaldehyde in 1:1:2 molar proportions. The structure of 8-HQGF terpolymer has been elucidated on the basis of elemental analysis and various physicochemical techniques, i.e. UV–Visible, FTIR–ATR and 1 H NMR spectroscopy. Detailed thermal degradation study of the new terpolymer has been carried out to ascertain its thermal stability. Thermal degradation curve is discussed which shows two decomposition steps (265–475 °C and 540–715 °C). Sharp–Wentworth and Freeman–Carroll methods have been used to calculate activation energies and thermal stability. The activation energy ( E a ) calculated by…

Order of reactionPolymers and PlasticssynthesisFormaldehydeGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyActivation energy010402 general chemistry7. Clean energy01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeSharp-Wentworth methodPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryThermal stabilitythermal degradationGuanidineSpectroscopyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSOrganic Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesGibbs free energyFreeman-Carroll method[ CHIM.POLY ] Chemical Sciences/Polymers[CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymerschemistryspectroscopic characterizationProton NMRsymbolsPhysical chemistry0210 nano-technology8-HQGF terpolymer
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ChemInform Abstract: Selecting Speed-Dependent Pathways for a Programmable Nanoscale Texture by Wet Interfaces

2013

The realization of well-defined and ordered structures on the nanoscale is a main issue in nanoscience and nanotechnology, biotechnology and other related fields like plastic or organic electronics. Among the bottom-up approaches, to date, self-assembly (equilibrium aggregates) received a major attention. In spite of this, far from equilibrium conditions allow for the generation of a wider landscape of organized systems depending on the set of control parameters employed. Under an adaptation vision of the structures, here we report some case studies showing how it is possible to programme and control the nanoscale features of ordered super- or supra-aggregates at wet interfaces by modulatin…

Organic electronicsSet (abstract data type)ChemistryPath (graph theory)NanotechnologyGeneral MedicineAutocatalytic reactionControl parametersRealization (systems)Nanoscopic scaleTexture (geology)ChemInform
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Selecting speed-dependent pathways for a programmable nanoscale texture by wet interfaces

2012

The realization of well-defined and ordered structures on the nanoscale is a main issue in nanoscience and nanotechnology, biotechnology and other related fields like plastic or organic electronics. Among the bottom-up approaches, to date, self-assembly (equilibrium aggregates) received a major attention. In spite of this, far from equilibrium conditions allow for the generation of a wider landscape of organized systems depending on the set of control parameters employed. Under an adaptation vision of the structures, here we report some case studies showing how it is possible to programme and control the nanoscale features of ordered super- or supra-aggregates at wet interfaces by modulatin…

Organic electronicsSet (abstract data type)Computer sciencePath (graph theory)NanotechnologyGeneral ChemistryAutocatalytic reactionControl parametersTexture (geology)Nanoscopic scaleRealization (systems)Chemical Society Reviews
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Collective stress and coping in the context of organizational culture

2000

We examined from a cultural perspective how well-being was collectively defined, what were the sources of collective stress, and what kind of collective coping mechanisms were used to alleviate such stress in three divisions of a multinational company. In the first phase of the study we collected data on organizational culture by using individual thematic interviews ( N = 63). Applying the grounded theory methodology and an inductive analysis, specific cultures describing the divisions were identified. In terms of co-operation we found the following fundamental cultural recipes: joint focused efforts on money-making, despite the awareness of the common goals employees interested only in ful…

Organizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementCoping (psychology)05 social sciencesStressorOrganizational cultureSocial environment050109 social psychologyOrganisation climateGrounded theory8. Economic growth0502 economics and business0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesJob satisfactionPsychologySocial psychologyCritical Incident Technique050203 business & managementApplied PsychologyEuropean Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology
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Three-Way Interactions Among Interruptions/Multitasking Demands, Occupational Age, and Alertness: A Diary Study

2015

In this study, we examined the within-person relationships between workday “cognitive” stressors (multitasking demands and workflow interruptions) and strain (situational well-being throughout the day and irritation in the evening). We hypothesized that occupational age, in terms of job tenure and an indicator of functional age (alertness), would moderate these relationships in that employees with low experience and low alertness would suffer most from the stressors. We conducted a 5-day diary study in a sample of 123 nurses, with 4 measurements per day (3 taken during the work shift and 1 taken in the evening), and 1 survey (occupational age) and computer-based cognitive performance test b…

Organizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementCoping (psychology)EveningSociology and Political ScienceEconomics Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous)StressorCognitionDevelopmental psychologyAlertnessIndustrial relationsHuman multitaskingEffects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performanceGeriatrics and GerontologyValence (psychology)Life-span and Life-course StudiesPsychologyWork, Aging and Retirement
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Coping with Burnout Symptoms through Task Significance in Professionals Working with Individuals with Intellectual Disability

2021

ABSTRACT This study examined an intervention that links task significance (one’s job has a positive impact on other people) to burnout symptoms of professionals working in organizations for individuals with intellectual disability. Professionals assigned to the experimental condition participated in teams designed to enhance the positive impact of their work on others (task significance). To do so, teams focused on a task to improve the quality of life of individuals with intellectual disability. Professionals assigned to the control condition did not participate in these teams, and they continued with their usual work. All the participating professionals answered a questionnaire abou…

Organizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementCoping (psychology)Social Psychologylcsh:BF1-990educationIntellectual disabilityBurnoutteamsTask (project management)Teamstask significanceCynicismIntervention (counseling)Intellectual disabilitymedicineBurnoutPractical implicationsburnoutprofessionalsProfessionalsmedicine.diseasehumanitieslcsh:Psychologyintellectual disabilityMixed-design analysis of varianceTask significancePsychologypsychological phenomena and processesClinical psychologyRevista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones
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The buffering effect of coping strategies in the relationship between job insecurity and employee well-being

2012

The modern labour market features job insecurity (JI) as an unavoidable stressor. This study considers the influence of personal coping strategies by combining the conservation of resources with spillover theory. Do coping strategies buffer the negative effects of JI on well-being (work engagement, marital satisfaction and emotional energy at work and home)? A cybernetic coping scale distinguishes five coping strategies and a survey of 2764 Finnish employees reveals that changing the situation and symptom reduction buffer the negative effect of JI on emotional energy at work and home, respectively. Devaluation and accommodation have buffering tendencies in relation to work engagement and m…

Organizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementCoping (psychology)Strategy and ManagementWork engagementStressorAvoidance copingDevaluationGeneral Business Management and AccountingSpillover effectNegative relationshipManagement of Technology and InnovationWell-beingPsychologySocial psychologyta515Economic and Industrial Democracy
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The role of experience in work and learning among design engineers

2004

Taking an approach to learning in the workplace as a phenomenon situated and accumulated in the course of work activities and everyday practice, the purpose of this study was to investigate how workers (development engineers and designers) themselves perceive the role of experience in work and learning. The empirical material consists of interviews with 18 employees in two enterprises in Finland. Narrative analysis of the holistic core stories yielded four thematic categories. The categories indicate that learning from experience plays an essential part in coping and learning along with other people, in understanding holistic work processes and in creating a personal perception of one’s wor…

Organizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementCoping (psychology)business.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectPublic relationsAtmosphere (architecture and spatial design)Experiential learningEducationNarrative inquiryWork (electrical)PhenomenonPerceptionSituatedbusinessPsychologymedia_commonInternational Journal of Training and Development
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Media coverage about organisations in critical situations – Analysing the impact on employees.

2013

Purpose– This research aims to investigate how critical media coverage of an organisation affects its employees. The authors expect the effects to be similar to the way media coverage about an individual would affect this person, termed “reciprocal effects”.Design/methodology/approach– Drawing on a framework for the analysis of reciprocal effects of mass media by Kepplinger and qualitative interviews among employees of 14 different organisations undergoing a crisis, the authors develop an employee-model of reciprocal effects for the context of organisational crises.Findings– This qualitative research shows that employees are affected by media coverage on a critical issue about their employe…

Organizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementCoping (psychology)business.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectShameMedia coverageLearned helplessnessInterpersonal communicationPublic relationsIndustrial relationsSociologybusinessSocial psychologyReciprocalmedia_commonQualitative researchMass media
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