Search results for "CRISPR"
showing 10 items of 68 documents
Citrus biotechnology
2020
Agricultural crops that can better withstand the changing climatic and pathogen landscape have been produced through natural selection throughout the millennia and, in recent years, through the process of human-assisted plant breeding and selection. However, a lack of genetic diversity in many commercially cultivated crops (due to monoculture) has made them more vulnerable to biotic and abiotic stresses (Esquinas-Alcazar, 2005; Keneni et al., 2012). Citrus, belonging to the Rutaceae family, is one of the most important commercial woody fruit crops in the tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The origin of citrus is traced back to parts of tropical and subtropical Southeast Asia (Wu e…
Chi dice che i batteri fanno male? I CRISPR ed il loro potenziale genetico. In Le scienze naturali nella scuola
2019
L’immaginario collettivo non ha un’opinione buona e nemmeno benevola sui batteri. Sono spesso legati a concetti di mancanza di igiene, malattie ed a volte anche a situazioni più gravi financo la morte. È indubbio che alcuni generi di procarioti sono agenti patogeni di specifiche malattie infettive che, in passato più che oggi, hanno mietuto vittime nel genere umano. Ma che dire dei batteri lattici degli yogurt o della nostra flora batterica intestinale? C’è da aggiungere anche una lunga serie di organismi procarioti, non patogeni, che hanno, negli ultimi due secoli, costituito sistemi biologici idonei allo studio della biologia molecolare e della genetica molecolare. In definitiva è molto p…
Investigating CRISPR-CAS13b as a tool for the RNA editing of CFTR mRNA with premature stop codon
2020
Background and Rationale Some CF patients are compound heterozygous or homozygous for nonsense mutations in the CFTR gene. Mutant CFTR gene coding for transcripts with premature termination codons (PTCs) is responsible for truncated CFTR protein and for a severe form of the disease. In a precision medicine framework the “REPAIRv2” (RNA Editing for Programmable A to I Replacement v2) tool, developed in the laboratory of Dr. Feng Zhang (USA), seems a good alternative to restore the full-length CFTR protein by editing its mRNA containing PTCs. This new approach is based on the possibility of targeting a deaminase enzyme (huADAR2) to a specific Adenosine, to be edited to Inosine (G analogue), o…
The high-performance technology CRISPR/Cas9 improves knowledge and management of acute myeloid leukemia
2021
Knowledge on acute myeloid leukemia pathogenesis and treatment has progressed recently, but not enough to provide ideal management. Improving the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia patients depends on advances in molecular biology for the detection of new therapeutic targets and the production of effective drugs. The CRISPR/Cas9 technology allows gene insertions and deletions and it is the first step in investigating the function of their encoded proteins. Thus, new experimental models have been developed and progress has been made in understanding protein metabolism, antitumor activity, leukemic cell maintenance, differentiation, growth, apoptosis, and self-renewal, the combined pathogene…
Murine liver organoids as a genetically flexible system to study liver cancer in vivo and in vitro.
2019
The rising incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) coupled with a low 5-year survival rate that remains below 10% delineates the urgent need for more effective treatment strategies. Although several recent studies provided detailed information on the genetic landscape of this fatal malignancy, versatile model systems to functionally dissect the immediate clinical relevance of the identified genetic alterations are still missing. To enhance our understanding of CCA pathophysiology and facilitate rapid functional annotation of putative CCA driver and tumor maintenance genes, we developed a tractable murine CCA model by combining the cyclization recombination (Cre)-lox system, RNA interference, …
Mecanismos de resistencia a piretroides en ácaros depredadores
2023
Los piretroides constituyen un grupo de plaguicidas catalogados como moduladores del canal de sodio (Grupo 3), según el comité de acción contra la resistencia a los insecticidas (IRAC). Estos plaguicidas son análogos sintéticos de las piretrinas, compuestos naturales con actividad insecticida que se encuentran en las flores de las plantas del género Chrysanthemum, popularmente conocidas como crisantemos. Actualmente, existen numerosos productos plaguicidas que contienen en su formulación piretroides, siendo ampliamente utilizados en el control de plagas en diferentes contextos como la agricultura, la ganadería, la apicultura e incluso a nivel doméstico, erigiéndose como uno de los grupos de…
Cooperation between Different CRISPR-Cas Types Enables Adaptation in an RNA-Targeting System
2021
CRISPR-Cas systems are immune systems that protect bacteria and archaea against their viruses, bacteriophages. Immunity is achieved through the acquisition of short DNA fragments from the viral invader’s genome.
Investigating REPAIRv2 as a Tool to Edit CFTR mRNA with Premature Stop Codons
2020
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Some CF patients are compound heterozygous or homozygous for nonsense mutations in the CFTR gene. This implies the presence in the transcript of premature termination codons (PTCs) responsible for a truncated CFTR protein and a more severe form of the disease. Aminoglycoside and PTC124 derivatives have been used for the read-through of PTCs to restore the full-length CFTR protein. However, in a precision medicine framework, the CRISPR/dCas13b-based molecular tool &ldquo
La rivoluzione dei semi senza sesso
2018
La tecnica di editing genetico CRISPR segna un altro importantissimo successo
Midbiotics : conjugative plasmids for genetic engineering of natural gut flora
2019
ABSTRACTThe possibility to modify gut bacterial flora has become an important goal, and various approaches are used to achieve desirable communities. However, the genetic engineering of existing microbes in the gut, which are already compatible with the rest of the community and host immune system, has not received much attention. Here, we discuss and experimentally evaluate the possibility to use modified and mobilizable CRISPR-Cas9-endocing plasmid as a tool to induce changes in bacterial communities. This plasmid system (briefly midbiotic) is delivered from bacterial vector into target bacteria via conjugation. Compared to, for example, bacteriophage-based applications, the benefits of c…