Search results for "CYP"
showing 10 items of 480 documents
Tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta (Meyrick,1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) The old and new challenge
2014
The term Phytosanitary exists within many of the modern and old scientific terms such as: organic farming, plant protection, integrated pest management, national and international movement of plant germplasm, biosecurity, good agricultural practices and others. There are many aspects within those related terms. All those terms have common interests of which the pests' risk be avoided and the environmental health is achieved. Consequently preventive measures, precaution measures and effective testing procedures are required. The study problem is the pest Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), the Tomato leaf miner, this pest is one of the most devastating pests affecting T…
Investigations on Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae): larval infestation on the tomato cultivated in open field and evaluation of five essentia…
2019
Abstract The tomato miner Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is a Neotropical species, which cause serious damages to tomato in spread areas. It appeared in 2008 in Italy, where it seriously threatened tomato production both in greenhouse and open field cultivations. In this work a study on infestation by this leafminer on leaves was conducted in an organic cultivation of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) "Pizzutello" variety in Sicily (Italy), and the insecticidal activity of 5 essential oils (EOs) on T. absoluta was evaluated in laboratory. EOs of basil, cypress, laurel, peppermint and Spanish oregano were used against 3rd- and 4th-instar larvae to assess contact effect…
The orophilous dwarf-shrub vegetation of Mt. Troodos (Cyprus).
2005
A phytosociological survey on the orophilous dwarf-shrub vegetation of Mt. Troodos (Cyprus) is presented. Four associations are described, the first three being linked to the upper supramediterranean bioclimatic belt: Nepeto troodi-Hypericetum stenobotryos, dwelling the summit plateaux on ultramaphic sediments, Salvietum willeanae, substituting the previous one in hollow sites, where the snow-cover lasts longer, Onosmo troodi-Astragaletum chionistrae, colonizing eroded soils on steep, windy slopes, Alysso cyprici-Genistetum crudelis replacing the Nepeto troodi-Hypericetum stenobotryos at lower altitudes, within the lower supramediterranean belt. Due to the noteworthy floristic autonomy of t…
Polimorfismi del gene CYP2A6 e dipendenza dal fumo in un gruppo di soggetti della Sicilia Occidentale
2006
E’ stato dimostrato che la diversa capacità di metabolizzare alcune sostanze è la conseguenza di differenze geneticamente determinate nelle attività di alcuni enzimi. In particolare, il citocromo P450 CYP2A6 ha diversi livelli di espressione interindividuali ed interetnici a causa di polimorfismi genetici; metabolizza circa il 70-80% della nicotina e ciò determina in alcune popolazioni una dipendenza interindividuale più o meno elevata dal fumo di sigaretta. Più in dettaglio, individui con alleli CYP2A6 con elevata attività metabolizzante (CYP2A6*1) avranno una maggiore dipendenza dalla nicotina, poiché questa, essendo metabolizzata velocemente, rimane nell’organismo per breve tempo: di con…
ALLELIC VARIANTS OF CYP2E1 GENE IN HEPATOCARCINOMA PATIENTS AND IN HEPATIC TUMOR CELL LINES
2011
Background and Aims: Hepatic enzyme CYP2E1 is involved in the metabolism of a number of exogenous and endogenous substances (i.e. ethanol, drugs and chemical carcinogens). Being polymorphic, CYP2E1 gene can give different xeno-metabolic capabilities in a population and it is well known that inadequate or no enzymatic deactivation of xenobiotics could induce an increased susceptibility to disease and cancer. In particular, one of the 5 -flanking region polymorphisms, able to differentiate CYP2E1 gene transcriptional activity, is caused by the appearance/disappearance of RsaI and PstI restriction sites, which generates two different alleles, namely *C1(Rsa+/Pst−) and *C2(Rsa−/Pst+) respective…
Genetic polymorphisms and epigenetics changes in human metabolizing enzymes genes to predict differential therapeutic drug effects
2013
It has been understood that genetic variability can influence individual ability to metabolize drugs (Kiyohara C. et al., 2002). In particular, sequence changes into some genes give to subject a variable capability to response to a therapy protocol, to begin a resistance toward therapeutic drugs or, on the contrary, to be more sensible to it: the genes of CYP-family, CYP2A6 and CYP2E1, are good examples. Nevertheless, gene expression can be affected either by DNA sequence mutations (polymorphisms) or by “epigenetic modifications”, such as DNA methylation of a CpG islands in a gene promoter ion (Zhu J. et al., 2009). For these reasons, it is indispensable, today, to integrate genetic analyse…
Farmacogenética de la Tuberculosis: Nuevo modelo de predicción de hepatotoxicidad inducida por fármacos antituberculosis
2017
Introducción: La hepatotoxicidad inducida por fármacos antituberculosis (HIFA) es una reacción adversa grave y potencialmente fatal del tratamiento de la tuberculosis (TB). Tres de los cuatro fármacos utilizados como terapia de primera línea (isoniacida, rifampicina, pirazinamida), han sido asociados a HIFA. Estudios sobre farmacogenética de la TB han asociado el desarrollo de HIFA con variaciones en genes de enzimas que metabolizan estos fármacos. Objetivos: Debido a que en Argentina la TB es una enfermedad re-emergente y a la elevada prevalencia de HIFA encontrada en pacientes internados, nos propusimos evaluar la posible asociación de factores ambientales y variantes genéticas en enzimas…
CYP2E1 VNTR polymorphisms and hepatocarcinoma: a gender-specific correlation
2010
Cytochrome P450 (CYP2E1) is often associate to susceptibility to alcohol-related diseases and various cancers, because of its role in the metabolism of multiple environmental xenobiotics. In the 5’- flanking region of the human CYP2E1 gene there are restriction fragment length polymorphism which are involved in the transcriptional regulation of the CYP2E1 gene. Recently a tandem repeat polymorphism (VNTR) in the 5’-flanking region of CYP2E1 was found. Because cytochrome P450 2E1 catalyzes the metabolic activation of pro-carcinogen and cytotoxic compound, we value the genetic distribution of this tandem repeat polymorphism in a healthy population, and in patients with hepatocellular carcinom…
Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTR) gene polymorphism of CYP2E1 in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma
2010
Context: The genetic polymorphism is considered a major source of variability, influencing the levels of gene expression. Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is a mixed-function oxidase involved in the metabolism of the many endogenous and exogenous substances (ethanol, chemical carcinogens) in the hepatic and pancreatic tissue. CYP2E1 gene polymorphisms can cause various abilities of metabolize xenobiotic substances within a population with consequent increased susceptibility to various diseases,including cancer. One of the polymorphisms of the CYP2E1 gene is a VNTR (Variable Number Tandem Repeat) of some sequences in its "5 '- flanking region. Method : VNTR genotype CYP2E1 was determined by RFLP…