Search results for "Cain"
showing 10 items of 410 documents
Quality of life, needs, and interest among cocaine users: differences by cocaine use intensity and lifetime severity of addiction to cocaine.
2010
We examined the quality of life (QoL) of 149 patients who were recruited in 2005 at outpatient treatment centers for cocaine dependence in Spain. Important life areas and life areas with potential need and interest to change in order to improve the QoL were analyzed in terms of patients? cocaine use intensity within the previous six months and lifetime severity addiction to cocaine. The Spanish versions of the Drug User Quality of Life Scale and the Lifetime Severity Index for Cocaine were used to measure QoL, needs and interest, and severity addiction to cocaine. The data analysis employed t-tests, linear regression, Mann?Whitney U tests, multivariate regression, and chi-square tests. Tail…
A comparison of lateral popliteal versus lateral midfemoral sciatic nerve blockade using ropivacaine 0.5%
2004
The midfemoral approach to the sciatic nerve (MF) is a new technique that has been used for postoperative analgesia after knee surgery. The aim of the present study was to compare efficacy, performance time, and patient acceptance of the midfemoral approach to that of the lateral approach at the level of the popliteal fossa (popliteal block [PB]).Sixty-three patients were enrolled in this prospective, randomized study. Thirty-two patients received a lateral sciatic nerve block (group PB) and 31 patients a midfemoral block (group MF). Ropivacaine 0.5% (30 mL) was used in both groups.The quality of nerve blockade was comparable in both groups. Onset of sensory block for peroneal and tibial ne…
A Randomized-Controlled Study of Intrathecal Versus Epidural Thoracic Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Cancer Surgery
2008
Background. We sought to determine the effectiveness of continuous intrathecal thoracic analgesia (ITA) in comparison with continuous epidural thoracic analgesia (ETA) for the management of postoperative pain after abdominal cancer surgery in a randomised controlled study. Materials and methods. Catheters were inserted at T8-10 level for both techniques. Sixty patients were randomized to receive ITA providing levobupivacaine 0.25%, at 0.5-0-7 ml/h, associated with a single bolus of morphine 0.15 mg, or ETA with levobupivacaine 0.25% 4-6 ml/h and a single bolus of epidural morphine 2-3 mg. Data were collected before discharging from recovery room to the surgical ward, 1, 2, 3, 8, 12, 24 h, a…
Efficacy of vertical infraclavicular plexus block vs. modified axillary plexus block: a prospective, randomized, observer-blinded study.
2005
Background: Despite containing severe risks, infraclavicular approaches to the brachial plexus gained increasing popularity. Likewise, the vertical infraclavicular plexus block improved anesthesia compared to the standard axillary approach but contains the risk of pneumothorax. Therefore we modified the standard axillary technique by inserting a proximal directed catheter, referred to as a high axillary plexus block. We prospectively compared quality and onset of neural blockade after vertical infraclavicular plexus block (VIP) and high axillary plexus block (HAP) in two randomized groups (30 patients in each). Methods: In group VIP the insulated needle was inserted midway between the ven…
Urine Testing During Treatntent Predicts Cocaine Abstinence
2010
The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the variables that predict cocaine abstinence on an outpatient program for the treatment of addiction to this substance. Participants were 80 patients (85% men and 15% women) selected at random from those receiving treatment at a Spanish health service outpatient unit. For detecting the predictor variables the authors carried out a chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID) analysis. Logistic regression analysis and discriminant analysis were performed to estimate the probability of abstinence according to/using the predictor variables detected by CHAID analysis. Abstinence rate after six months of treatment was 37.5%. The …
Childhood neglect and parental care perception in cocaine addicts: Relation with psychiatric symptoms and biological correlates
2009
Childhood neglect and poor child–parent relationships have been reported to increase substance use disorders susceptibility. Stressful environmental factors, including emotional neglect, could affect individual personality traits and mental health, possibly inducing stable changes in hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and brain mono-amine function, in turn involved in addictive behavior vulnerability. Therefore, we decided to investigate homovanillic (HVA) and prolactin (PRL) plasma levels, as expression of possible changes in dopamine function, ACTH and cortisol plasma levels, as measures of HPA axis function, and concomitant psychiatric symptoms profile in abstinent cocaine a…
Loss of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV in dopaminoceptive neurons enhances behavioral effects of cocaine.
2008
The persistent nature of addiction has been associated with activity-induced plasticity of neurons within the striatum and nucleus accumbens (NAc). To identify the molecular processes leading to these adaptations, we performed Cre/loxP-mediated genetic ablations of two key regulators of gene expression in response to activity, the Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMKIV) and its postulated main target, the cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB). We found that acute cocaine-induced gene expression in the striatum was largely unaffected by the loss of CaMKIV. On the behavioral level, mice lacking CaMKIV in dopaminoceptive neurons displayed increased sensitivity to cocai…
Alternative treatments of breakthrough pain in patients receiving spinal analgesics for cancer pain.
2005
Patients who experience a poor response to different systemic opioid trials (oral and intravenous) are candidates for spinal treatment. Breakthrough pain occurring in this group of patients is challenging for physicians. This phenomenon has never been described in this context and the treatment is quite difficult, as patients already demonstrated a poor response to systemic opioids. We report a preliminary experience of alternative methods, including the intrathecal injection of local anesthetic boluses as needed, or alternatively, the use of sublingual ketamine. Twelve consecutive patients with advanced cancer and pain were selected for intrathecal treatment after receiving different trial…
Cocaine or phenylephrine/lignocaine for nasal fibreoptic intubation?
1996
In order to assess if a mixture of phenylephrine/lignocaine is as effective as cocaine for local analgesia and vasoconstriction during nasal fibreoptic intubation, 99 patients receiving topical nasal analgesia either with cocaine 10% or a mixture of phenylephrine 1% and lignocaine 4% were studied in a randomized double-blind investigation. After topical analgesia a flexible fibreoptic endoscope was advanced through a nostril. Larynx, glottis and trachea were endoscopically sprayed with lignocaine. Following induction of anaesthesia a nasotracheal tube was inserted fibreoptically. Pain intensity and amount of epistaxis during endoscopy were assessed. Blood pressure, heart rate and ECG-ST seg…
Aspetti tipo-cronologici e archeometrici delle ceramiche africane nel territorio di Cignana (Naro, AG, Sicilia)
2020
Il progetto di ricerca, condotto in cotutela tra l'Università di Palermo e Aix-Marseille Université, si basa sullo studio delle ceramiche africane importate in Sicilia tra la fine del I e il VII secolo d.C.. La ricerca si basa sui frammenti - tutte le classi incluse - raccolti dal gruppo di ricerca di Palermo durante le ricognizioni archeologiche nei dintorni della villa romana di Cignana (Agrigento) e nell'entroterra di Termini Imerese (Palermo). L'approccio multidisciplinare archeologico ed archeometrico, condotto in collaborazione con diversi specialisti di queste discipline, ha permesso di definire l'origine delle diverse produzioni e di riflettere sulla loro circolazione in Sicilia, in…