Search results for "Calcium"
showing 10 items of 1740 documents
Quantitative and qualitative effects of rosuvastatin on LDL-cholesterol: what is the clinical significance ?
2009
Summary Background: Statins have emerged as the global leader in pharmacologic therapy for dyslipidaemia, and rosuvastatin has demonstrated clinical efficacy as well as safety in several clinical trials and postmarketing analyses. Aim: The present article reviewed the effects of rosuvastatin on the quantity and the quality of low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Methods: We searched for and reviewed all the available evidence in a systematic way. A literature search (by Medline and Scopus) was performed using the following headings: ‘LDL-cholesterol’, ‘LDL size’, ‘LDL subclasses’, ‘small dense LDL’, ‘apolipoprotein B, apo B’ and ‘rosuvastatin’ up to 11 November 2008. The authors also manually…
Different mechanism of relaxation induced by aporphine alkaloids in rat uterus.
1993
Abstract We have examined the uterine relaxant action of three aporphine molecules (S-glaucine, S-boldine and R-apomorphine) in two experimental conditions, with and without calcium in the bathing solution, and compared these effects with those obtained with the calcium antagonists verapamil and diltiazem. The present study shows that the alkaloids relax the uterine muscle but with different mechanisms of action. In Ca2+-containing solution all three alkaloids relaxed the uterus previously contracted by KCl or acetylcholine, but in Ca2+-free medium only R-apomorphine was able to relax oxytocin-induced contraction. The calcium antagonists, verapamil and diltiazem, relaxed KCl- or acetylcholi…
Electrospun bioactive mats enriched with Ca-polyphosphate/retinol nanospheres as potential wound dressing
2015
Background While electrospun materials have been frequently used in tissue engineering no wound dressings exist that significantly improved wound healing effectively. Methods We succeeded to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) electrospun poly(D,l-lactide) (PLA) fiber mats into which nanospheres, formed from amorphous calcium polyphosphate (polyP) nanoparticles (NP) and encapsulated retinol (“retinol/aCa-polyP-NS” nanospheres [NS]), had been incorporated. Results Experiments with MC3T3-E1 cells revealed that co-incubation of the cells with Ca-polyP together with retinol (or incubation with retinol/aCa-polyP-NS) resulted in a significant synergistic effect on cell growth compared with particle-…
Signal transduction in isolated fat body from the cockroach Blaptica dubia exposed to hypertrehalosaemic neuropeptide
1998
Hypertrehalosaemic hormones stimulate trehalogenesis while inhibiting glycolysis in cockroach fat body. Signal transduction of the hypertrehalosaemic peptide Bld HrTH was examined in isolated fat body of the Argentine cockroach Blaptica dubia with respect to its effects on the increase in trehalose production and decrease in the content of the glycolytic activator fructose 2,6-bisphosphate in the tissue. Cyclic AMP does not seem to be involved in these processes as the cAMP analogue cpt-cAMP and the phosphodiesterase inhibitor IBMX, which both permeate cell membranes, had no effect on either parameter. Octopamine at physiological concentrations (10−7 mol · l−1) was also ineffective, but at …
Relationship between PTH, sex steroid and bone turnover marker measurements and bone density in recently postmenopausal women
2003
Objective: It is conceivable that, since menopause accelerates the continuous bone loss determined by age, a specific configuration of bone mass determinants during the first postmenopausal years occurs. Methods: To establish their value as indicators of bone mass in women with recent natural menopause, we assessed relationships between bone mineral density (BMD) and age, menopausal age, body mass index (BMI), PTH, sex steroid hormones (estradiol and testosterone), and several markers of bone turnover in urine (N-telopeptide and calcium/creatinine ratio) or serum (osteocalcin (OC), total alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total and ionic calcium (iCa), phosphate (P) and magnesium (Mg)) for a group…
Clinical and radiographical evaluation of the healing of large periapical lesions using triple antibiotic paste, photo activated disinfection and cal…
2014
Objectives: To evaluate clinically and radio graphically, the healing following nonsurgical treatment of periapical lesions when Photo Activated Disinfection(PAD), triple antibiotic paste and calcium hydroxide was used as root canal disinfectant. Material and Methods: Sixty patients (20 for PAD, 20 for triple antibiotic paste, 20 for calcium hydroxide) with periapical lesions in the maxillary and mandibular anterior region were selected from the outpatient section of the Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Govt. Dental College, Kozhikode to participate in this study. The patients were selected with a preoperative score of 4 or 5. There were no significant differences for the…
Acute and Chronic Captopril, but Not Prazosin or Nifedipine, Normalize Alterations in Adrenergic Intracellular Ca2+ Handling Observed in the Mesenter…
2004
The effect of hypertension and acute (36-h) or chronic (from age 6 to 16 weeks) antihypertensive treatment with prazosin (2 mg kg(-1) per day), nifedipine (50 mg kg(-1) per day), or captopril (50 mg kg(-1) per day) on Ca2+ mobilization due to alpha1-adrenoceptor activation was analyzed in functional studies using arterial rings [four conductance/distributing vessels: aorta, main mesenteric, iliac, and tail arteries and two resistance vessels; first and second small mesenteric artery branches obtained from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, 6 and 16 weeks old) and age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY)]. Maximal response to noradrenaline in the presence of extracellular Ca2+ is not affected …
The release of choline from phospholipids mediated by beta-adrenoceptor activation in isolated hearts.
1986
The resting efflux of choline into the perfusate (Tyrode's solution) of isolated hearts was equal to the rate, at which choline was liberated from phospholipid degradation (Lindmar et al. 1986). Infusion of isoprenaline (2 X 10(-7) mol/l), forskolin (1-3 X 10(-6) mol/l) or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX; 3 X 10(-4) mol/l) for 40 min markedly enhanced the efflux of choline. The increase was linear during the experimental period and, in the case of isoprenaline, was blocked by 3 X 10(-7) mol/l atenolol. In the guinea-pig heart, IBMX at a threshold concentration of 10(-4) mol/l shifted the concentration-response curve for the effect of forskolin on the efflux of choline to the left by one l…
Special Considerations for Antihypertensive Agents in Dialysis Patients
2010
Hypertension is present in most patients with end-stage renal disease and likely contributes to the premature cardiovascular disease in dialysis patients. Previous practice guidelines have recommended that, in patients on chronic dialysis, blood pressure (BP) should be reduced below 130/80 mm Hg. This is based on opinions but not strong evidence, since no concrete information exists about which BP values should be the parameter to follow and which should be the target BP values. The majority of the antihypertensive agents can be used in this population, but the pharmacokinetics altered by the impaired kidney function and dialyzability influence the appropriate dosage as well as the time and…
Role of IP3 Receptors in Shaping the Carotid Chemoreceptor Response to Hypoxia But Not to Hypercapnia in the Rat Carotid Body: An Evidence Review
2020
This article addresses the disparity in the transduction pathways for hypoxic and hypercapnic stimuli in carotid body glomus cells. We investigated and reviewed the experimental evidence showing that the response to hypoxia, but not to hypercapnia, is mediated by 1,4,5-inositol triphosphate receptors (IP3R/s) regulating the intracellular calcium content [Ca2+]c in glomus cells. The rationale was based on the past observations that inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation leads to the explicit inhibition of the hypoxic chemoreflex. [Ca2+]c changes were measured using cellular Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent probes, and carotid sinus nerve (CSN) sensory discharge was recorded with bipolar electrode…