Search results for "Calibration"

showing 10 items of 890 documents

Combination of mid- and near-infrared spectroscopy for the determination of the quality properties of beers

2006

Abstract The combination of infrared (MIR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been employed for the determination of important quality parameters of beers, such as original and real extract and alcohol content. A population of 43 samples obtained from the Spanish market and including different types of beer, was evaluated. For each technique, spectra were obtained in triplicate. In the case of NIR a 1 mm pathlength quartz flow cell was used, whereas attenuated total reflectance measurements were used in MIR. Cluster hierarchical analysis was employed to select calibration and validation data sets. The calibration set was composed of 15 samples, thus leaving 28 for validation. A critic…

Multivariate statisticseducation.field_of_studyChemistryPopulationNear-infrared spectroscopyAnalytical chemistryBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryAttenuated total reflectionPartial least squares regressionCalibrationEnvironmental ChemistrySample preparationeducationSpectroscopySpectroscopyAnalytica Chimica Acta
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A green method for the determination of cocaine in illicit samples

2013

Abstract Direct determination of cocaine in untreated seized samples has been made based on diffuse reflectance measurements of the near infrared (NIR) radiation through samples contained inside standard glass vials. The method used a series of previously analyzed samples, by the reference gas chromatography method, to build a partial least squares calibration model which was validated using an independent set of samples. The use of a general model for samples containing from 11.38% till 86.44% (w/w) cocaine was based on the use of spectral ranges from 12500.7 to 10128.6, 9339.8 to 6967.7 and 5388.3 to 4597.6 cm−1 with previous first derivative and vector normalization data pre-processing a…

NarcoticsSpectroscopy Near-InfraredChromatographyMean squared errorIllicit DrugsChemistryAnalytical chemistryResidualPathology and Forensic MedicineCocaineBulk samplesPartial least squares regressionCalibrationGas chromatographyLeast-Squares AnalysisDrug ContaminationLawForensic Science International
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Retro-nasal aroma release is correlated with variations in the in-mouth air cavity volume after empty deglutition.

2012

International audience; We hypothesized that interindividual differences in motor activities during chewing and/or swallowing were determining factors for the transfer of volatile aroma from the in-mouth air cavity (IMAC) toward the olfactory mucosa. In our first experiment, we looked for changes in IMAC volume after saliva deglutition in 12 healthy subjects. The mean IMAC volume was measured after empty deglutition using an acoustic pharyngometer device. Based on the time course of the IMAC volume after swallowing, we discerned two groups of subjects. The first group displayed a small, constant IMAC volume (2.26 mL ±0.62) that corresponded to a high tongue position. The second group displa…

Nasal cavityMaleModels AnatomicSalivaAnatomy and Physiology[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionSensory PhysiologyIngénierie des alimentsDentistrylcsh:Medicine0302 clinical medicinelcsh:ScienceMultidisciplinarybiologyChemistry04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food scienceSensory SystemsSmellmedicine.anatomical_structureMotor SkillsCalibrationAlimentation et NutritionMedicineFemaleSensory PerceptionNasal CavityTabletsResearch ArticleAdultNostrilOral MedicineNoseModels BiologicalNeurological System03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologySwallowingTongueTonguemedicineHumansFood and NutritionFood engineeringMasticationBiologyAromaComputational NeuroscienceMouthOlfactory SystemChromatographybusiness.industrylcsh:RComputational Biology030206 dentistrybiology.organism_classificationDeglutitionGustatory SystemVolume (thermodynamics)DentistryOdorantsMasticationPharynxlcsh:Qbusiness[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionNeuroscience
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The SMAP and Copernicus Sentinel 1A/B microwave active-passive high resolution surface soil moisture product

2019

Abstract Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission of NASA was launched in January 2015. Currently, SMAP has an L-band radiometer and a defunct L-band radar with a rotating 6-m mesh reflector antenna. On July 7th, 2015, the SMAP radar malfunctioned and became inoperable. Consequently, the production of high-resolution active-passive soil moisture product got hampered, and only ~2.5 months (April 15th, 2015 to July 7th, 2015) of data remain available. Therefore, during the SMAP post-radar phase, many ways were examined to restart the high-resolution soil moisture product generation of the SMAP mission. One of the feasible approaches was to substitute the SMAP radar with other available SAR…

National Snow and Ice Data Center010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences0208 environmental biotechnologySoil Science02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionlawCalibrationComputers in Earth SciencesRadarImage resolution0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingRadiometeractive-passiveGeologySMAPradiometer020801 environmental engineeringBrightness temperatureTemporal resolutionEnvironmental sciencesoil moistureMicrowaveSARRemote Sensing of Environment
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Land surface temperature derived from airborne hyperspectral scanner thermal infrared data

2006

Abstract The AHS (airborne hyperspectral scanner) instrument has 80 spectral bands covering the visible and near infrared (VNIR), short wave infrared (SWIR), mid-infrared (MIR), and thermal infrared (TIR) spectral range. The instrument is operated by Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aerospacial (INTA) and it has been involved in several field campaigns since 2004. The main goal of this paper is to analyze the feasibility of retrieving land surface temperature from the 10 AHS thermal infrared bands, from 71 to 80, located in the region between 8 and 13 μm. For this purpose, three different methods have been considered: (i) the single-channel method, which uses only one thermal band; (ii) the sp…

Near-infrared spectroscopyAtmospheric correctionCalibrationEmissivitySoil ScienceEnvironmental scienceHyperspectral imagingGeologySatelliteSpectral bandsComputers in Earth SciencesVNIRRemote sensingRemote Sensing of Environment
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Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of a Vehicle Crash Test based on a Single-Mass

2014

In this paper mathematical modelling of a vehicle crash test based on a single mass is studied. The models under consideration consist of a single mass, a spring and/or a damper. They are constructed according to the measured vehicle speed before the collision and measured vehicle accelerations in three directions at the centre of gravity. A new model of nonlinear spring-mass-damper is also proposed to describe the crash. Simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed methods.

Nonlinear systemAccelerationShock absorberEngineeringbusiness.industryCalibrationCrashStructural engineeringCollisionbusinessSimulationDamperTest (assessment)
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Determination of mass attenuation coefficient by numerical absorption calibration with Monte-Carlo simulations at 59.54 keV

2016

Abstract This study presents a numerical method in order to determine the mass attenuation coefficient of a sample with an unknown chemical composition at low energy. It is compared with two experimental methods: a graphic method and a transmission method. The method proposes to realise a numerical absorption calibration curve to process experimental results. Demineralised water with known mass attenuation coefficient ( 0.2066 cm 2 g − 1 at 59.54 keV) is chosen to confirm the method. 0.1964 ± 0.0350 cm 2 g − 1 is the average value determined by the numerical method, that is to say less than 5% relative deviation compared to more than 47% for the experimental methods.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsCalibration curveMonte Carlo method[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsTransmission geometryTransmission methodCalibrationMass attenuation coefficientMass attenuation coefficient[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det][ PHYS.NEXP ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Absorption (electromagnetic radiation)[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]InstrumentationChemical compositionPhysicsbusiness.industryNumerical analysisSelf-absorptionMonte-Carlo method0104 chemical sciencesComputational physicsbusinessGamma spectrometry
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Measurement of the neutrino-oxygen neutral-current interaction cross section by observing nuclear deexcitation gamma rays

2014

We report the first measurement of the neutrino-oxygen neutral-current quasielastic (NCQE) cross section. It is obtained by observing nuclear deexcitation $\gamma$-rays which follow neutrino-oxygen interactions at the Super-Kamiokande water Cherenkov detector. We use T2K data corresponding to $3.01 \times 10^{20}$ protons on target. By selecting only events during the T2K beam window and with well-reconstructed vertices in the fiducial volume, the large background rate from natural radioactivity is dramatically reduced. We observe 43 events in the $4-30$ MeV reconstructed energy window, compared with an expectation of 51.0, which includes an estimated 16.2 background events. The background …

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsCherenkov detectorPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsC-12FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy & Astrophysicslaw.inventionHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentPhysics Particles & FieldsNuclear physicsSUPER-KAMIOKANDE DETECTORCross section (physics)High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)lawEXCITATIONABSORPTION[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]SCATTERINGO-16Nuclear ExperimentPhysicsCALIBRATIONScience & TechnologyNeutral currenthep-exPhysicsGamma rayT2K experimentFísica3. Good healthPhysical SciencesNeutrinoWEAKFiducial markerBeam (structure)
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Neutron–gamma mixed field measurements by means of MCP–TLD600 dosimeter pair

2007

Abstract In this paper, we compared the TL response of three types of thermoluminescence dosimeters, TLD600 (6LiF:Mg,Ti), TLD700 (7LiF:Mg,Ti) and MCP (LiF:Mg,Cu,P) after exposure to a n–γ mixed field in the fluence range of radiotherapeutic applications. Since a dosimeter pair is required to discriminate the two components of the mixed field, we analyzed the ability of each dosimeter pair to provide the fluence value in the mixed field. At this aim we performed a 60Co–γ calibration and a neutron calibration for all three dosimeter types. Finally, a blind test was performed in order to analyze the accuracy of each dosimeter pair and we found that in this mixed field the fluence value obtaine…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsDosimeterField (physics)ChemistryThermoluminescenceTLD600TLD700MCPThermal neutronsNeutron dosimetryRadiochemistryAnalytical chemistryFluenceThermoluminescenceNeutron temperatureCalibrationDosimetryNeutronInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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From the Reference SEU Monitor to the Technology Demonstration Module On-Board PROBA-II

2008

The reference SEU Monitor system designed and presented in 2005 (R. H. SOslashrensen, F.-X. Guerre, and A. Roseng ldquoDesign, testing and calibration of a reference SEU monitor system,rdquo in Proc. RADECS, 2005, pp. B3-1-B3-7) has now been used by many researchers at many radiation test sites and has provided valuable calibration data in support of numerous projects. As some of these findings and results give new insight into improved inter-facility calibrations and provide additional inputs into ongoing SEE research, a few of the more interesting cases are presented. Furthermore the dasiadetector elementpsila, the Atmel AT60142F SRAM, now in a hybrid configuration, will form the key dete…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsEngineeringbusiness.industryDetectorOn boardRadiation testingNuclear Energy and EngineeringSingle event upsetCalibrationKey (cryptography)Electronic engineeringSatelliteStatic random-access memoryElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessComputer hardwareIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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