Search results for "Cancer"

Eosinophil depletion suppresses radiation-induced small intestinal fibrosis.

2017

Radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis (RIF) is a serious complication after abdominal radiotherapy for pelvic tumor or peritoneal metastasis. Herein, we show that RIF is mediated by eosinophil interactions with α-smooth muscle actin-positive (α-SMA+) stromal cells. Abdominal irradiation caused RIF especially in the submucosa (SM) of the small intestine, which was associated with the excessive accumulation of eosinophils in both human and mouse. Eosinophil-deficient mice showed markedly ameliorated RIF, suggesting the importance of eosinophils. After abdominal irradiation, chronic crypt cell death caused elevation of extracellular adenosine triphosphate, which in turn activated expression of…

Natural Compounds: Molecular Weapons against Leukemia’s

2017

Nowadays cancer is one of the main reasons of death all over the world and it is estimated that deaths caused by cancer will grow dramatically in the next decades. Even if chemotherapy is the election therapy for solid tumors, as well as leukemias and lymphomas, cancer treatments are in continuous evolution trying to solve the problem of resistance mainly due to low accumulation of the drug in tumor cells (MDR). Natural compounds represent a valid alternative to treat several disease and recently the scientific community focus on these natural compounds and plant metabolites with therapeutic activities and low toxicities compared with synthetic ones. A combination therapy, that join convent…

2020

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPi) have shown their superiority over conventional therapies to treat some cancers. ICPi are effective against immunogenic tumors. However, patients with tumors poorly infiltrated with immune cells do not respond to ICPi. Combining ICPi with other anticancer therapies such as chemotherapy, radiation, or vaccines, which can stimulate the immune system and recruit antitumor T cells into the tumor bed, may be a relevant strategy to increase the proportion of responding patients. Such an approach still raises the following questions: What are the immunological features modulated by immunogenic therapies that can be critical to ensure not only immediate but also l…

2018

Background: Chemotherapy is currently evaluated in order to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy in colorectal cancer. However, the mechanisms by which these drugs could...

Squalene versus cholesterol: Which is the best nanocarrier for the delivery to cells of the anticancer drug gemcitabine?

2018

Comptes Rendus Chimie - In Press.Proof corrected by the author Available online since jeudi 22 mars 2018

A New Mutation of the p53 Gene in Human Neuroblastoma, Not Correlated with N-myc Amplification

1999

N-myc gene amplification and/or loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 1 (LOH lp) are important criteria for prognosis and progression in human neuroblastoma (NB). Despite the high incidence of alterations of the p53 gene in human cancers, very few p53 mutations have been reported in NB. The objective of our study was to search for p53 mutations in NB and their correlation with N-myc amplification and clinical or pathologic parameters. We analyzed 14 selected cases of NB from the Spanish Protocol N-II-92. We found a missense mutation in codon 248 CGG to GGG (Arg/Gly) in one case of stage 4 NB with no N-myc amplification. Our results confirm the low incidence of p53 gene mutation in neuroblas…

A new approach for the treatment of CLL using chlorambucil/hydroxychloroquine-loaded anti-CD20 nanoparticles

2015

Current approaches for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have greatly improved the prognosis for survival, but some patients remain refractive to these therapeutic regimens. Hence, in addition to reducing the long-term sideeffects of therapeutics for all leukemia patients, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies for difficult-to-treat leukemia cases. Due to the cytotoxicity of drugs, the major challenge currently is to deliver the therapeutic agents to neoplastic cells while preserving the viability of non-malignant cells. In this study, we propose a therapeutic approach in which high doses of hydroxychloroquine and chlorambucil were loaded into biodegrada…

[Au(9-methylcaffein-8-ylidene) 2 ] + /DNA Tel23 System: Solution, Computational, and Biological Studies

2017

International audience; Physicochemical methods have been used to investigate interactions occurring in solution between the dicarbene gold(I) complex [Au(9‐methylcaffein‐8‐ylidene)2]BF4 (AuNHC) and a human telomeric DNA sequence, namely Tel23. Circular dichroism measurements allow identification of the conformational changes experienced by Tel23 upon interaction with AuNHC, and the respective binding stoichiometries and constants were determined. Computational studies provide a good link between previous crystallographic results of the same system and the present solution data, offering an exhaustive description of the inherent noncovalent metallodrug–DNA interactions. Remarkably, we found…

Aza-macrocyclic triphenylamine ligands for G-quadruplex recognition

2018

A new series of triphenylamine-based ligands with one (TPA1PY), two (TPA2PY) or three pendant aza-macrocycle(s) (TPA3PY) has been synthesised and studied by means of pH-metric titrations, UV/Vis spectroscopy and fluorescence experiments. The affinity of these ligands for G-quadruplex (G4) DNA and the selectivity they show for G4s over duplex DNA were investigated by Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) melting assays, fluorimetric titrations and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Interestingly, the interactions of the bi- and especially the tri-branched ligands with G4s lead to a very intense redshifted fluorescence emission band that may be associated with intermolecular aggregation betw…

Copper/MYC/CTR1 interplay: A dangerous relationship in hepatocellular carcinoma

2018

Free serum copper correlates with tumor incidence and progression of human cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Copper extracellular uptake is provided by the transporter CTR1, whose expression is regulated to avoid excessive intracellular copper entry. Inadequate copper serum concentration is involved in the pathogenesis of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), which is becoming a major cause of liver damage progression and HCC incidence. Finally, MYC is over-expressed in most of HCCs and is a critical regulator of cellular growth, tumor invasion and metastasis. The purpose of our study was to understand if higher serum copper concentrations might be involved in the prog…