Search results for "Capacity"
showing 10 items of 999 documents
Consequences of correlations between habitat modifications and negative impact of climate change for regional species survival
2011
Abstract While several empirical and theoretical studies have clearly shown the negative effects of climate or landscape changes on population and species survival only few of them addressed combined and correlated consequences of these key environmental drivers. This also includes positive landscape changes such as active habitat management and restoration to buffer the negative effects of deteriorating climatic conditions. In this study, we apply a conceptual spatial modelling approach based on functional types to explore the effects of both positive and negative correlations between changes in habitat and climate conditions on the survival of spatially structured populations. We test the…
150 years of rowing faster: what are the sources of more and more speed?
2015
Rowing has a 150 yr+ competitive history. Examining results from historic races like Oxford-Cambridge (established 1829) and the world championships (established 1893) reveals a linear increase in boat speed by 2-3% per decade. Boat velocity increases if propulsive power is increased and/or power losses are reduced. Over time, the propulsive power capacity of elite rowers has increased. Part of this increase is a result of recruiting athletes from a population that has become taller (1-3 cm per decade) and heavier. Modern world class rowers are typically 190-200 cm tall and weigh 90-100 kg. However, physical capacity does not scale directly with body dimensions but conforms instead to biolo…
Capacity building in clinical and molecular characterization of rare neurodegenerative diseases through the development of a local register and impro…
2020
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are very polymorphic and affect people of all ages. They concern both rare diseases and more common diseases. Improving knowledge of NDs in the French Caribbean region requires special attention because of the unique environmental and genetic background of its populations. In Martinique, there is a huge need for scientific research on rare NDs. While epidemiological and clinical research has increased over the past decade in the French West Indies, there is still little or no data on the genetics of NDs in these regions. The advent of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) on a global scale has the potential to make a difference in this field, provided that techno…
Lifespan and skeletal muscle properties the effects of genetic background, physical activity and aging
2016
Obesity and metabolic disorders have become a notable world-wide epidemic. The pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, has begun to negatively affect life expectancy of current generations. Low aerobic capacity has shown to be a strong predictor of mortality both in rodents and humans. Exercise is known to increase an individual’s aerobic capacity; interestingly, recent studies have suggested that genetic background may play a significant role in the physical activity level of an individual. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of genetic background and physical activity on skeletal muscle properties, metabolism and lifespan. The …
Assessment of available potential of agro - biomass and energy crops phytomass for biofuel production in Ukraine
2017
Przedstawiono analizę publikacji wyświetlających problem wykorzystania biomasy jako odnawialnego źródła energii na Ukrainie. Wykorzystanie biomasy w systemie paliwowo -energetycznym kraju jest bardzo ważnym zadaniem. Celem badań była ocena dostępnego potencjału biomasy rolnej oraz fitomasy z upraw energetycznych do produkcji biopaliwa. Przedstawiono technikę oceny, określono potencjał i obliczono efektywność energetyczną wykorzystania biomasy na Ukrainie. Udowodniono, że wykorzystanie biomasy rolniczej do celów energetycznych w Ukrainie pozwala zmniejszyć zależność energetyczną kraju od nieodnawialnych źródeł energii.
Classification of Solutions to the Minimum Energy Problem in One Dimensional Sensor Networks
2016
We classify of the minimum energy problem in one dimensional wireless sensor networks for the data transmission cost matrix which is a power function of the distance between transmitter and receiver with any real exponent. We show, how these solutions can be utilized to solve the minimum energy problem for the data transmission cost matrix which is a linear combination of two power functions. We define the minimum energy problem in terms of the sensors signal power, transmission time and capacities of transmission channels. We prove, that for the point-to-point data transmission method utilized by the sensors in the physical layer, when the transmitter adjust the power of its radio signal t…
Maximum Lifetime Problem in Sensor Networks with Limited Channel Capacity
2016
We analyze the maximum lifetime problem in sensor networks with limited channel capacity for multipoint-to-multipoint and broadcast data transmission services. For the transmission model in which the transmitter adjust the power of its radio signal to the distance to the receiver we propose a new Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio function and use it to modify the Shannon-Hartley channel capacity formula. We show, that in order to achieve an optimal data transmission regarding considered the maximum lifetime problem we cannot allow for any interference of signals. For considered transmission model and the modified capacity formula we solve the maximum lifetime problem in one dimensiona…
Aging of the musculoskeletal system: How the loss of estrogen impacts muscle strength.
2019
Skeletal muscle weakness occurs with aging and in females this is compounded by the loss of estrogen with ovarian failure. Estrogen deficiency mediates decrements in muscle strength from both inadequate preservation of skeletal muscle mass and decrements in the quality of the remaining skeletal muscle. Processes and components of skeletal muscle that are affected by estrogens are beginning to be identified. This review focuses on mechanisms that contribute to the loss of muscle force generation when estrogen is low in females, and conversely the maintenance of strength by estrogen. Evidence is accumulating that estrogen deficiency induces apoptosis in skeletal muscle contributing to loss of…
Effects of Exergaming in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease Compared to Conventional Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
2022
Background: Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs are used for improving prognosis and quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nonetheless, adherence to these programs is low, and exercise-based CR programs based on virtual reality (i.e., exergaming) have been proposed as an alternative to conventional CR programs. However, whether exergaming programs are superior to conventional CR programs in patients with CVD is not known. Objective: This systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to explore whether exergaming enhances exercise capacity, quality of life, mental health, motivation, and exercise adherence to a greater extent than conventional CR…
Nitrogen uptake and nitrogen fertilizer recovery in old and modern wheat genotypes grown in the presence or absence of interspecific competition
2015
Choosing genotypes with a high capacity for taking up nitrogen (N) from the soil and the ability to efficiently compete with weeds for this nutrient is essential to increasing the sustainability of cropping systems that are less dependent on auxiliary inputs. This research aimed to verify whether differences exist in N uptake and N fertilizer recovery capacity among wheat genotypes and, if so, whether these differences are related to a different competitive ability against weeds of wheat genotypes. To this end, 12 genotypes, varying widely in morphological traits and year of release, were grown in the presence or absence of interspecific competition (using Avena sativa L. as a surrogate wee…