Search results for "Cardial"
showing 10 items of 1384 documents
HERS study disturbs hormonal replacement therapy
2000
Cardiovascular protection of hormonal replacement therapy was considered a fact. The effects of estrogens on lipid levels and vascular health gave biological support to estrogen cardioprotection. The recently published HERS study showing no protective effects of estrogen and progesterone replacement therapy on the risk of myocardial infarction or coronary deaths is provoking perplexity. These surprising results may have several causes such as the use of progesterone, the associated use of cardioprotective agents or the short observation period. However, the study results scope is rectricted to secondary prevention. These cannot be extrapolated to frequent conditions of postmenopausal women …
C1-esterase inhibitor in ischemia and reperfusion.
2002
Summary Myocardial injury from ischemia can be aggravated by reperfusion of the jeopardized area. The precise underlying mechanisms have not been clearly defined, but proinflammatory events including complement activation play important roles. Cardioprotection by complement inhibition inter alia C1-esterase-inhibitor (C1-INH) was examined in several experimental models and under clinical conditions with ischemia and reperfusion. C1-INH reduced local anaphylatoxin release revealing the importance of the classical complement pathway. Inhibition of local complement activation was accompanied by improvement of myocardial function and perfusion of the previously ischemic myocardium. Leukocyte en…
Cardioprotection by gene therapy: A review paper on behalf of the Working Group on Drug Cardiotoxicity and Cardioprotection of the Italian Society of…
2015
Ischemic heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Ischemic pre-, post-, and remote conditionings trigger endogenous cardioprotection that renders the heart resistant to ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI). Mimicking endogenous cardioprotection by modulating genes involved in cardioprotective signal transduction provides an opportunity to reproduce endogenous cardioprotection with better possibilities of translation into the clinical setting. Genes and signaling pathways by which conditioning maneuvers exert their effects on the heart are partially understood. This is due to the targeted approach that allowed identifying one or a few genes associated with IRI and cardioprote…
Baseline adherence to the Mediterranean diet and major cardiovascular events: Prevención con dieta mediterránea trial
2014
Lifestyle modification, particularly dietary changes, is the cornerstone of population-based strategies for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention.1 Recently the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) study,2 a 5-year randomized primary prevention trial (isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN35739639), showed a 30% reduction in incident CVD with Mediterranean diet (MeDiet) intervention in comparison with a control diet. At quarterly visits throughout the study, a validated 14-item MeDiet screening tool (Table 1) was used to assess conformity with this dietary pattern.3 Close monitoring of adherence to dietary instructions for CVD prevention is difficult in the clinical setting. Short dietary …
Langzeitverlauf über 10 Jahre nach Ballondilatation bei stabiler und instabiler Angina pectoris
2008
OBJECTIVE To assess the cardiac status of patients ten years after percutaneous transluminal coronary artery angioplasty (PTCA). PATIENTS AND METHODS Data of 534 patients (436 men, 98 women; mean age 53.2 +/- 8 years) in whom a PTCA had been performed between 1983 and 1986 were analysed, based on a questionnaire answered 121 +/- 11 months after the initial procedure. At the time of PTCA 184 patients (35%) had unstable angina, 350 (65%) stable angina. RESULTS 116 patients (63%) with unstable angina and 164 (47%) with stable angina had at least one cardiac event after the initial PTCA (repeat PTCA, bypass operation, myocardial infarction, death). None of these events occurred in 68 patients (…
Pressure–volume relationship by pharmacological stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance
2021
Abstract Background. The variation between rest and peak stress end-systolic pressure-volume relation (ΔESPVR) is an index of myocardial contractility, easily obtained during routine stress echocardiography and never tested during dipyridamole stress-cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). We assessed the ΔESPVR index in patients with known/suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent dipyridamole stress-CMR.Methods. One-hundred consecutive patients (24 females, 63.76±10.17 years) were considered. ESPVR index was evaluated at rest and stress from raw measurement of systolic arterial pressure and end-systolic volume by biplane Simpson’s method. Results. The ΔESPVR index showed a good inte…
1267 HSP70-2 polymorphism as a risk factor for carotid plaque rupture and cerebral ischaemia in old type 2 diabetes-atherosclerotic patients.
2005
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are at risk for macrovascular disease complications, such as myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke from plaque rupture. Cytokines play a key role in plaque vulnerability. IFN-gamma inhibits collagen synthesis thereby affecting plaque stability. High IL-6, TNF-alpha, and dyslipidemia are risk factors for thrombosis. Abnormal increments of HSP70 in atherosclerotic plaques might lead to plaque instability and rupture caused by chronic inflammation, which up-regulates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) in human monocytes. Studies of a polymorphic PstI site lying in the coding region at position 1267 of the HSP70-2 gene…
Preclinical atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome increase cardio- and cerebrovascular events rate: a 20-year follow up
2013
BACKGROUND: Intima-media thickness (IMT) is a validated marker of preclinical atherosclerosis and a predictor of cardiovascular events. PATIENTS: We studied a population of 529 asymptomatic patients (age 62 ± 12.8 years), divided into two groups of subjects with and without Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). METHODS: All patients, at baseline, have had a carotid ultrasound evaluation and classified in two subgroups: the first one without atherosclerotic lesions and the second one with preclinical atherosclerosis (increased IMT or asymptomatic carotid plaque). Cardiovascular endpoints were investigated in a 20-years follow-up. RESULTS: There were 242 cardiovascular events: 144 among patients with Me…
Carotid and peripheral atherosclerosis in patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention and outcome associated with multifocal at…
2006
AIM: The aim of our study was to determine if patients with multifocal atherosclerosis have a worse prognosis than patients with atherosclerosis only in the coronary bed. METHODS: We studied 45 subjects admitted to intensive coronary care unit of the Division of Cardiology with the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Traditional cardiovascular risk factors were investigated and laboratory analysis included measurement of plasma lipids, glycemia, fibrinogen and high-sensitivity-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Each patient underwent coronary-angiography as well as carotid and peripheral arterial ultrasound examination. A follow-up of 13+/-2 months was performed. RESULTS: We found tha…
Management of Patients with Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Carotid Artery Disease: Update on Anti-Thrombotic Therapy
2019
AbstractThe most common causes of ischaemic stroke are represented by carotid artery atherosclerotic disease (CAAD) and atrial fibrillation. While oral anticoagulants substantially reduce the incidence of thromboembolic stroke (< 1%/year), the rate of ischaemic stroke and other cardiovascular disease events in patients with CAAD remains high, ranging from 8.4 to 18.1 events per 100 patient-years. Similar to any other atherosclerotic disease, anti-thrombotic therapies are proposed for CAAD to reduce stroke and other cardiovascular events. The 2017 European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) guidelines recommend for patients with asymptomatic CAAD ≥60%…