Search results for "Cardial"

Study on the histamine-like activity of guanfacine

1990

Abstract The effects of guanfacine have been studied on guinea-pig isolated atria and diethylstilboestrol-treated rat isolated uterus to determine whether it possesses histamine-like activity. Guanfacine produced a concentration-dependent negative chronotropic effect which was not modified by ranitidine (0.1 μM). In rat isolated uterus contracted by KCl, clonidine (5–5000 μM) produced concentration-dependent relaxation which was blocked by ranitidine (0.1 μM), but guanfacine only produced relaxation at high concentrations (100–1000 μM), and this was not affected by ranitidine (0.1 μM). It is concluded that guanfacine, unlike clonidine, does not produce effects due to activation of H2-recept…

Effects of the Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor Enoximone on the Autonomic Innervation of the Isolated Heart

1989

Enoximone is a selective inhibitor of a low Km, cyclic AMP-specific type of phosphodiesterase (PDE III). In guinea pig and chicken atria, enoximone (0.1-100 mumol/L) caused a weak increase in the force of contraction. The heart rate was slightly enhanced or was unchanged (chicken). Enoximone (30 mumol/L) also failed to shift the concentration-response curves for the positive inotropic and chronotropic effects of norepinephrine in guinea pig atria. Under almost the same conditions, enoximone and the nonselective PDE inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) markedly potentiated the forskolin-induced mobilization of choline from phospholipids. The concentrations of IBMX (100 mumol/L) and o…

Ouabain enhances release of acetylcholine in the heart evoked by unilateral vagal stimulation.

1986

The aim of the study was to elucidate peripheral effects of ouabain on the parasympathetic innervation of the heart, effects that could contribute to the experimentally and clinically well established “vagal effect of cardiac glycosides”. The experiments were carried out with ouabain concentrations of 3×10−7 and 10−6 mol/l, which were considered “therapeutic”, as they increased force of contraction and did not elicit arrhythmias in incubated chicken atria. In atrial preparations of chickens and guinea-pigs the negative chronotropic and inotropic effects of acetylcholine (ACh) were not altered by 3×10−7 mol/l ouabain. Resting efflux of ACh from perfused chicken hearts was increased by ouabai…

Oral Glycoprotein IIb/IIa Antagonists for Unstable Angina — Is There Still a Chance for the Oral Substances?

2001

The intravenous glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists abciximab, tirofiban and eptifibatide are well accepted for the therapy of patients with unstable angina and/or as concomitant medication during coronary interventions. Despite the fact that these drugs are not used in all patients presenting with unstable angina during coronary interventions, the scientific evidence is overwhelming including the substantial reduction in mortality 3 years after utilisation of abciximab for coronary interventions in patients with unstable angina. In addition to these two indications, intravenous glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists are currently being investigated for use in patients undergoing carotid artery in…

Impact of diabetes mellitus on outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction according to varying degrees of left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to contribute to unfavorable short- and long-term outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Particularly poor outcomes are associated with left ventricular systolic dysfunction after an MI. The aim of our study was to compare the short- and long-term outcomes of MI in patients with DM and varied degrees of left ventricular systolic dysfunction with the corresponding outcomes in a non-diabetic control group. Methods: This analysis focused on patients with MI registered in the Polish National Registry of Acute Coronary Syndrome between 2009 and 2011. For the purposes of this analysis, diabetic patients were additionally stratified into t…

Strict compliance with ESC therapeutic guidelines after myocardial infarction treated with invasive strategy correlates with improved 18-month outcom…

2020

Abstract Background Despite improved early outcomes in patients (pts) with acute myocardial infarction (MI) in Poland with prevalent strategy of primary angioplasty by radial access, mid- and long-term outcomes are unsatisfactory. Objective We hypothesized that strict implementation of secondary prevention ESC guidelines in post-infarction management may be related with improved mid-term clinical outcomes Methods We compared 18-month outcomes of pts treated for MI with primary invasive strategy in a tertiary university hospital (NSTEMI 470/47%, or STEMI 535/53%; N=1005; Gr-L) with similar subset from national databases AMI-PL and PL-ACS (N=117307; NSTEMI 50966/43%, STEMI 64078/57%; Gr-Pol).…

Assessment of volume and density of epicardial fat: comparison between CT calcium score and CT coronary angiography scans.

2015

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References

Comparison of Statistical Methods for the Detection of Contrast Material in Echocardiographic Image Sequences

1987

Ultrasonic imaging of the heart is a diagnostic tool which is increasingly used in cardiology. In addition to the representation of important anatomical information two dimensional images provided by mechanical or electronically steered sector scanners can be used for the extraction of functional parameters of the heart (as e.g. enddiastolic volume or ejection fraction). A poor definition of the endocardial border especially resulting from the noisy appearance of the images and from qualitatively restricted echocardiograms leads to uncertainties in the quantitative analysis and therefore requires refined methods for the determination of functional parameters. Our investigations which are ba…

A 3D Network Based Shape Prior for Automatic Myocardial Disease Segmentation in Delayed-Enhancement MRI

2021

Abstract Objectives: In this work, a new deep learning model for relevant myocardial infarction segmentation from Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE)-MRI is proposed. Moreover, our novel segmentation method aims to detect microvascular-obstructed regions accurately. Material and methods: We first segment the anatomical structures, i.e., the left ventricular cavity and the myocardium, to achieve a preliminary segmentation. Then, a shape prior based framework that fuses the 3D U-Net architecture with 3D Autoencoder segmentation framework to constrain the segmentation process of pathological tissues is applied. Results: The proposed network reached outstanding myocardial segmentation compared wi…

2020

One crucial parameter to evaluate the state of the heart after myocardial infarction (MI) is the viability of the myocardial segment, i.e., if the segment recovers its functionality upon revascularization. MRI performed several minutes after the injection of a contrast agent (delayed enhancement-MRI or DE-MRI) is a method of choice to evaluate the extent of MI, and by extension, to assess viable tissues after an injury. The Emidec dataset is composed of a series of exams with DE-MR images in short axis orientation covering the left ventricle from normal cases or patients with myocardial infarction, with the contouring of the myocardium and diseased areas (if present) from experts in the dom…