Search results for "Cardiovascular medicine"
showing 10 items of 4222 documents
Long-term Leisure-time Physical Activity and Serum Metabolome
2013
Background— Long-term physical inactivity seems to cause many health problems. We studied whether persistent physical activity compared with inactivity has a global effect on serum metabolome toward reduced cardiometabolic disease risk. Methods and Results— Sixteen same-sex twin pairs (mean age, 60 years) were selected from a cohort of twin pairs on the basis of their >30-year discordance for physical activity. Persistently (≥5 years) active and inactive groups in 3 population-based cohorts (mean ages, 31–52 years) were also studied (1037 age- and sex-matched pairs). Serum metabolome was quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We used permutation analysis to estimate the …
Body weight variation and control of cardiovascular risk factors in essential hypertension.
2009
The objective was to assess the impact of weight changes on blood pressure (BP), lipids and glucose goals in a cohort of hypertensive subjects.Prospective follow-up.Hypertension clinic.326 hypertensive non-diabetic subjects, 46% with metabolic syndrome (MS).Usual care treatment, which included diet, physical exercise and drugs prescribed when indicated. All patients were observed for up to 1 year.BP and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) goal were those in ESH/ESC and ATP III recommendations, respectively. The glucose goal was to delay progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus, or to achieve blood glucose100 mg/dl for non-diabetics. According to body weight changes, patients were cat…
Chronic Hyperinsulinemia Does Not Increase the Production Rate of High-Density Lipoprotein Apolipoprotein AI
2013
Objective— In vitro studies showed that insulin stimulates the production of apolipoprotein AI (apoAI). Thus, we hypothesized that chronic hyperinsulinemia could contribute to the increase in the production of high-density lipoprotein apoAI that is observed in metabolic syndrome. Approach and Results— We performed an in vivo kinetic study with stable isotope in 7 patients with insulinoma who showed hyperinsulinemia but no insulin resistance, 8 patients with insulin resistance, and 16 controls. Insulinemia was 3.1× ( P <0.01) higher in patients with insulinoma or insulin resistance than in controls in the fasting state and, respectively, 3.5× and 2.6× ( P <0.05) higher in the fed stat…
Effects of gemfibrozil on insulin sensitivity and on haemostatic variables in hypertriglyceridemic patients.
2000
In order to assess the efficacy of gemfibrozil on lipid and haemostatic parameters in patients with plurimetabolic syndrome, a multicenter double-blind placebo controlled, parallel study was carried out in 56 patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia and glucose intolerance. These patients had elevated PAI activity and antigen and t-PA antigen levels at rest and after venous occlusion. Gemfibrozil reduced plasma triglyceride levels (P0.001), whereas it increased free fatty acids (P0.05) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P0.05). In those patients reaching normalization of plasma triglyceride levels (triglyceride reductionor =50%) (n=15), insulin levels (P0.05) as well as the …
Involvement of hydrogen and lipid peroxides in acute tobacco smoking-induced platelet hyperactivity
1995
Previous studies have established that cigarette smoking results in acute platelet hyperaggregability. We investigated whether changes in plasma oxidative properties could occur after smoking and whether such changes could be responsible for this enhanced platelet activity. In the present work, we report that platelets from nonsmokers become hyperactive after incubation with plasma prepared from blood of smokers obtained 10 min after smoking. This effect was not observed with presmoking plasma and could be inhibited in vitro by adding either catalase or reduced glutathione plus peroxidase to plasma or 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT) to platelets before incubation. Comparison of pre- and p…
Serum Concentration of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 Is Independently Associated with Global Platelet Function and Higher Fibrinogen Values in Adu…
2017
AbstractGrowth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) has recently emerged as a strong and independent predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this important association remain speculative. This study was aimed to investigate the potential associations between the serum concentration of GDF-15 and clinical or laboratory parameters in a population of ostensibly healthy subjects. The study population consisted of 44 healthy volunteers enrolled from the laboratory staff (14 males and 30 females; mean age, 47 ± 11 years), who had their blood collected for assessing complete blood cell count, GDF-15, serum creatinine, albumin, cardiac t…
Spontaneous echo contrast caused by platelet and leukocyte aggregates?
2001
Background and Purpose —Spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (SEC) is correlated to clinical thromboembolic events. We sought to determine the origin of SEC by utilizing direct analysis of left atrial blood. Methods —We examined the blood of 13 patients with and 19 without SEC. Blood samples were taken from the femoral vein and artery and from the right and left atria after transseptal puncture. Samples were incubated with fluorescence-labeled antibodies directed against the platelet (CD41a-PE, CD42b-PE, and CD62p-FITC) and leukocyte membrane epitopes (CD45-APC and CD14-FITC). The expressed epitopes were analyzed by dual laser flow cytometry immediately after blood withdrawal. Results —I…
Increased thromboxane biosynthesis in type IIa hypercholesterolemia.
1992
BACKGROUND Increased platelet thromboxane (TX)A2 production has been described in type IIa hypercholesterolemia. To verify the relevance of these capacity-related measurements to the actual rate of TXA2 biosynthesis in vivo, we studied the urinary excretion of its major enzymatic metabolites in 46 patients with type IIa hypercholesterolemia and 20 age-matched controls. METHODS AND RESULTS Urinary 11-dehydro-TXB2 and 2,3-dinor-TXB2 were measured by previously validated radioimmunoassays. The excretion rate of 11-dehydro-TXB2 was significantly (p less than 0.001) higher in patients (68.7 +/- 35.1 ng/hr, mean +/- SD) than in controls (22.4 +/- 9.4 ng/hr), with metabolite excretion greater tha…
A genome-wide association study identifies two loci associated with heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy
2011
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of heart failure with a high familial recurrence risk. So far, the genetics of DCM remains largely unresolved. We conducted the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify loci contributing to sporadic DCM.One thousand one hundred and seventy-nine DCM patients and 1108 controls contributed to the discovery phase. Pools of DNA stratified on disease status, population, age, and gender were constituted and used for testing association of DCM with 517 382 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Three DCM-associated SNPs were confirmed by individual genotyping (P5.0 10(-7)), and two of them, rs10927875 and rs2234962, were replicated in ind…
MIC trial: metoprolol in patients with mild to moderate heart failure: effects on ventricular function and cardiopulmonary exercise testing
2000
Beta-blocker therapy results in a functional benefit in patients with heart failure (CHF) due to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). This study assessed if similar effects were observed in patients with ischemic heart disease (CAD), NYHA II–III after 6 months of therapy with metoprolol. Methods and results: Fifty-two patients with CHF secondary to DCM (26 patients) and CAD (26 patients) and a left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) < 40% were enrolled in the placebo-controlled study. The study medication was titrated over 6 weeks, the mean final dosage was 135 mg/day. Three patients died due to cardiogenic shock, two received placebo and one metoprolol. Eight patients did not complete …