Search results for "Cardiovascular medicine"
showing 10 items of 4222 documents
Health literacy in familial hypercholesterolemia: A cross-national study.
2018
Background High rates of inadequate health literacy are associated with maladaptive health outcomes in chronic disease including increased mortality and morbidity rates, poor treatment adherence and poor health. Adequate health literacy may be an important factor in the effective treatment and management of familial hypercholesterolemia, and may also be implicated in genetic screening for familial hypercholesterolemia among index cases. The present study examined the prevalence and predictors of health literacy in familial hypercholesterolemia patients attending clinics in seven countries. Design Cross-sectional survey. Methods Consecutive FH patients attending clinics in Australia, Brazil,…
Trends in adherence to the Mediterranean diet in South Italy: A cross sectional study
2019
Background and aims: Increasing literature data show that adherence to the Mediterranean diet is undergoing profound changes in recent years, albeit with marked differences across nations. In Italy, one of the cradles of the Mediterranean diet, the literature regarding the trend for Mediterranean diet adherence is conflicting. Thus, we aimed to explore the trends of adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a large cohort of participants living in South Italy, over 20 years from 1985–86 to 2005–06. Methods and results: Cross-sectional study with two evaluations, one made in 1985–86 and another in 2005–06; all participants were adults aged 30–70 years of age. The adherence to the Mediterranean …
European Society of Cardiology
2022
Abstract Aims This report from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Atlas Project updates and expands upon the widely cited 2019 report in presenting cardiovascular disease (CVD) statistics for the 57 ESC member countries. Methods and results Statistics pertaining to 2019, or the latest available year, are presented. Data sources include the World Health Organization, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, the World Bank, and novel ESC sponsored data on human and capital infrastructure and cardiovascular healthcare delivery. New material in this report includes sociodemographic and environmental determinants of CVD, rheumatic heart disease, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, left…
Perilipin polymorphism interacts with saturated fat and carbohydrates to modulate insulin resistance
2010
Macronutrient intakes and genetic variants have been shown to interact to alter the risk of insulin resistance, but replication of gene-nutrient interactions across independent populations may be difficult to achieve. Saturated fat and carbohydrate were previously shown to interact with genotype for insulin resistance for a variant of perilipin (PLIN), the major adipocyte-associated protein and a regulator of adipocyte metabolism. We investigated the same interaction for PLIN 11482G>A (rs894160) on insulin resistance in US men(n=462) and women(n=508) (mean ±SD, 49±16 years). In multivariate linear regression models, we found a significant (PA for HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of ins…
Influence of genetic variation at the apo A-I gene locus on lipid levels and response to diet in familial hypercholesterolemia
1998
We have examined the apo AI - 75 (G/A) and apo AI + 83(MspI +/-) polymorphisms at the APOA1 gene locus for associations with plasma lipid levels and response to an NCEP-I diet in 69 (44 women, 25 men) heterozygotes for familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Subjects were studied at baseline (after consuming for one month a diet with 35%, fat, 10% saturated, and 300 mg/day cholesterol) and after 3 months of an NCEP-I diet. No gender-related differences for any of the lipid variables examined were found and the data were analyzed for men and women combined. For the apo AI - 75 (G/A) polymorphism, there were 51 G/G and 18 G/A subjects. At baseline, G/A subjects showed significantly lower total ch…
Value of the Definition of Severe Familial Hypercholesterolemia for Stratification of Heterozygous Patients
2017
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is characterized by high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol with co-dominant transmission and high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), although with high variability among subjects. Currently, CVD stratification tools for heterozygous FH (HeFH) are not available. A definition of severe HeFH has been recently proposed by the International Atherosclerosis Society (IAS), but it has not been validated. Our study aims to see clinical characteristics and prevalence of CVD in subjects defined as severe HeFH by IAS criteria. Probable or definite HeFH introduced in the Dyslipidemia Registry of Spanish Arteriosclerosis Society were analyzed by the IAS crite…
Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids may increase plasma LDL-cholesterol and plasma cholesterol concentrations in carriers of an ABCG1 gene single nuc…
2011
Abstract Background ABCG1 mediates cellular cholesterol transport, but there is very little known about the influence of ABCG1 polymorphisms on human plasma lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations or on the interactions of these polymorphisms with diet. Objective Our objective was to investigate whether interactions between PUFA intake and ABCG1 polymorphisms modulate associations with plasma total cholesterol (TC), LDL- and HDL-cholesterol in two Spanish populations. Methods We grounded our investigation on two general population-based studies: the Hortega study (population A) and the Pizarra study (population B). Participants included 1178 individuals (50.0% women, age range 21–85 years) a…
Genetic Variation at the ApoA-IV Gene Locus and Response to Diet in Familial Hypercholesterolemia
1998
Abstract —Plasma lipid response to dietary fat and cholesterol is, in part, genetically controlled. The apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV protein; APOA4, gene) has been shown to influence the response to dietary changes in normolipidemic individuals. The response to diet in subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is also variable, and no studies are available on the influence of APOA4 mutations on dietary response in these subjects. We studied the effect of 2 common apoA-IV genetic variants (Gln 360 →His and Thr 347 →Ser) on the lipid response to the National Cholesterol Education Program type I (NCEP-I) diet in 67 FH heterozygotes (43 women and 24 men). Subjects were studied at baseli…
Hyperhomocysteinemia, obesity and cryptogenic stroke
2011
BACKGROUND: The pathogenic role of hyperhomocysteinemia in cryptogenic stroke is not well established. We aimed to determine homocysteine levels in patients with cryptogenic stroke considering the possible variables that may act as confounders and analyze the influence of obesity on this association. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a case-control study in 123 patients with cryptogenic stroke aged 42 ± 12 years and in 153 control subjects aged 42 ± 13 years. Serum homocysteine was determined by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. RESULTS: Patients showed statistically higher levels of homocysteine, creatinine and higher BMI than controls (p = 0.045, p = 0.014, p = 0.013), respectively.…
Gemfibrozil reduces small low-density lipoprotein more in normolipemic subjects classified as low-density lipoprotein pattern B compared with pattern…
2005
We tested the hypothesis that gemfibrozil has a differential effect on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclass distributions and postprandial lipemia that is different in subjects classified as having LDL subclass pattern A or LDL pattern B who do not have a classic lipid disorder. Forty-three normolipemic subjects were randomized to gemfibrozil (1,200 mg/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. Lipids and lipoproteins were determined by enzymatic methods. The mass concentrations of lipoproteins in plasma were determined by analytic ultracentrifugation and included the S(f) intervals: 20 to 400 (very LDL), 12 to 20 (intermediate-density lipoprotein), 0 to 12 (LDL), an…