Search results for "Carotid arterie"
showing 10 items of 117 documents
Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Atherosclerotic Burden and Cardiovascular Prognosis
2007
Patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) are at increased risk of cardiovascular atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of MS on cardiovascular prognosis in context with atherosclerotic burden. A total of 811 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) were included and carotid and leg arteries were examined using sonographic methods. Patients with low (CHD only, n = 428, 52.8%) or high atherosclerotic burden (CHD and peripheral atherosclerosis, n=383, 47.2%) were compared. Patients withor=3 of the following criteria: triglyceridesor=150 mg/dl, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol40 mg/dl (men) and50 mg/dl (women), body mass index30 kg/m2, blood pressureor=130/85 mm H…
The association between coronary microvascular dysfunction and carotid intima media thickness in patients with cardiac syndrome X
2016
Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate in patients with cardiac syndrome X (CSX), using validated angiography indices, coronary blood flow and myocardial perfusion of the microcirculation to assess whether there is greater microvascular dysfunction in patients with increase of carotid intima media thickness (C-IMT), compared to those who do not have. Methods Our study was performed on a population 124 patients with CSX that underwent coronary angiography and carotid ultrasound. We divided the sample into two categories: patients with increase of C-IMT and those without increase. We calculated Gibson and Yusuf indices for each patient based on angiographic images, including…
Mechanisms underlying the diabetes-induced hyporeactivity of the rabbit carotid artery to atrial natriuretic peptide
2010
Abstract Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of the vascular complications in diabetes. The working hypothesis was that diabetes might modify the vascular actions of ANP in isolated rabbit carotid arteries and the mechanisms involved in these actions. ANP (10 −12 –10 −7 M) induced a relaxation of precontracted carotid arteries, which was lower in diabetic than in control rabbits. In arteries from both groups of animals, endothelium removal increased the ANP-induced relaxation. Isatin inhibited the relaxation to ANP both in arteries with and without endothelium. Carotid arteries from diabetic rabbits showed a decreased natriuretic peptide receptor…
Impact of insulin resistance on cardiac and vascular function.
2016
Background Insulin resistance (IR), constitutes an important cardiovascular risk factor and can cause ischemic heart disease. It can lead to left ventricular dysfunction with a mechanism independent of ischemic heart disease and it is closely associated with impaired vascular function. The aim of our study was to explore the impact of IR on cardiac and vascular function, in patients with cardiovascular risk factors but angiographically undamaged coronary arteries. Methods We studied 32 patients (62.06 ± 11.19 years) with cardiovascular risk factors. All patients underwent coronary angiography, echocardiography, Doppler ultrasound of carotid arteries and laboratory tests. Exclusion criteria …
Imaging processing for CT angiography of the cervicocranial arteries: evaluation of reformatting technique.
2007
Purpose. The aim of this study was to compare computed tomography angiography (CTA) sliding-thin-slab (STS) multiplanar reformatting (MPR), STS maximum intensity projection (MIP) and three-dimensional (3D) volume rendering (VR) reformatting techniques in the evaluation of cervicocranial arteries. Materials and methods. Twenty patients examined with multislice CT were included in this study. CTA images were reformatted as STS-MIP, STS-MPR and 3DVR in orthogonal planes and in the oblique-coronal plane. Images were evaluated in consensus by two radiologists, with a third radiologist to resolve discordances in grading image quality parameters. The Spearman correlation analysis was performed to …
Differential effects of isoliquiritigenin and YC-1 in rat aortic smooth muscle.
1997
We investigated the effects of isoliquiritigenin and YC-1 (3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzyl indazole) on tension in endothelial-free rat aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine (3 microM). Both compounds induced a concentration-dependent relaxation (EC50 of YC-1 1.9 microM and of isoliquiritigenin 9.4 microM). The effects developed faster with YC-1 than with isoliquiritigenin, and the effects of YC-1 were potentiated by isoliquiritigenin (10 microM). 1H-[1,2,4]Oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (30 microM) inhibited the effect of YC-1, but not of isoliquiritigenin. These results suggest that the effects of YC-1 are due to stimulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase activity, whereas …
Administration of transforming growth factor-α reduces infarct volume after transient focal cerebral ischemia in the rat
2001
Growth factors promote cell growth and survival and protect the brain from developing injury after ischemia. In this article, the authors examined whether transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α was protective in transient focal ischemia and whether alteration of cerebral circulation was involved. Rats received intraventricular TGF-α (50 ng, either split into 2 doses given 30 minutes before and 30 minutes after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), or 1 dose given 30 minutes after MCAO) or vehicle. Rats were subjected to 1-hour intraluminal MCAO and cerebral blood flow was recorded continuously by laser-Doppler flowmetry. Infarct volume was measured 1 and 4 days later. The effects of TGF-α o…
The carotid pulse check revisited: What if there is no pulse?
2000
This study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and time required by first responders to assess the carotid pulse in potentially pulseless patients. We conducted a prospective, randomized study of first responders (n = 206; four different training levels) and were blinded as to the patients' conditions in the cardiac operating rooms of a university hospital. Sixteen patients underwent coronary artery bypass surgery on nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypasses. Carotid pulse check was performed either during pulsatile (spontaneous) or during nonpulsatile (extracorporeal) circulation. Patients' hemodynamic status at the time of assessment, diagnostic accuracy of the first responders…
Immune-inflammatory markers and arterial stiffness indexes in subjects with acute ischemic stroke.
2010
Abstract No study has yet evaluated the relationship between arterial stiffness indexes and immuno-inflammatory pathway in patients with an acute cardiovascular or cerebrovascular event. The aim of our study was to evaluate in patients with acute ischemic stroke the relationship between immune-inflammatory markers and arterial stiffness indexes. Methods 107 subjects with acute ischemic stroke and 107 controls without stroke. We evaluated plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), E-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1…
Solitary fibrous tumor surrounding the carotid sheath.
2009
Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are rare spindle cell neoplasms that are mostly found arising from the pleura. Although SFTs recently have been reported in other regions, they are rare in the head and neck and have often been misdiagnosed due to their rarity. SFTs are benign in most cases. Clinically, SFTs usually manifest as wellcircumscribed, slow-growing, smooth and painless masses. Symptoms are often minimal, although they may include sore throat, difficulty in swallowing, change of voice or trismus. CT-Scan and MRI are the most sensitive imaging procedures used. The treatment of choice is complete surgical excision of the lesion. Because recurrences have been noted up to 30 years after …