Search results for "Carotid"
showing 10 items of 424 documents
Brain BDNF levels are dependent on cerebrovascular endothelium-derived nitric oxide
2016
International audience; Scientific evidence continues to demonstrate a link between endothelial function and cognition. Besides, several studies have identified a complex interplay between nitric oxide (NO) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin largely involved in cognition. Therefore, this study investigated the link between cerebral endothelium-derived NO and BDNF signaling. For this purpose, levels of BDNF and the phosphorylated form of endothelial NO synthase at serine 1177 (p-eNOS) were simultaneously measured in the cortex and hippocampus of rats subjected to either bilateral common carotid occlusion (n=6), physical exercise (n=6) or a combination of both (n=6) …
Chronic exercise impairs nitric oxide pathway in rabbit carotid and femoral arteries
2018
KEY POINTS: Some of the beneficial effects of exercise in preventing vascular related diseases are mediated by the enhancement of endothelial function where the role of nitric oxide (NO) is well documented, although the relevance of calcium activated potassium channels is not fully understood. The impact of oxidative stress induced by training on endothelial function remains to be clarified. By evaluating different endothelial vasodilator pathways on two vascular beds in a rabbit model of chronic exercise, we found a decreased NO bioavailability and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in both carotid and femoral arteries. Physical training induced carotid endothelial dysfunction as…
Cerebral metabolism after transient ischemic attack. A 1H MR spectroscopy study
1999
International audience; Abstract: Metabolic changes induced by cerebral infarction or by stenosis and occlusion of the internal carotid artery have been previously described in 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H MRS). These changes are essentially characterized by decreased N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) and increased lactate concentration. Little is known about the metabolic changes observed in the three days following a transient ischemic attack (TIA) in the absence of stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid artery, and without visible infarction on Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI). We studied five patients with a TIA lasting between 30 min and 3 h, affecting the sensory and motor fun…
The cortisol burden in elderly subjects with metabolic syndrome and its association with low-grade inflammation
2019
Background: Elderly people are exposed to an increased load of stressful events and neuro-hormonal stimulation is a key finding in metabolic syndrome and its related disorders. Aims: To determine the role of cortisol in elderly subjects, with or without metabolic syndrome (MetS), by means of a national multicentre observational study, AGICO (AGIng and Cortisol). Methods: From 2012 to 2017, the AGICO study enrolled n.339 subjects (aged > 65), after obtaining their informed consent. The investigators assessed a cardio-metabolic panel (including electrocardiogram, carotid ultrasonography and echocardiography), the presence of MetS (on Adult Treatment Panel III criteria), a neurological exam…
Thoracic Aortic Intima-Media Thickness in Preschool Children Born Small for Gestational Age
2018
To assess thoracic aortic intima-media thickness (aIMT) as a marker of thoracic aortic remodeling in children born small for gestational age (SGA).We assessed thoracic aIMT, carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in 239 patients (117 SGA; 122 appropriate for gestational age controls) age 6-8 years. Each SGA participant was matched 1:1 based on sex, gestational age, and birth date. Thoracic aIMT was determined by 2-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography.SGA children showed a significant increase in both aIMT (0.89 mm [0.12] vs 0.79 mm [0.11], P .001) and cIMT (.50 mm [0.05] vs 0.49 mm [0.04], P .001) compared with appropriate for gestational age controls, …
A New Off-Pump Hybrid Open and Endovascular Repair to Treat Ductus Botalli and Ascendens Aneurysms
2012
To report a combined ascending aorta and aortic arch hybrid repair, we performed off-pump with no aortic graft replacement. A 65-year-old man, developing progressive recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis, underwent a computed tomography (CT) angiography detecting nonpatent residual ductus Botalli aneurysm and ascending aorta aneurysm. Due to severe multimorbidities, a less-invasive alternative was elaborated. In a first step, appropriate proximal landing zone for aortic stent grafting was achieved by ascending aorta diameter reduction, with epiaortic wrapping, and debranching the supra-aortic trunks. In the second step, endovascular stent grafts were deployed from proximal ascending aorta to…
Carotid artery stenting with contralateral carotid occlusion in a rare aortic arch configuration
2010
We present the case of a 47-year-old man admitted to our department with an episode of aphasia. Duplex scan showed an occluded right internal carotid artery and severe left internal carotid artery stenosis. Contrast-enhanced computer tomography demonstrated a common trunk for both common carotid arteries anterior to the trachea and aberrant right subclavian artery posterior to the esophagus. The patient was considered to be a high risk for carotid endarterectomy and, consequently, we performed stenting of the left carotid artery. To our knowledge, this is the first case reporting the combination of these two aortic arch anomalies and the concomitant endovascular treatment of atherosclerotic…
Late carotid artery stent erosion and pseudoaneurysm after accidental hyperextension of the neck
2010
A 75-year-old man was referred to our unit complaining of a large pulsatile neck mass that appeared 2 days after an accidental fall and hyperextension of the neck. One month earlier, he was submitted to left carotid artery stenting for symptomatic high-grade stenosis. His medical history included diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and a right femoropopliteal bypass for critical limb ischemia. At the time of admission, he was afebrile and had no evidence of local erythema, draining sinus, or leukocytosis. Moreover, C-reactive protein was 1 mg/dL. The clinical examination revealed a large swelling in the region of the left carotid bifurcation and mild dyspnea. Arterial duplex imaging…
Liraglutide improves carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An 8-month prospective pi…
2015
Objective: To explore the effects of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor analogue liraglutide on subclinical atherosclerosis in diabetic subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Research design and methods: In this 8-month prospective study, 29 subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and NAFLD (16 men and 13 women, mean age: 61 ± 10 years) were matched for age and gender with 29 subjects with T2DM without NAFLD (16 men and 13 women, mean age: 61 ± 8 years). Liraglutide 0.6 mg/day for 2 weeks, followed by 1.2 mg/day, was given in addition to metformin.Main outcome measures: Anthropometric variables, glucometabolic parameters and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) using B-mode …
Investigation of the vascular and pleiotropic effects of atorvastatin and pioglitazone in a population at high cardiovascular risk.
2008
We investigated the effect of atorvastatin monotherapy and combined treatment with atorvastatin and pioglitazone on intima-media thickness, vascular function and the cardiovascular risk profile. In all, 148 patients (76 male, 72 female; aged 61.4±6.5 years; body mass index [BMI] 29.2±4.1 kg/m2; mean±SD) with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk factors were randomised. Intima-media thickness (IMT), the augmentation index (Aix@75), the microvascular response to acetylcholine (LDF), lipid status, and plasma levels of intact proinsulin, adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), sCD40L, P-selectin, tissue plasminogen activator …