Search results for "Carotid"

Prophylactic chimera anterolateral thigh/vastus lateralis flap: preventing complications in high-risk head and neck reconstruction

2014

Purpose In high-risk head and neck cases treated with tumor resection and associated radical neck dissection, orocutaneous fistulas and wound breakdowns in the neck are relatively frequent and can have serious consequences, such as carotid blowout syndrome (CBS), the need for salvage reoperations, and prolonged recovery time. The authors present the application of a prophylactic chimeric anterolateral thigh (ALT) and vastus lateralis (VL) flap to prevent complications. Materials and Methods A retrospective review was performed of a historical group (96 patients) of patients with head and neck cancer treated with tumor resection, radical neck dissection, and microsurgical reconstruction of t…

Reduced risk of ICA ligation after balloon occlusion test

1982

Effect of intraarterial papaverine or nimodipine on vessel diameter in patients with cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

2012

Papaverine (P) and nimodipine (N) are the most widely used vasodilators when angiographic and symptomatic vasospasm is present after subarachnoid aneurysmatic hemorrhage (SAH). Their effect is only short-lived and no direct comparisons have been undertaken to evaluate the action of both substances directly. We retrospectively assessed the effect of either P or N on angiographic diameter reduction and capillary blood flow.Fifteen SAH patients with secured aneurysms and cerebral vasospasm received intraarterial P, fifteen similar patients received N. As the primary endpoint, pre- and post-infusion arterial diameters and capillary blood flow were rated retrospectively on angiographies and comp…

Relationship between albumin excretion rate and aortic stiffness in untreated essential hypertensive patients

2004

. Objectives.  To evaluate, in a group of nondiabetic essential hypertensive patients with normal renal function, the relationship between albumin excretion rate (AER) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), as an index of aortic stiffness. Design.  Cross-sectional study. Setting.  Outpatient hypertension clinic. Subjects.  Seventy patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension, aged 42 ± 8 years, never pharmacologically treated. All subjects underwent routine laboratory tests, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring, measurement of carotid-femoral PWV, by means of a computerized method, and AER. Results.  Microalbuminuric patients (AER ≥ 20 μg min−1; n = 19), when comp…

Relationships between maximal oxygen uptake and endothelial function in healthy male adults: a preliminary study

2010

Aerobic capacity, as indicated by maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2) max) has an important role in contrasting the traditional cardiovascular risk factors and preventing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It is known that endothelial function, measured as flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, is strictly linked to atherogenesis and cardiovascular risk. However, the relationship between VO(2) max and FMD has not been fully investigated especially in healthy non-obese subjects. This preliminary study cross-sectionally investigated the relationship between VO(2) max and FMD in 22 non-obese, healthy sedentary male subjects. Dividing the cohort in two subgroups of 11 subjects each …

Long-term effects of a multidisciplinary treatment of uncomplicated obesity on carotid intima-media thickness

2011

Obesity is associated with well-known cardiovascular risk factors and a lower life expectancy. This study investigated whether nonoperative nutritional treatment of obesity without comorbidities influenced the carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) in the long run. Fifty-four subjects of an original cohort of 251 subjects were re-evaluated 10 years after a medical nutritional treatment (MNT) with cognitive-behavioral approach for uncomplicated obesity. Forty subjects were classified as failure (10-year body weight change >0.5 kg) and 14 (body weight change ≤0.5 kg) as a success of the MNT. Ten years after MNT, c-IMT significantly increased (0.06 ± 0.02 mm; P = 0.004) in the failure group an…

Otoneurological management of petrous apex cholesterol granuloma

2009

Objective: The aim of the study is to review the management of petrous apex cholesterol granuloma. The surgical approaches for drainage or total removal and the wait and see policy were analyzed, and outcomes were evaluated. Methods: Retrospective charts of 27 patients managed for petrous apex cholesterol granuloma with a minimum follow-up of 12 months were analyzed in a quartenary skull base center. Presenting symptoms and signs were recorded, and radiologic imaging was evaluated. Management options included wait and see policy and surgery by several approaches. Results: The mean age of patients affected by the lesion was 38.8 years. The mean follow-up was 56.7 months. Patients complained …

The preoperative assessment of stroke risk in lesions involving the internal carotid artery.

1995

Patients with vascular or tumourous lesions involving the internal carotid artery are at risk of damage or occlusion of this vessel during surgical or endovascular procedures. To assess the stroke risk transcranial Doppler aided carotid compression tests were performed in 82 patients. Based on changes of blood flow velocity (BFV), pulsatility index, systolic/diastolic ratio and length of transient hyperaemic response three groups could be differentiated. Patients in group A (31%) showed only a slight reaction of BFV and were at minimal risk in case of carotid occlusion. Patients in group B (52%) underwent a distinct decrease of Doppler readings with partial improvement and were considered t…

Perceptual Performance as a Function of Intra-Cycle Cardiac Activity

1975

The purpose of the experiment was to test the hypothesis of a systematic change in perceptual performance within a single cardiac cycle due to the activity of the baroreceptors in carotid sinus. As an index of perceptual performance the ds-parameter from signal detection theory (TSD) was used. A 1000 Hz sine tone had to be detected in a background of white noise. Each of 4 subjects received on the average 4605 noise or noise plus tone stimuli distributed over 10 experimental sessions. When comparing performance during time intervals before and after baroreceptor activity onset no significant difference was found. Also, when tracing perceptual performance over the whole cardiac cycle in step…

Carotid atherosclerosis in renal transplant recipients: Relationships with cardiovascular risk factors and plasma lipoproteins

1999

BACKGROUND: Renal transplant recipients have an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, but less data exist about cerebrovascular atherosclerosis. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of carotid lesions as evaluated by B-mode ultrasonography in a group of renal transplant recipients, and we evaluated univariate and multivariate relationships between common risk factors and plasma lipoproteins and carotid lesions. METHODS: Fifty-seven renal transplant recipients and 113 age- and gender-matched controls underwent a complete clinical visit for the evaluation of risk factors present. In all subjects, a blood sample was collected for lipoprotein determination, and an ultrasound high-…