Search results for "Carrier Proteins"
showing 10 items of 347 documents
Behavioral Effects of GABAA Receptor Stimulation and GABA-Transporter Inhibition
2000
Abstract The present analysis addressed behavioral changes after treatment with 4.5 mg/kg or 18.5 mg/kg of the GABA-uptake inhibitor tiagabine combined with either the benzodiazepine diazepam (1.5 mg/kg) or the imidazopyridine zolpidem (0.05 mg/kg), the latter two acting differentially on GABA A receptor subtypes. The study included 97 male PVG/OIaHsd rats. A standard open field, an enriched open field, and an elevated plus-maze was used to study rat behavior. Treatment with the low dose of tiagabine alone induced no specific behavioral effects, whereas the high dose had an anxiolytic-like potential. Furthermore, diazepam but not zolpidem displayed anxiolytic-like effects. Combination of ea…
Common variants of the liver fatty acid binding protein gene influence the risk of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in Spanish population.
2012
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; SUMMARY The main objective was to evaluate the association between SNPs and haplotypes of the FABP1-4 genes and type 2 diabetes, as well as its interaction with fat intake, in one general Spanish population. The association was replicated in a second population in which HOMA index was also evaluated. METHODS 1217 unrelated individuals were selected from a population-based study [Hortega study: 605 women; mean age 54 y; 7.8% with type 2 diabetes]. The replication population included 805 subjects from Segovia, a neighboring region of Spain (446 females; mean age 52 y; 10.3% with type 2 diabetes). DM2 mellitus was defined in a similar way in b…
A conserved role for the mitochondrial citrate transporter Sea/SLC25A1 in the maintenance of chromosome integrity.
2009
Histone acetylation plays essential roles in cell cycle progression, DNA repair, gene expression and silencing. Although the knowledge regarding the roles of acetylation of histone lysine residues is rapidly growing, very little is known about the biochemical pathways providing the nucleus with metabolites necessary for physiological chromatin acetylation. Here, we show that mutations in the scheggia (sea)-encoded Sea protein, the Drosophila ortholog of the human mitochondrial citrate carrier Solute carrier 25 A1 (SLC25A1), impair citrate transport from mitochondria to the cytosol. Interestingly, inhibition of sea expression results in extensive chromosome breakage in mitotic cells and indu…
Liraglutide Reduces Postprandial Hyperlipidemia by Increasing ApoB48 (Apolipoprotein B48) Catabolism and by Reducing ApoB48 Production in Patients Wi…
2018
Objective— Treatment with liraglutide, a GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) agonist, has been shown to reduce postprandial lipidemia, an important feature of diabetic dyslipidemia. However, the underlying mechanisms for this effect remain unknown. This prompted us to study the effect of liraglutide on the metabolism of ApoB48 (apolipoprotein B48). Approach and Results— We performed an in vivo kinetic study with stable isotopes (D 8 -valine) in the fed state in 10 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus before treatment and 6 months after the initiation of treatment with liraglutide (1.2 mg/d). We also evaluated, in mice, the effect of a 1-week liraglutide treatment on postload triglycerides an…
Activation of L-arginine transport by protein kinase C in rabbit, rat and mouse alveolar macrophages
1998
1 The role of protein kinase C in controlling L-arginine transport in alveolar macrophages was investigated. 2 L-[3H]Arginine uptake in rabbit alveolar macrophages declined by 80 % after 20 h in culture. 4β-Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), but not 4α-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (α-PMA), present during 20 h culture, enhanced L-[3H]arginine uptake more than 10-fold. Staurosporine and chelerythrine opposed this effect. 3 L-[3H]Arginine uptake was saturable and blockable by L-lysine. After PMA treatment Vmax was increased more than 5-fold and Km was reduced from 0.65 to 0.32 mM. 4 Time course experiments showed that PMA increased L-[3H]arginine uptake almost maximally within 2 h. This…
Altered lipid metabolism in a Drosophila model of Friedreich's ataxia
2010
13 páginas, 5 figuras.-- et al.
Intestinal cholesterol absorption: identification of different binding proteins for cholesterol and cholesterol absorption inhibitors in the enterocy…
2003
Absorption of cholesterol from the intestine is a central part of body cholesterol homeostasis. The molecular mechanisms of intestinal cholesterol absorption and the proteins mediating membrane transport are not known. We therefore aimed to identify the proteins involved in intestinal cholesterol absorption across the luminal brush border membrane of small intestinal enterocytes. By photoaffinity labeling using photoreactive derivatives of cholesterol and 2-azetidinone cholesterol absorption inhibitors, an 80-kDa and a 145-kDa integral membrane protein were identified as specific binding proteins for cholesterol and cholesterol absorption inhibitors, respectively, in the brush border membra…
Molecular diagnosis of hypobetalipoproteinemia: an ENID review.
2007
Abstract Primary hypobetalipoproteinemia (HBL) includes a group of genetic disorders: abetalipoproteinemia (ABL) and chylomicron retention disease (CRD), with a recessive transmission, and familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL) with a co-dominant transmission. ABL and CRD are rare disorders due to mutations in the MTP and SARA2 genes, respectively. Heterozygous FHBL is much more frequent. FHBL subjects often have fatty liver and, less frequently, intestinal fat malabsorption. FHBL may be linked or not to the APOB gene. Most mutations in APOB gene cause the formation of truncated forms of apoB which may or may be not secreted into the plasma. Truncated apoBs with a size below that of apoB-3…
KLHL3 mutations cause familial hyperkalemic hypertension by impairing ion transport in the distal nephron
2012
Familial hyperkalemic hypertension (FHHt) is a Mendelian form of arterial hypertension that is partially explained by mutations in WNK1 and WNK4 that lead to increased activity of the Na(+)-Cl(-) cotransporter (NCC) in the distal nephron. Using combined linkage analysis and whole-exome sequencing in two families, we identified KLHL3 as a third gene responsible for FHHt. Direct sequencing of 43 other affected individuals revealed 11 additional missense mutations that were associated with heterogeneous phenotypes and diverse modes of inheritance. Polymorphisms at KLHL3 were not associated with blood pressure. The KLHL3 protein belongs to the BTB-BACK-kelch family of actin-binding proteins tha…
Up-regulation of c-FLIPshort and reduction of activation-induced cell death in T-cells from patients with Type 1 diabetes
2004
AICD of T-cells is an efficient way of removing activated T-lymphocytes. In this study we investigated the molecular basis of AICD upon reactivation in peripheral T-lymphocytes from newly diagnosed T1DM patients and age-matched healthy controls. In an in vitro model system, PHA-stimulated T-cells, upon prolonged culture in IL-2, acquire a sensitive phenotype to Fas-mediated apoptosis. This phenomenon is less pronounced in T1DM T-cells. Moreover, the restimulation of activated T-cells via TCR/CD3 and/or via CD28 inhibits Fas-mediated apoptosis in T1DM in comparison to control T-cells. After Fas triggering, the generation of the active sub-units of caspase-8 is significantly reduced in T1DM T…