Search results for "Case-Control Studies"
showing 10 items of 1567 documents
Assessment of brain core temperature using MR DWI-thermometry in Alzheimer disease patients compared to healthy subjects
2017
Purpose: To assess the brain core temperature of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients in comparison with healthy volunteers using diffusion-weighted thermometry. Materials and methods: Fourteen AD patients (3 men, 11 women; age range 60–81 years, mean age 73.8 ± 6.1 years) and 14 healthy volunteers, age and sex-matched (mean age 70.1 ± 6.9 years; range 62–84 years; 5 men, 9 women) underwent MR examination between February 2014 and March 2016. MR imaging studies were performed with a 1.5-T MR scanner. Brain core temperature (T: °C) was calculated using the following equation from the diffusion coefficient (D) in the lateral ventricular (LV) cerebrospinal fluid: T = 2256.74/ln (4.39221/D) − 273.15…
Time processing in children with Tourette's syndrome.
2010
Background: Tourette syndrome (TS) is characterized by dysfunctional connectivity between prefrontal cortex and sub-cortical structures, and altered meso-cortical and/or meso-striatal dopamine release. Since time processing is also regulated by fronto-striatal circuits and modulated by dopaminergic transmission, we hypothesized that time processing is abnormal in TS. Methods: We compared time processing abilities between nine children with TS-only (i.e. without major psychiatric comorbidities) and 10 age-matched healthy children, employing a time reproduction task in which subjects actively reproduce different temporal intervals, and a time comparison task in which subjects judge whether a …
Observational multicentric trial performed with doxazosin: evaluation of sexual effects on patients with diagnosed benign prostatic hyperplasia.
2002
<i>Introduction:</i> The aim of our study is to verify the effects of doxazosin on sexual function in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). <i>Materials and Methods:</i> We enrolled 102 patients with BPH, selected by nine Italian Urology Departments. Patients were evaluated with the International Prostatic Symptom Score (I-PSS) and divided into two groups: those with intact sexual activity and those with erectile dysfunction. According to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), the second cohort was divided into three subgroups on the basis of the degree of erectile dysfunction degree (severe, moderate or mild). All patients underwent 3 month…
Insulin resistance as common molecular denominator linking obesity to Alzheimer’s disease
2015
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an aging-related multi-factorial disorder to which metabolic factors contribute at what has canonically been considered a centrally mediated process. Although the exact underlying mechanisms are still unknown, obesity is recognized as a risk factor for AD and the condition of insulin resistance seems to be the link between the two pathologies. Using mice with high fat diet (HFD) obesity we dissected the molecular mechanisms shared by the two disorders. Brains of HFD fed mice showed elevated levels of APP and Aβ 40 /Aβ 42 together with BACE, GSK3β and Tau proteins involved in APP processing and Aβ accumulation. Immunofluorescence, Thioflavin T staining experiments…
Diagnosis of silent coronary ischemia with selective coronary revascularization might improve 2-year survival of patients with critical limb-threaten…
2021
Abstract Background Patients with critical limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) have had poor long-term survival after lower extremity revascularization owing to coexistent coronary artery disease. A new cardiac diagnostic test, coronary computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT), can identify patients with ischemia-producing coronary stenosis who might benefit from coronary revascularization. We sought to determine whether the diagnosis of silent coronary ischemia before limb salvage surgery with selective postoperative coronary revascularization can reduce the incidence of adverse cardiac events and improve the survival of patients with CLTI compared with standard care. Metho…
Pre-operative Diagnosis of Silent Coronary Ischaemia May Reduce Post-operative Death and Myocardial Infarction and Improve Survival of Patients Under…
2019
Objective Patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery have increased risk of death and myocardial infarction (MI), which may be due to unsuspected (silent) coronary ischaemia. The aim was to determine whether pre-operative diagnosis of silent ischaemia using coronary computed tomography (CT) derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) can facilitate multidisciplinary care to reduce post-operative death and MI, and improve survival. Methods This was a single centre prospective study with historic controls. Patients with no cardiac symptoms undergoing lower extremity surgical revascularisation with pre-operative coronary CTA-FFRCT testing were compared with historic controls with standard pre…
Supervised exercise training in peripheral arterial disease increases vascular shear stress and profunda femoral artery diameter
2016
Background Arteriogenesis is promoted by flow- and pressure-related forces such as tangential wall stress and laminar shear stress. Exercise training (ET) is known to promote arteriogenesis in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients. It remains unclear whether supervised ET (SET) promotes arteriogenesis more efficiently than non-SET (nSET). Methods and results Forty PAD patients participated in a SET or nSET training programme ( n = 20 each) and were compared to 20 healthy individuals without any history of cardiovascular events. Femoral artery diameter, flow and velocity were measured by ultrasound. Tangential wall stress and laminar shear stress were calculated for femoral arteries. Fo…
IMPROVEMENT OF PICTURE RECALL BY REPETITION IN PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA OF ALZHEIMER TYPE
1997
The evidence for positive effects of repetition on recall performance in patients with dementia of Alzheimer type is equivocal. This may be due to the difference repetition conditions used. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of different repetition modes on the improvement of recall performance in demented subjects. Twenty-four patients with Alzheimer type dementia and 24 control subjects with remitted depression were included in the study. Pictures were presented repeatedly using different presentation modes at a constant total presentation time. Free recall was tested repeatedly after different periods of delay (0-8 hours). Immediate and delayed list repetition si…
Cumulative incidence of achilles tendon rupture and tendinopathy in male former elite athletes
2005
To study the cumulative incidence of Achilles tendon rupture and tendinopathy among former top-level athletes.Historical cohort study.Finland.Male former elite athlete cohort members (n = 785; median age, 69 years when responding to the questionnaire; range, 54-97) and their matched controls (n = 416; median age, 68 years; range, 56-94).Questionnaire-reported Achilles tendinopathy and tendon rupture diagnosed by physicians before the age of 45 years and within the subjects' lifetimes.Cumulative incidence of Achilles tendinopathy before the age of 45 was high for middle and long-distance runners (adjusted odds ratio, 31.2 compared with controls; P0.001), and cumulative incidence of Achilles …
Comparing 15D and SF-6D Performance in Fragility Wrist and Hip Fracture Patients in a Two-Year Follow-Up Case-Control Study
2012
Accepted version of an article in the journal:Value in Health. Published available from Elsevier on Science Direct: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2012.08.2200 Objectives To examine and compare the two utility and health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) measures 15D and (SF-6D) in fragility wrist and hip fracture patients and controls, study the responsiveness of 15D and SF-6D, and examine the impact of these fractures on changes in 15D and SF-6D scores over 2 years. Methods A total of 152 wrist fracture patients and 164 controls and 61 hip fracture patients and 61 controls with 15D and SF-6D scores were studied. Results The mean 15D score decreased significantly in wrist fracture patients…