Search results for "Cash"

Valorisation of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid Phenolics in the Synthesis of UV Absorbers

2019

CO-EVOLUTION BETWEEN CCC-DRIVEN CASH FLOW MANAGEMENT AND TRANSFORMATION OF R&D – AMAZON'S ENDEAVOR

2019

Amazon became the world R&D leader in 2017 by rapidly increasing R&D investment. The company’s extremely large amount of R&D funds is the result of an ample free cash flow generated by sophisticated cash conversion cycle (CCC) management. Increased R&D induced business advancement and lean cost structure construction leading to further increase in cash flow which has stimulated interaction between vendors, customers, and Amazon via the Amazon marketplace. Activated interaction accelerated CCC advancement, a subsequent free cash flow increase, and user-driven innovation, thus accelerated the transformation of routine or periodic alteration activities into significant improvem…

Parametric measurement of partial damage in building.

2015

The valuation of the property damage is a double appraisal that considers a before situation and an after situation to the damage, reported both to the same moment. An elementary measure of the partial damage is represented, in a first approximation, by the restoration’s cost, when the return of the original situation is possible and economically profitable, this last circumstance imposes that the cost is great or equal to the suffered damage. In the building practice, the restoration of the buildings is often combined with operations of substitution and integration. For the indemnity of the partial damage, the restoration’s cost also includes the lost incomes of the property for the period…

Managing service shutdowns: Cash refunds or vouchers?

2022

Service shutdowns—extended disruptions of operations—caused by exogenous events are on the rise. Such shutdowns pose major challenges for service providers, customers, and regulators. Providers prefer vouchers as a means of service recovery to limit bankruptcy risk, whereas customers demand cash refunds or vouchers that include a generous bonus. Regulators, on the other hand, insist that customers must be granted the right to be reimbursed in cash. This paper shows that a zero bonus is optimal under the voucher-only strategy, whereas the provider should always include a positive bonus with the voucher under the hybrid strategy that allows customers to choose between the cash refund and vouc…

Cash-for-childcare. The consequences for caring mothers

2012

Il Cashback di Stato: evidenze empiriche e inquadramento fiscale

2020

I commi da 288 e 290 della Legge di Bilancio per il 2020 (Legge n. 160 del 27 Dicembre 2019) hanno introdotto anche in Italia le “Misure premiali per utilizzo di strumenti di pagamento elettronici”. Si tratta del meccanismo noto come cashback con il quale il governo italiano ha fatto un passo in avanti verso il traguardo di quella cashless society che, nelle intenzioni dei promotori, dovrebbe portare alla scomparsa del contante con effetti benefici sul contrasto all’evasione e ad altre forme di illeciti di natura economica. Le disposizioni normative, anche alla luce delle modifiche apportate dall’articolo 73 del D.L. n. 104 del 14 agosto 2020, prevedono un rimborso in denaro per le persone …

Free Cash Flow and the Governance of French Firms (Free Cash Flow Et Gouvernance Des Entreprises Françaises)

2008

The limitation of the problem of free cash flow depends on the efficiency of governance mechanisms. In our study, we chose four main governance mechanisms, namely debt, the distribution of dividends, boards of directors and ownership structure. On the basis of a sample of 94 French firms in 2004, the results show that sustained distribution of dividends, a small-sized board of directors and some level of share-ownership by board members and managers are necessary conditions to the resolution of free cash flow. External directors and controlling interests act on free cash flow risk rather indirectly by favouring a massive distribution of dividends. The CEO/chairman duality produces the oppos…

The Idiosincrancies of the European M&A Market

2020

This paper provides a comprehensive descriptive analysis of the European market of mergers and acquisitions (MA 2) method of payment; 3) geographical scope; 4) target’s attitude; 5) bidders’ competition; 6) industry relatedness; 7) public status of the firms involved; and 8) acquirers’ ownership of targets before and after the transaction. Additionally, we identify the similarities and differences of this market with those of the dominant market worldwide, namely the US. Both markets show similar trends in their activity and the occurrence of waves concentrated around economic shocks. However, the European market notably exhibits higher levels of friendly and cash deals.

A New Aid Modality for Africa: Old Age Cash Transfers

2010

This paper examines the issue of foreign aid and cash transfers to individuals in low-income economies typically found in Africa. Old-age conditional cash transfers and new mobile banking technology can cope with the well-documented problems related to moral hazard and high transaction costs with such policy interactions. Cash transfers can stimulate old and retired individuals’ demand for the consumption goods and services, and thereby affect product prices and wages. Developing economies being characterised by underemployment and gross substitution between consumption and leisure, these transfers can stimulate the labour supply and increase capacity utilisation and the production of labou…

Financial Companies in Latvia: Why are they Coming to the Bond Market?

2019

In the period 2013-2017 Latvian corporate bond market had experienced the abrupt growth of the number of public Latvian corporate bond issues outstanding. The base of the expansion was formed by the financing activity of Latvian financial sector issuers (FSIs) with their weight in the pool of corporate bond issues listed in Nasdaq Riga at 85%. In 2019, FSIs remain the main issuer in Latvian corporate bond market (64% of the number of issues (Nasdaq Baltic, 2019)). The financing needs and preferences of the FSIs not only shape the segment profitability but also build Latvian corporate bond market sustainability. 
 Academic papers provide broad motivation for corporate debt issuing: an e…