Search results for "Catalysis"

showing 10 items of 5944 documents

ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Proton-Catalyzed Diarylmethylation of Indoles with 9H-Xanthydrol, Dibenzosuberenol, and Bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl…

1989

3-Isopropylindole (4) is xanthenylated both at N-1 (stereocontrolled major reaction), C-2, and on the phenyl nucleus of the indole skeleton by xanthydrol (1). Other carbinols such as dibenzosuberenol (2) and bis[4-dimethylaminophenyl]methanol (3) with lower electrophilic SN1 activities than 1 do not react with 4 but do react very selectively with simple methylindoles to form diarylmethylated derivatives.

Indole testchemistry.chemical_compoundProtonchemistryElectrophileRegioselectivityGeneral MedicineMethanolXanthydrolMedicinal chemistryCatalysisChemInform
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Diels-Alder reaction between indoles and cyclohexadienes photocatalyzed by a (thia)pyrylium salt

2007

"Thiapyrylium salt 1 is an efficient photocatalyst in the Diels-Alder reaction between indoles (InHs) and 1,3-cyclohexadienes (CHDs). For instance, irradiation of deaerated dichloromethane solutions containing 1 (1 mM), indole (20 mM) and cyclohexadiene (40 mM), in the presence of an acylating agent, led to the Diels-Alder cycloadduct in 62% yield (endo:exo ratio of 1.8:1). Taking into account the very high intersystem crossing yield (Φisc = 0.97) of thiapyrylium salt 1, involvement of its triplet excited state in this Diels-Alder reaction has been studied using steadystate and time-resolved experiments; the results are compared with those previously obtained for pyrylium salts, which exhib…

Indoles 1.3-cyclohexadienesUNESCO::QUÍMICA:QUÍMICA::Química orgánica [UNESCO]Diels-Alder reaction ; Photocatalysis ; Thiapyrylium salts ; Indoles 1.3-cyclohexadienesUNESCO::QUÍMICA::Química orgánicaPhotocatalysisDiels-Alder reaction:QUÍMICA [UNESCO]Thiapyrylium salts
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Synthesis of Functionalized Indoles with a Trifluoromethy-Substituted Stereogenic Tertiary Carbon Atom Through an Enantioselective Friedel-Crafts Alk…

2010

[EN] Chiral complexes of BINOL-based ligands with zirconium tert-butoxide catalyze the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of indoles with beta-trifluoromethyl-alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones to give functionalized indoles with an asymmetric tertiary carbon center attached to a trifluoromethyl group. The reaction can be applied to a large number of substituted alpha-trifluoromethyl enones and substituted indoles. The expected products were obtained with good yields and ees of up to 99%.

IndolesHydrocarbons FluorinatedAlkylationEnonesStereoisomerismAlkylationElectrophilic aromatic substitutionLigandsMedicinal chemistryCatalysisCatalysisStereocenterchemistry.chemical_compoundAsymmetric catalysisOrganic chemistryCombinatorial Chemistry TechniquesAromatic substitutionFriedel–Crafts reactionTrifluoromethylMolecular StructureChemistryOrganic ChemistryEnantioselective synthesisStereoisomerismGeneral ChemistryKetonesCarbonFISICA APLICADAZirconiumFluorinated compounds
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Organocatalytic Enantioselective Friedel–Crafts Aminoalkylation of Indoles in the Carbocyclic Ring

2016

The first general catalytic method for the, so far elusive, enantioselective Friedel−Crafts functionalization of indoles in the carbocyclic ring is presented. This transformation contrasts with the usual tendency of these heterocycles to react at the azole ring. For this purpose, the four regioisomeric hydroxy carbocyclic-substituted indoles were reacted with several isatinderived ketimines, using a Cinchona alkaloid-based squaramide, in a low 0.5−5 mol % catalyst loading, as a bifunctional catalyst. This methodology allows the functionalization of indoles in every position of the carbocyclic ring in a regio- and enantioselective fashion, by switching only the position of the hydroxy group …

IndolesIsatin-derived ketiminesCinchona010402 general chemistryRing (chemistry)01 natural sciencesCatalysisReductive eliminationFriedel−Crafts reactionPhenolsAsymmetric catalysisOrganic chemistryFriedel–Crafts reactionbiologyOrganocatalysis010405 organic chemistryChemistrySquaramideEnantioselective synthesisQuímicaGeneral Chemistrybiology.organism_classification0104 chemical sciencesBifunctional catalystFISICA APLICADAOrganocatalysisACS Catalysis
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A Three-Component Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative CC Coupling Reaction: A Domino Process in Two Dimensions

2013

IndolesOxidative CouplingComponent (thermodynamics)ChemistryKineticschemistry.chemical_elementEstersStereoisomerismHomogeneous catalysisStereoisomerismGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryPhotochemistryBoronic AcidsCarbonCatalysisCoupling reactionCatalysisKineticsPolymer chemistryOxidative coupling of methaneta116PalladiumPalladiumAngewandte Chemie International Edition
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Stereoselective Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Nupharamine Alkaloids from Castoreum

2009

An animalic note: The first total synthesis of the all-cis nupharamine 2, an alkaloid from beaver castoreum, is based on the stereoselective domino Mannich-Michael reaction of N-galactosylfurylaldimine to give 1 (Piv = pivaloyl), subsequent conjugate cuprate addition, and stereoselective protonation of the enolate. These reactions are all controlled by the carbohydrate. Protonation of the enolate after cleavage of the auxiliary leads to epimer 3.

IndolizidinesIndolizidinesTerpenesChemistryStereochemistryEnantioselective synthesisTotal synthesisRodentiaStereoisomerismProtonationStereoisomerismNupharamineGeneral ChemistryCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundAlkaloidsPiperidinesAnimalsStereoselectivityEpimerScent GlandsFuransAngewandte Chemie International Edition
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Selectivity in Propene Dehydrogenation on Pt and Pt3Sn Surfaces from First Principles

2013

Propene can be produced via dehydrogenation of propane on Pt-based catalysts; however, the catalysts are plagued by low selectivity toward propene and high coke formation. The selectivity can be improved and the coke formation reduced by alloying Pt with Sn. The alloying is known to weaken the binding of propene, which in part explains the improved performance. We conducted density functional theory calculations to study the dehydrogenation of propene on flat and stepped Pt and Pt3Sn surfaces. The steps on Pt dehydrogenate propene readily, whereas, on Pt3Sn, the steps are inert because they are decorated with Sn. Our results indicate that the high selectivity and low coking on the Pt–Sn cat…

InertChemistryInorganic chemistryGeneral ChemistryCokeCatalysisCatalysisPropenechemistry.chemical_compoundPropaneDensity functional theoryDehydrogenationSelectivityta116ACS Catalysis
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Utilization of dense carbon dioxide as an inert solvent for chemical syntheses

2010

InertSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundSupercritical carbon dioxide chemical syntheses polymerizationPolymerizationChemistryCarbon dioxideOrganic chemistryHomogeneous catalysisSettore ING-IND/27 - Chimica Industriale E TecnologicaHeterogeneous catalysisEnzyme catalysis
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Heat Shock Proteins Alterations in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease characterized by the attack of the immune system on the body’s healthy joint lining and degeneration of articular structures. This disease involves an increased release of inflammatory mediators in the affected joint that sensitize sensory neurons and create a positive feedback loop to further enhance their release. Among these mediators, the cytokines and neuropeptides are responsible for the crippling pain and the persistent neurogenic inflammation associated with RA. More importantly, specific proteins released either centrally or peripherally have been shown to play opposing roles in the pathogenesis of this dise…

InflammationHeat shock proteins Hsp therapy Inflammation Neurogenic inflammation Rheumatoid arthritis VaccineOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineChaperonin 60CatalysisComputer Science ApplicationsInorganic ChemistryArthritis RheumatoidHumansHSP70 Heat-Shock ProteinsHSP90 Heat-Shock ProteinsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologySpectroscopyHeat-Shock Proteins
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Invertebrate Models in Innate Immunity and Tissue Remodeling Research

2022

The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight the close functional and highly conserved link between innate immunity, homeostasis maintenance, inflammation, tissue remodeling and regeneration [...]

InflammationOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineInvertebratesInnate Immunity Regeneration InvertebratesImmunity InnateCatalysisComputer Science ApplicationsInorganic ChemistryAnimalsHomeostasisPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologySpectroscopyInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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