Search results for "Catchment"
showing 10 items of 75 documents
Substance use disorders as risk factors for suicide in an Eastern and a Central European city (Tallinn and Frankfurt/Main)
2009
Cultural and regional differences on the well-known elevated suicide risk in substance use disorders have not been clarified yet. Therefore, the suicide risk associated with substance use disorders in a society of transition and in a socially and economically stable society should be identified and compared. Data from two population-based matched case-control studies were used to analyse the association between alcohol and other substance consumption and the risk of suicide. Data in Frankfurt were obtained by a semi-structured interview including the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I (SCID-I) in 163 suicides that occurred in 1999 and 2000, and data from Tallinn were collected …
A GIS-Based Method for Analysing the Association Between School-Built Environment and Home-School Route Measures with Active Commuting to School in U…
2020
In the current call for a greater human health and well-being as a sustainable development goal, to encourage active commuting to and from school (ACS) seems to be a key factor. Research focusing on the analysis of the association between environmental factors and ACS in children and adolescents has reported limited and inconclusive evidence, so more knowledge is needed about it. The main aim of this study is to examine the association between different built environmental factors of both school neighbourhood and home-school route with ACS of children and adolescents belonging to urban areas. The ACS level was evaluated using a self-reported questionnaire. Built environment variables (i.e.,…
Cambios en los usos del suelo y producción de escorrentía en ramblas mediterráneas: Carraixet y Poyo (1956-1998)
2007
Ana.Camarasa@uv.es Juan.Mateu@uv.es Este trabajo analiza el efecto de los cambios recientes en los usos del suelo en la génesis de escorrentía en ramblas mediterráneas utilizando un SIG. Para el cálculo de la producción de escorrentía se ha utilizado el método desarrollado por el S.C.S. modificado por Témez (1978) que combina los mapas de pendientes, usos del suelo y grupo hidrológico del suelo. Se ha aplicado una adaptación del método propuesta por Camarasa et al. (2006) basado en la interpretación hidrogeomorfológica de la cuenca para la estimación del grupo hidrológico de suelo. Los resultados muestran una variabilidad espacial y temporal importante en la dinámica de producción de escorr…
The effectiveness of a coordinated preventive care approach for healthy ageing (UHCE) among older persons in five European cities: A pre-post control…
2018
Abstract Background Older persons often have multiple health and social problems and need a variety of health services. A coordinated preventive approach that integrates the provision of health and social care services could promote healthy ageing. Such an approach can be organised differently, depending on the availability and organizational structures in the local context. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of a coordinated preventive care approach in various European settings. Objectives This study explored the effects of a coordinated preventive health and social care approach on the lifestyle, health and quality of life of community-dwelling older persons in five …
Assessment of the interpretability of data mining for the spatial modelling of water erosion using game theory
2021
Abstract This study undertook a comprehensive application of 15 data mining (DM) models, most of which have, thus far, not been commonly used in environmental sciences, to predict land susceptibility to water erosion hazard in the Kahorestan catchment, southern Iran. The DM models were BGLM, BGAM, Cforest, CITree, GAMS, LRSS, NCPQR, PLS, PLSGLM, QR, RLM, SGB, SVM, BCART and BTR. We identified 18 factors usually considered as key controls for water erosion, comprising 10 factors extracted from a digital elevation model (DEM), three indices extracted from Landsat 8 images, a sediment connectivity index (SCI) and three other intrinsic factors. Three indicators consisting of MAE, MBE, RMSE, and…
A review of runoff generation and soil erosion across scales in semiarid south-eastern Spain
2011
Climate, lithology, soil and especially, intense land use/cover changes, make SE Spain very vulnerable to runoff generation and water erosion leading to loss of nutrients and organic matter and to infrequent but devastating floods, reservoir siltation and mass failures. This susceptibility has led to heavy economic investment and research efforts since the 1980s, making this region a worldwide reference for understanding the hydrology and geomorphology of semiarid ecosystems. Runoff and soil erosion have been intensively studied throughout the last decades in various natural ecosystems as well as in abandoned farmlands. Research has considered a wide range of methods and spatial and tempora…
Modeling the Effects of Climate Change on Catchment Hydrology with the GWLF Model
2009
The influence of catchment hydrology on the volume and timing of water inputs to waterbodies, and on the material loads of nutrients, sediment, and pollutants is central to any assessment of the impact of climate change on lakes. Changes in the timing and amount of precipitation, particularly when coupled with a change in air temperature, influence all the major components of the hydrological cycle, including evapotranspiration, snow dynamics, soil moisture, groundwater storage, baseflow, surface runoff, and streamflow.
2019
Flooding may damage important transportation infrastructures, such as roads, railways and bridges, which need to be well planned and designed to be able to withstand current and possible future climate-driven increases in flood frequencies and magnitudes. This study develops a novel approach to predictive statistical modelling of the probability of flooding at major road-stream intersection sites, where water, sediment and debris can accumulate and cause failure of drainage facilities and associated road damages. Two areas in south-west Sweden, affected by severe floods in August 2014, are used in representative case studies for this development. A set of physical catchment-descriptors (PCD…
Contribution of the largest events to suspended sediment transport across the USA
2010
This work analyses the contribution of the largest events to suspended sediment transport on the continental scale. The analysis is based on the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Suspended Sediment and Ancillary database. Data were obtained from 1314 catchments, comprising more than 2 500 000 daily events. The total number of days in the dataset amounts to 10 000 years. Catchments are of different sizes and belong to distinct climatic environments; they are distributed for the analysis according to USA hydrological divisions (HDs). The main objective of the research is to examine the effect of the n-largest event on the total suspended sediment load over recorded periods, and to discus…